• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.145-155
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• 2007

The advent of osseointegration and advances in biomaterials and techniques have contributed to increased application of dental implants in the restoration of maxillary partial edentulous patients. Often, in these patients, soft and hard tissue defects result from a variety of causes, such as infection, trauma, and tooth loss. These create an anatomically less favorable foundation for ideal implant placement. Reconstruction of the atrophic maxillary alveolar bone through a variety of regenerative surgical procedures has become predictable; it may be necessary prior to implant placement or simultaneously at the time of implant surgery to provide a restoration with a good long-term prognosis. Regenerative procedures are used for horizontal and vertical ridge augmentation. Many different techniques exist for effective bone augmentation. The approach is largely dependent on the extent of the defect and specific procedures to be performed for the implant reconstruction. It is most appropriate to use an evidenced-based approach when a treatment plan is being developed for bone augmentation cases. The cases presented in this article clinically demonstrate the efficacy of using a autogenous block graft, guided bone regeneration, ridge split, immediated implant placement technique on the atrophic maxillary area.

• IE interfaces
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.253-267
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• 2005

Customer satisfaction becomes one of the important managerial concerns associated with corporate competency in current competitive environment for Internet communication service companies. Hence, it is demanding to improve a company's customer satisfaction through the total quality management perspective. In practice, engineers as well as the management hope to find major quality characteristics with Internet communication network that is closely related to customer satisfaction, consequently aiming to the raise of their company's customer satisfaction. This paper presents an empirical relationship analysis between network quality characteristics and customer satisfaction on Internet communication. Methodologically, the relationship analysis framework is based on the regression variable selection procedures. In this framework, it is implemented that; 1) iterative model building; and 2) consistent criteria application to statistical tests for selecting significant variables. A case study shows that; 1) the customer satisfaction on the network connection seems to be more closely related to the network quality characteristics compared with the customer satisfaction on the network speed; and 2) the download disconnection rate has relatively evident relationship with the customer satisfaction on the network connection.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.3-26
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• 2016

The preferential Rules of Origin (RoO) govern tariff preferences that are given in accordance with the FTA. However, relatively few studies have been devoted to the procedures in settling disputes that are relevant to RoO under the FTA. This study is a first attempt at analyzing the applicability and the potential improvement in dispute settlement procedures in FTAs targeted at the preferential RoO. By exploring three dispute cases involving the preferential RoO, it is suggested that restrictiveness, complexity, and uncertainty that are inherent in the preferential RoO may trigger political tension and dispute. Forming a panel that is capable of mitigating political tension, facilitating participation and early cooperation of experts and stakeholders, and establishing a well-structured enforcement procedure are essential in dispute settlement procedures to resolve disputes involving cases on RoO. Furthermore, the current dispute settlement procedure that hinders the private sector's access should be changed to one that is more open to private sector entities, such as companies, to facilitate the enforcement of the decision. Given that more improved FTA dispute settlement procedure may guarantee the enforcement and application of the FTA preferential treatment in relation with more politically powerful states and foster genuine free trades, more in-depth studies must be conducted on this topic.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.67-69
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• 2018

The development of office-based, unsedated transnasal esophagoscopy (TNE) has proven to be a major technological advance and with time and experience the application of this technology is becoming more widespread. TNE has allowed otolaryngologists to perform a variety of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in the office setting. Studies consistently demonstrate that the image quality and diagnostic capability of TNE is equivalent to conventional esophagoscopy. The modern TNE endoscopes offer high quality optics, air-insufflation, and irrigation capability through a 2-mm working channel, and the ability to perform biopsies and select procedures. In general, the role of TNE in the head and neck patient is three-fold : to screen for synchronous and metachronous esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) ; to differentiate post-treatment changes/symptoms from malignancy ; and to perform certain office-based procedures. TNE offers many specific advantages to the head and neck patient that are not afforded by conventional esophagoscopy. Because of surgical and postirradiation changes, many HNSCC patients have trismus or neck stiffness preventing completion of conventional transoral esophagoscopy. Perhaps most importantly, TNE provides enhanced patient safety, increased tolerability, better practice efficiency, and cost savings. For these reasons, TNE has become a particularly useful tool in the otolaryngologist's armamentarium.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.13-21
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• 1984

Subtraction is an essential technic to improve imaging quality in various radiological procedures. The limitations of subtraction, however, are well known. Blurred under-subtraction (BUS) method has been suggested to overcome and compensate these limitations. Ten cases of angiography were subtracted by conventional subtraction and BUS technic. Results of this study revealed that BUS method is simple to perform and imaging quality obtained by BUS is excellent. Comparing to conventional subtraction, BUS method has advantages. For example, BUS need no mask film or no immobilization of patient during examination. Improvement of imaging Qualify is achieved by edge enhancement, homogeneous blurring of background density and increasing contrast. With emphasis of its simplicity in technic, we would report that BUS method is a useful adjunct imaging technic in various radiological procedures.

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.337-343
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• 2003

Nanostructured Cu-$Al_2O_3$ composite powders were synthesized by thermochemical process. The synthesis procedures are 1) preparation of precursor powder by spray drying of solution made from water-soluble copper and aluminum nitrates, 2) air heat treatments to evaporate volatile components in the precursor powder and synthesis of nano-structured CuO + $Al_2O_3$, and 3) CuO reduction by hydrogen into pure Cu. The suggested procedures stimulated the formation of the gamma-$Al_2O_3$, and different alumina formation behaviors appeared with various heat treating temperatures. The mean particle size of the final Cu/$Al_2O_3$ composite powders produced was 20 nm, and the electrical conductivity and hardness in the hot-extruded bulk were competitive with Cu/$Al_2O_3$ composite by the conventional internal oxidation process.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.25 no.12
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• pp.54-59
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• 2011

LED lightings typically do not fail catastrophically during use. However, over time the light output will gradually depreciate. Even if there are same LED lighting, they are so different at all. because of dissimilar the use and environment of each LED lighting. In this paper, we make a description of reliability analysis procedures for the degradation data using collected field data. Reliability analysis procedures are consisted of estimating degradation models and failure time, verification of distribution and parameters of the distribution, and reliability measures estimation. At some point in time, the light emitted from an LED lightings depreciates to a level where it is no longer considered adequate for a specific application.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.241-246
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• 2003

In this paper, necessity and application scope of the risk-analysis D/B which assesses the railway safety condition has been introduced. In addition, normalization of analysis work, which is one of the DB development procedures has been conducted. And the structure of accident data management has been introduced through the analysis on the classification scheme used in Korea. Also the improvement of railway accident classification and management scheme which is necessary to accident risk assesment has been presented by these procedures.

• Proceedings of the Membrane Society of Korea Conference
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• 1993.04a
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• pp.1-11
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• 1993

Cartridge filters are widely used in liquid-solid separation processes. To select a proper filter system for the requirements of a given application, a knowledge of filter efficiency and dirt capacity is required. The filter manufacturer needs to provide data which are based on test procedures simulating real parameters on a laboratory scale. There does not exist at present a standard for liquid filter testing (with the exception of the Multipass Test to ISO4752 for hydraulic filters). Users have to work with data based on different test procedures. This paper will discuss principles of filter testing, efficiency andd dirt capacity results as a function of test parameters, and data interpretion to provide a guideline for the end user.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2009.09a
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• pp.359-366
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• 2009

The present paper analyzes and discusses the effect of facing system and staged construction in GRS (geosynethetic reinforced soil) walls for railway structures throughout various case analyses. The result shows that postconstruction facing system by staged construction procedures is more advantageous for railway structure construction than preconstruction and simultaneous construction facing system with reinforced soil.