• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
• /
• 2001.11a
• /
• pp.859-864
• /
• 2001

An effective live load model for analyzing probable maximum live load effects such as moment and shear in transverse direction was developed. The main procedure of this live load model is composed of four parts, i.e., firstly, determination of the appropriate influence lines in longitudinal direction, secondly, application of the characteristics of vehicles and traffic patterns in longitudinal direction, thirdly, determination of the appropriate influence lines in transverse direction, and fourthly, application of the characteristics of vehicles and traffic patterns in transverse direction. Through this procedure, the probabilistic distributions of maximum probable load effects are deduced in the form of probability density function (PDF) and/or cumulative density function(CDF). This live load model is able to consider local or global deterioration of bridges in the structural analysis.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
• /
• v.5 no.3
• /
• pp.98-104
• /
• 2002

An airborne-based Direction-Finding System is developed for the application of ELINT and ES(Electronic Support). The system takes the phase-comparison technology, and has the configuration of multi-based antenna array for the solution of ambiguity due to the increased Direction-Finding resolution. This thesis describes the design of optimized distances among antennas, the electrical characteristics, the method of compensation, the direction-finding accuracy, and et. al. under the condition of the airborne-based environment.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
• /
• v.22 no.3 s.38
• /
• pp.531-556
• /
• 1992

The majority of the commonly used protraction headgears for the protraction of small and/or retropositioned maxilla not allow a change in the point of force application or direction of the force delivery to attain predictable results because of the position of the upper and lower lips to avoid discomfort to the patient. The purpose of this study was to investigate the initial reaction of maxillofacial complex according to the change of force variables such as direction and point of force application with designing an antenna type-modified protraction head gear. A macerated human skull with well aligned upper teeth was used to experimental model and the investigation was done by double exposure holographic interferometry. Fringe patterns of each protraction conditions were compared and analized. The results were as follows. (Frontal view) 1. The Counterclockwise rotation of the maxilla was showed by parallel protraction to occlusal plane and the fringe was decreased in number as higher point of force application. 2. Generally, the number of fringe was increased in 500gm of protraction force than in 300gm. 3. When apply the protraction force to the maxilla with rapid palatal expansion, the direction of fringe patterns was differed from the protraction without expansion. 4. In most of cases, the counterclockwise rotation was decreased in case of the direction of the force is $20^{\circ}$ downward to occlusal plane compared to the parallel direction. 5. At the point of force application is 15mm above and the direction of force is 20 downward to occlusal plane , the translation of the maxillary complex was showed. (Lateral view) 6. The direction of fringe patterns of the facial bones were differed each other by the sutures, and showed almost parallel when apply the 300gm and 500gm of protraction force. 7. In case of rapid palatal expansion with protraction of the maxilla, the fringe patterns between the maxillary area and the area from the posterior of the maxillary first molar to the pterygomaxillary fissure were differed. In case without rapid palatal expansion, the changes of direction and point of the force application did not affect to the direction and the number of the fringe patterns.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.27-32
• /
• 2002

In this study, estimate of Mechanical Properties depending on Injected direction in Polymer for Automobile Application. The used materials is polyamid(nylon6), polypropylene(PP) of a simple component and its mixed, reinforced glass fiber(15%) in polyamid. One side direction of a simple component is highest strength and the two sides direction of multicomponent appear lowest strength. This is caused by effects of weldline, imperfect fusion and impregnation of multicomponent. To improve mechanical properties, it is necessary to minimize of weldline, compatibility, perfect fusion and impregnation in multicomponent polymer.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
• /
• v.32 no.6
• /
• pp.383-388
• /
• 2007

In precision farming, proper calibration and operation of a variable rate machine are critical to reduce input of agrochemicals and to ensure productivity and quality of agricultural products. As an effort to introduce precision farming to rice production in Korea, a pneumatic granular applicator was developed. This investigation intended to evaluate the application performance such as application accuracy, application uniformity and to suggest how to adjust the blow-heads to get uniform application pattern, and to suggest a practical way of adjustment of the blow-heads for uniform application. Tests to evaluate the application performance were conducted. The application uniformities (CV) in both transverse direction and longitudinal direction were less than 15% and application accuracy was greater than 81%. A simple method for adjusting the inserting length of blow-heads was suggested.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.17 no.6
• /
• pp.217-222
• /
• 2017

Any object located in the earth's gravitational field experiences a force in the direction of the center of the earth. In order to describe the motion of objects in the field, the solutions to a system of simultaneous vector kinematic equations need to be obtained. In the analysis of freely-falling objects, the reference direction +y is usually defined to be the downward direction. In the analysis of the motion of objects thrown upward, the reference direction +y is usually defined to be the upward direction. In the analysis of the motion of objects thrown downward, the reference direction +y is usually defined to be the downward direction. In this paper, we show that the choice of reference axis in either upward or direction gives the same results by adopting a scalar product of two vectors in solving the vector kinematic equations. It is rare to find other examples of using a scalar product of two vectors in solving vector kinematic equations describing the motion of objects. An application of this study is that we can arbitrarily choose the reference direction for objects moving in a horizontal direction, including projectile motions.

• Physical Therapy Korea
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.9-15
• /
• 2013

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the differences in electromyographic (EMG) activities of upper limb muscles between cross- and parallel-aligned taping and to compare the effects of these 2 taping methods in healthy adults. Thirty subjects, who volunteered for this study, were tested under 3 taping conditions in random order: (1) no taping, (2) cross-aligned taping, and (3) parallel-aligned taping. EMG activities of the biceps brachii, triceps brachii, flexor carpi ulnaris, and extensor carpi radialis muscles were measured. All muscles showed significant differences in EMG activity among the 3 conditions (p<.05). In the post hoc test, biceps brachii and triceps brachii muscles showed significant differences in EMG activity between the no taping and the cross-aligned taping conditions and between the no taping and the parallel-aligned taping conditions. Additionally, the EMG activities of the flexor carpi radialis and extensor carpi radialis muscles appeared to be significantly different between the no taping and parallel-aligned taping conditions. These findings demonstrate that taping may be helpful for decreasing muscle activity, regardless of the direction of tape application. This study provides useful information to future researchers regarding the effects of taping on muscle activity.

• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
• /
• 2011.04a
• /
• pp.495-503
• /
• 2011

In this study, I discussed the overview of smart phone and the direction of the development, and analysed the case study of the smart phone application which is recently developed in domestic and international door-to-door service company. Through this analysis, I suggest the main topic of the vitalization of smart phone and the strategic direction of the practical use in logistic industry.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.111-118
• /
• 2007

Purpose : It was to present strategies on activation of prehospital medical direction in Korea. Methods : This study was conducted by analysing some papers on prehospital medical direction and statistical data from the National Emergency Management Agency. Results : There was no active application of medical direction methods such as Priority Dispatch System, Pre-Arrival Instructions, System Status Management and no data on prehospital medical direction. To estimate direct medical control on emergency patients who were sorted by EMTs in 2006 was only 2.5%. Conclusion : To improve prehospital medical direction, it needed to applicate data collecting & using system and in-direct & direct medical control by medical doctor.

• Special Issue of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
• /
• 2017.10a
• /
• pp.8-13
• /
• 2017

The rolled carbon steel plate has anisotropic property in Z-direction(thickness direction). This is induced by cooling rate difference of Z-direction and sulfur which make non-metallic inclusion(MnS) at center line of thickness direction. Z-directional mechanical properties of normal steel plate are not generally specified and it is defined for Z-Quality steel only through tensile test in Z-direction. If Z-quality steel is not applied for cruciform joint, the lamella tearing will be occurred by tensile stress after welding & during operation of the structure. In this research, one equation estimating Z-directional(orthogonal to plate) stress was developed to prevent lamella tearing by welding. This equation deals with plate thickness & joint configuration(eccentricity, angle and curvature). Analyses were done by strain boundary method using sectional FE modeling and FE 3D models are also used for some cases. Designers can predict the possibility of lamella tearing by adequately applying the result and can appropriately minimize the application of Z-quality steel by revising welding design to some extent.