• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.301-306
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to make clear the cross-ventilation effect by floor plan type in apartment house during summer. The questionnaire survey was carried out during the 26$^{th}$ of August ${\sim}$ the 4$^{th}$ of September 2004. The respondents were 174 residents living in two subject apartment estates. One subject estate (we call A estate) was consisted apartment houses having cross-ventilation floor plan. The other subject estate (we cail B estate) was constructed apartment houses having ordinary floor plan. The field measurements of indoor thermal elements reflecting natural cooling effect by cross-ventilation were carried out at A house in A estate and at B house in B estate. The measurements in two subject houses were taken on simultaneously the 27$^{th}$ of August. The residents living in A apartment estate planed cross-ventilation type show positive responses on thermal sensation and airflow sensation. The averages indoor temperature and air velocity in the A house were 0.9 $^{\circ}$C lower and 0.29 m/s higher than the B house. Therefore, it was found that indoor thermal environment during summer in the house having cross-ventilation floor plan maintained more comfortable than the house having ordinary floor plan by natural cooling effect of cross-ventilation.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.202-211
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• 2007

Ventilation system is being recommended as an effective tool to improve indoor air quality (IAQ) in apartment houses. Recently, in Korea, apartment house suppliers must establish ventilation system in apartment houses in law. In this study, improvement of IAQ by establishing mechanical ventilation system at apartment house was investigated by mockup test. Seven apartment houses were arranged for the test and improvement of IAQ was examined under the various conditions of ventilation rates, ventilator type and duct works. The results of this study show that IAQ in the test houses which were established mechanical ventilation system was improved about from 30% to 40% compared with IAQ in the apartment house which was not established ventilation system. However, there were no apparent concentration differences between the cases of changing ventilation rates, ventilator types and ductworks.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.174-182
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• 2012

In previous research, most occupant said that they have not operated ventilation system installed in the house, because of increasing of energy consumption and unconcern of ventilation. Therefore, it is necessary to applied the sensor based demand controlled ventilation for the IAQ(Indoor Air Quality) and improvement of energy efficiency in ventilation strategy. The propose of this study is to present a application method of IR(Infrared) sensor for multi-zone DCV(Demand Controlled Ventilation) in the apartment house. It is possible that IR sensor could be used for DCV, because that could detect the occupant and action. IR sensor based DCV strategies are established to evaluate characteristic of application in the apartment house and simulated by Contam program. As a result, they have some week points though, if they would be applied DCV with optimum strategy, it would be useful to improve IAQ, to reduce energy consumption.

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.502-507
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• 2009

Trend of mechanical ventilation system applied to apartment house is introduced and feasibility study on installation of the individual room control ventilation as energy-saving method is carried out through field experiment. While initial cost of installation for the individual room control ventilation increases, the running cost is lower than the individual household control ventilation due to automatic flow rate control and reduction of fan power, and the management cost also decreases due to extension of use life of components. As the results of field experiment on $115m^2$-type apartment house, the individual room control ventilation could save the amount of 1,459.5Wh/day when compared with the individual room control ventilation

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.409-415
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• 2008

Recently, Indoor air quality (IAQ) is one of the most important problem in our daily life of modern societies. Mechanical ventilation system is being recommended as an effective method to improve IAQ in apartment houses. And then, in Korea, building industry should install ventilation system in apartment house by the building construction code. In this study, to improve IAQ caused by microbial and chemical contaminant such as bacteria and TVOC, three types of mechanical ventilation system of apartment house including HRV were simulated by multizone modeling. Simulation results suggest an appropriate and economical renovation method of apartment house ventilation system for reducing indoor air contamination.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.71-79
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• 2005

In this study, the ventilation performance of mechanical ventilation system in apartment House was analyzed through model test according to characteristics of air-vent. Then adequate interval of air-vent was suggested using computer simulation which will create comfort environment through improvement of ventilation performance in apartment house. The result of experiment with separation plate to prevent mixture of contaminated exhaust air with fresh supply air, the ventilation efficiency improved about 10%. The result of simulation with horizontal location of exterior air-vent, contaminated exhaust air is mixed regardless of interval variation. Consequently, mixture of the exhaust air can be prevented through locating the supply air vent on the top side and exhaust air vent on the lower side.

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.1137-1143
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• 2006

The purpose of this research lays on examining the adequacy of the hybrid ventilation system. The hybrid ventilation system must satisfy the next to be used. Firstly, the cold-draft phenomenon must not exist in the occupied zone. Secondly, the condensation must not happen on the surfaces of vents. Thirdly, the flow of make-up air must be happened in an each space by exhausted air of a rest room and living room. We used an examination and CFD method to verify these. Trough the examination of air-vents, We confirmed that the cold-draft to be induced by make-up air does not happen and could not find the condensation in the limits of outdoor temperature higher than 265K. Through CFD simulation, We confirmed that the rapid temperature change existed only within 0.5m the occupied zone and the flow of air was happened in an each space by only exhausted air in the rest room and living room. Consequently, the hybrid system is possible method to an apartment house.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.541-548
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• 2006

A hybrid ventilation system was introduced to predict the ventilation performance of the apartments. This ventilation system was composed of the natural supply-air inlet and the forced exhaust-air outlet. Analysis was conducted by CFD technique and was performed on three ventilating flow rates; 30, 60, $120m^3/h$. As the results, residents feel comfortable thermally for $60m^3/h$. In the case of $120m^3/h$, however, residents feel uncomfortable both thermally and in air currents. In this study the energy saving for space heating is also an important factor. In the case of whole region with $180m^3/h$, residents feel comfortable at each region of the model apartment. It is shown that this hybrid ventilation system is possible method for the apartment house.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.11-16
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• 2005

The recent trends of high-density and high-rise in apartment housing have caused the problems of decrease in ventilation rates and increase of indoor pollutant contaminants. SHS(Sick House Syndrome) has now become a major issue and threats the health of residents. To solve these indoor air problems, increase in ventilation rate is considered as one of the most efficient approach. Thus, the recent housing development is pursuing improvement in the site design and the layout of apartment building blocks to promote natural ventilation is now investigated as one of the fundamental solutions. This study was focused on the air flow characteristics of outdoor environment in an apartment complex to keep the pollutants out of the site. Age of air and pressure difference have been used as indices of the outdoor air quality. Four different types of apartment building layouts have been analyzed by CFD simulation. This study again selected a real apartment housing complex as a case study model. By analyzing the pressure differences between the front and rear of an apartment building block, the ventilation performance in each individual unit was evaluated, and its impact on ventilation performance is investigated by analyzing the stagnant air around the apartment building blocks. During this process, existing patterns of apartment housing layout have been evaluated, and the most appropriate site layout has been chosen to analyze the outdoor airflow patterns. Based on the analysis of airflow patterns of site layout, the possibilities of improving ventilation performance of an individual apartment housing is proposed.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.142-148
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to suggest the effective ventilation strategies and control methods that can minimize energy cost maintaining acceptable IAQ level in apartment house. The effects of the air-cleaning and heat-recovery ventilation system on IAQ under various operating conditions are investigated based on the experimental and CFD analyzed results. The results can be summarized as follows. (1) When a ventilator is not operated, the concentration of several pollutants may highly show in the house even though environment-friendly building materials are applied. Therefore, a mechanical ventilation system is required to obtain proper ventilation. (2) The pollutant concentration is noticeably deceased under air-cleaning/ventilation mode of air-clinic system, however, pollutant of kitchen is stagnant, because fresh air is not carried into the kitchen. (3) When air-clinic system is only equipped at master bedroom and living room, the system does not effectively deliver fresh air throughout the whole house, and then high pollutant concentration is obtained in each room. In contrast the average pollutant concentration meets the guideline when air-clinic system is installed at each room. (4) The air-cleaning/ventilation mode significantly affects on room ventilation in comparison with ventilation mode only.