• Title/Summary/Keyword: Applied

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Interfacial Electronic Structure of Bathocuproine and Al: Theoretical Study and Photoemission Spectroscopy

  • Lee, Jeihyun;Kim, Hyein;Shin, Dongguen;Lee, Younjoo;Park, Soohyung;Yoo, Jisu;Jeong, Junkyeong;Hyun, Gyeongho;Jeong, Kwangho;Yi, Yeonjin
    • Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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    • 2014.02a
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    • pp.169-169
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    • 2014

  • Interfacial electronic structure of bathocuproine and Al was investigated using in-situ photoemission spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Bathocuproine is used for exciton blocking and electron transport material in organic photovoltaics and Al is typical cathode material. When thin thickness of Al was thermally evaporated on BCP, gap states were observed by ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy. The closest gap state yielded below 0.3 eV from Fermi level. By x-ray photoemission spectroscopy, interaction of Al with nitrogen of BCP was observed. To understand the origin of gap states, DFT calculation was carried out and gap states was verified with successive calculation of interaction of Al and nitrogen of BCP. Furthermore, emergency of another state above Fermi level was observed. Remarkable reduction of electron injection barrier between Al and BCP, therefore, is possible.

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The effect of injection molding cooling parameters on shrinkage of plastic roller (사출성형의 냉각 파라미터가 플라스틱 롤러의 수축에 미치는 영향)

  • Cho, Sung-Gi;Han, Seong-Ryeol
    • Design & Manufacturing
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    • v.15 no.4
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    • pp.8-13
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    • 2021

  • A plastic roller for opening and closing the safety door of the injection molding machine was molded. The dimensional change of the measurement position of the roller was studied when the cooling time was applied differently among the molding conditions, and when the temperature of the coolant applied for mold cooling was also applied differently. Cooling times of 300 seconds and 400 seconds, hot and low-temperature coolant were applied. When the low-temperature coolant was applied, the measuring point of the roller shrank by 0.03 mm. However, when the high-temperature coolant was applied, the measuring point shrank by 0.3 mm. It was found that the application of low-temperature coolant among coolants was more suitable for the reference dimension of the molded article compared to the application of high-temperature coolant. Among the cooling water applied for the molding of plastic rollers, when high-temperature coolant is applied, the shrinkage rate measured immediately after ejection was smaller than when low-temperature coolant is applied. However, it was found that post shrinkage, which occurs over time, occurs much larger when high-temperature coolant is applied.

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