• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.389-397
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• 1984

Sixty cases of open heart surgery were performed in the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery of Chonbuk National University Hospital from July, 1983 to June, 1984. The patients were consisted of 40 [66%] congenital anomalies containing 26 [43%] patients of acyanotic group and 4 [23%] of cyanotic group, and 20 [34%] acquired heart diseases which involved one or more cardiac valves. The male patients were 42 and the female 18. In 20 valvular heart diseases, open mitral commissurotomy was done in 5 patients, mitral valvular replacement with tissue valve in 6, mitral valvular replacement with mechanical valve in 5, mitral valvular replacement with tricuspid annuloplasty in 2, mitral annuloplasty in 1, and mitral and aortic valvular replacements with mechanical valves in 1. The most frequency complication was low cardiac output syndrome occurred in 9, and the next was urethral stenosis, ARDS, and postoperative bleeding, etc. The perioperative mortality was 21% in congenital cyanotic heart disease, 12% in congenital acyanotic heart disease, and 5% in acquired heart disease.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.119-126
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• 1979

This is one case report of the extremely rare congenital cardiac malformation, Double-outlet of left ventricle in corrected transposition of great arteries. 11-year-old boy complained acrocyanosis and exertional dyspnea, the parents noticed cyanosis since birth. Physical examination revealed acrocyanosis, clubbed fingers and toes, G-III pansystolic murmur on 2nd and 3rd ICS, LSB. Right heart catheterization revealed significant $O_2$ jump in ventricular level. Right and left ventriculography showed the both catheters arriving in the same ventricle i.e. anterior chamber, morphological left ventricle was in right and anterior position, simultaneous visualization of aorta and pulmonary artery and aorta locating anterior and right side of pulmonary artery. Echo cardiogram surely disclosed interventricular septum. Conclusively it was clarified that the patient has Double-outlet of left ventricle and corrected transposition of great arteries [S.L.D.]. Operation was performed to correct the anomalies under extracorporeal circulation with intermittent moderate hypothermia. Right-sided ventriculotomy disclosed the following findings. 1. Right-sided ventricle was morphological left ventricle. 2. Left-sided ventricle was morphological right ventricle. 3. Right side atrioventricular valve was bicuspid. 4. Left side atrioventricular valve was tricuspid. 5. Aortic valve was superior, anterior and right side of pulmonary valve. 6. Subpulmonary membranous stenosis. 7. Non-committed ventricular septal defect. We made a tunnel between VSD and aorta with Teflon patch so that arterial blood comes through VSD and the tunnel into aorta. After correction the patient needed assisted circulation for 135 min. to have adequate blood pressure. Postoperatively by any means, adequate blood pressure could not be maintained and expired in the evening of operation day.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.112-114
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• 2016

The half-turned truncal switch (HTTS) operation has been reported as an alternative to the Rastelli or $r{\acute{e}}paration$ $\grave{a}$ $l^{\prime}{\acute{e}}tage$ ventriculaire procedures. HTTS prevents left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction in patients with complete transposition of the great arteries (TGA) with a ventricular septal defect (VSD) and pulmonary stenosis (PS), or in those with a Taussig-Bing anomaly with PS. The advantages of the HTTS procedure are avoidance of late LVOT or right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) obstruction, and of overstretching of the pulmonary artery. We report the case of a patient who underwent HTTS for TGA with VSD and PS, in whom there was no LVOT obstruction and only mild aortic regurgitation and mild RVOT obstruction, including observations at 12-year follow-up. Our experience with long-term follow-up of HTTS supports a solution for late complications after the Rastelli procedure.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.609-619
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• 1989

During aortic valve surgery, cardioplegic solution is delivered through direct cannulation of both coronary ostia. Since this approach may cause an intimal injury leading to acute dissection or late ostial stenosis, this study was undertaken to evaluate myocardial protective effect of retrograde perfusion of cardioplegia [RCSP <% RRAP] in 18 clinical cases, which were compared with antegrade perfusion of cardioplegia in 27 clinical cases. This study were investigated 1] cease and return of electromechanical activity after cardioplegia infusion 2] the myocardial temperature during operation 3] the aortic cross clamping time and total bypass time 4] frequency of DC shock for defibrillation 5] need for inotropic drugs after operation 6] electrocardiographic evidence of myocardial infarction or ventricular arrhythmia after operation 7] the enzymes activity during preoperative and postoperative period as an evaluation of myocardial ischemic injury and 8] operative mortality rate The combination of retrograde cardioplegia and topical cooling with ice slush yielded promptly hypothermia of myocardium and shorter aortic cross-clamping time compared with antegrade cardioplegia [P < 0.05]. The temperature of the interventricular septum was maintained below 20oC by continuous perfusion or intermittent perfusion of cold blood cardioplegia and other results were no statistically significant difference between the two methods [P >0.05]. This technique provides clear operative field and avoids some serious complications which are caused by coronary ostial cannulation. These results suggested that the retrograde perfusion of cardioplegia is a simple, safe, and effective means of myocardial protection during open heart surgery.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제26권8호
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• pp.604-608
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• 1993

Coarctation of aorta is rather common congenital cardiovascular disease in the western contries, but it is known to be less than 2 % in Korea. From June 1986 to December 1992, seven patients of surgically treated coarctation of aorta who were less than 2 years old, were experienced at Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Yeungnam University Hospital. The patients included six male and one female, with ages in the range of one month and 24 months. Four patients were preductal type and three juxtaductal. Associated cardiac anomalies were present in all patients and they were PDA[6 cases], ASD[3], VSD[2], bicuspid aortic valve[2], aortic stenosis[1], mitral regurgitation[1], and tricuspid regurgitation[1]. The operative procedures were four end to end anastomosis and three subclavian flap aortoplasty. Mean aortic cross clamping times were 37.3 minutes in patients with end to end anastomosis and 30.3 minutes in patients with subclavian flap aortoplasty. There were two operative deaths in patients who were treated with subclavian flap aortoplasty and pulmonary artery banding. One patient who had been treated with subclavian flap aortoplasty was complicated with postoperative mild paraplegia in lower limb. Pulmonary artery banding has been disappointing in our patients, and the data was suggestive that earlier total repair of complicated coarctation might improve survival.

• Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.292-304
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• 2022

BACKGROUND: Calcium is a determinant of paravalvular leakage (PVL) after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). This is based on a fixed contrast attenuation value while X-ray attenuation is patient-dependent and without considering frame expansion and PVL location. We examined the role of calcium in (site-specific) PVL after TAVI using a patient-specific contrast attenuation coefficient combined with frame expansion. METHODS: 57 patients were included with baseline CT, post-TAVI transthoracic echocardiography and rotational angiography (R-angio). Calcium load was assessed using a patient-specific contrast attenuation coefficient. Baseline CT and post-TAVI R-angio were fused to assess frame expansion. PVL was assessed by a core lab. RESULTS: Overall, the highest calcium load was at the non-coronary-cusp-region (NCR, 436 mm³) vs. the right-coronary-cusp-region (RCR, 233 mm³) and the left-coronary-cusp-region (LCR, 244 mm³), p < 0.001. Calcium load was higher in patients with vs. without PVL (1,137 vs. 742 mm³, p = 0.012) and was an independent predictor of PVL (odds ratio, 4.83, p = 0.004). PVL was seen most often in the LCR (39% vs. 21% [RCR] and 19% [NCR]). The degree of frame expansion was 71% at the NCR, 70% at the RCR and 74% at the LCR without difference between patients with or without PVL. CONCLUSIONS: Calcium load was higher in patients with PVL and was an independent predictor of PVL. While calcium was predominantly seen at the NCR, PVL was most often at the LCR. These findings indicate that in addition to calcium, specific anatomic features play a role in PVL after TAVI.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.363-365
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• 2008

부승모판막(accessory mitral valve tissue)은 매우 드문 선천성 심장병이며, 좌심실 유출로 협착(left ventricular outflow tract obstruction)의 드문 원인 중의 하나이다. 심수축기시에 부승모판막이 낙하산처럼 펴지며 잡아당기고 있어서 앞승모판막첨(anterior mitral valve leaflet)이 좌심실 유출로 쪽으로 당겨지면서 유출로 협착을 유발한다. 저자들은 본 환자에서 심초음파 검사를 통해 대동맥판막하 협착(subaortic stenosis)의 진단 하에 수술을 하였으며, 수술 중 부승모판막을 화인하고 수술을 하였기에 증례 보고를 하는 바이다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제34권12호
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• pp.948-951
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• 2001

본 43세 여환은 심장판막질환으로 진단 받은 후 별다른 치료 없이 지내던 중 내원 전 심해진 호흡곤란으로 입원 치료중 신경학적 이상이 발생되어 중복판막협착 및 폐쇄부전증, 뇌동맥 색전증의 진단 하에 수술 시행하였다. 수술시 좌심실 배부와 승모판막륜 주변에 유두상의 조직들이 다수 발견되었다. 술후 신경학적 이상은 더 이상 보이지 않았고 병리조직학적 검사상 류마치스성 판막소엽에 동반된 유두상 섬유탄력종이 진단되었다. 환자는 수술 후에 잘 회복하였으며, 현재 외래에서 추적 관찰중이다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.305-310
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• 2009

배경: Ross 수술은 대동맥 질환을 가진 소아 환자에서 좋은 치료 방법으로 알려져 있으나, 국내에서는 이에 대한 보고가 드물다. 이 연구는 소아에서의 Ross수술에 관하여 아산병원의 10년 동안의 중기 성적을 조사하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1997년 3월부터 2008년 10월까지 16세 이하인 18명의 환자가 Ross 수술을 시행 받았다. 남자 환자는 11명, 여자 환자는 7명이었다. 환자의 중위수 나이는 8.5세 ($0.5\sim14$세)였다. 대동맥 판막 병태생리는 대동맥 부전증이 6예, 대동맥 협착증이 4예, 대동맥 협착부전증이 7례 그리고 감염성 심내막염이 1예였다. 판막 형태는 이첨판이 11예, 삼첨판이 7예였다. 모든 환자의 수술은 근부 치환술로 시행하였다. 폐동맥 판막은 심막으로 만든 단엽판막 팻취를 사용한 1예를 제외하고, 모두 동종이식 판막으로 대치되었다. 추적 관찰의 평균 기간은 52.8개월이었다($5.8\sim138.2$개월), 심장 초음파 자료를 검토하여 자가이식 판막 부전, 동종 이식 판막 부전, 그리고 재수술 여부를 조사하였다. 결과: 추적 관찰 기간중 병원 내 사망과 후기 사망은 없었다. 2예에서 자가이식 판막 부전이 2등급이었고, 4예에서 자가이식 판막 부전이 1등급이었으며 나머지 경우는 역류가 없거나 근소하였다. 폐동맥 위치 도관에 의한 재수술이 3명에서 4회 있었다. 5년 재수술이 없는 생존률은 72.2%였다. 연속적인 경과 관찰에서, 대동맥륜(aortic annulaus)과 대동맥굴(aortic sinus)의 z-value는 수술 전 $1.6{\pm}1.7/0.9{\pm}1.7$에서 마지막 검사에서 $1.8{\pm}1.6$ (p=0.64)/$2.2{\pm}0.9$ (p=0.01)로 변화되었다. 신대동맥 근부의 성장과 신대동맥 부전의 의미 있는 연관성은 없었다. 결론: 소아 환자에서 Ross수술의 중기 결과는 좋은 자가이식판막의 기능과 성장 잠재력을 보여줬다. 그러나, 동종 이식 판막의 기능 부전으로 인한 재수술은 주요 문제로 관찰되었다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.200-208
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• 2007

배경: 대동맥판막 치환술 후 발생하는 환자-인공판막 부조화(patient-prosthesis mismatch, PPM)가 환자의 경과에 어떠한 영향을 주는가에 대해서는 아직 논란의 여지가 있다. 이 연구는 대동맥판막 치환술 후 PPM이 발생한 환자군과 PPM을 예방하기 위해 대동맥판륜 확장술을 시행한 환자군 간의 수술 결과와 경과를 비교해 보았다. 대상 및 방법: 1996년 1월부터 2006년 2월까지 stent가 있는 조직판막 혹은 기계판막을 이용하여 대동맥판막 치환술을 시행 받은 627명의 성인 환자를 연구대상으로 하였다. 치환된 대동맥판막의 indexed effective orifice area (iEOA)가 $0.85cm^2/m^2$ 이하인 경우를 PPM으로 정의 하였고 $0.65cm^2/m^2$ 이하는 심한 PPM으로 정의하였다 PPM은 103명(16.4%, PPM군)에서 발생하였고 심한 PPM은 11명(1.8%, SPPM군)에서 발생하였다. 동일한 연구 기간 동안 대동맥판륜 확장술을 시행 받은 환자(Annular Enlargement군, AE)는 모두 21명이었다. 결과: AE군의 평균 iEOA는 PPM군보다 더 컸다($0.95\;vs.\;0.76cm^2/m^2,\;p=0.00$). AE군은 PPM군보다 심폐바이패스 시간, 심장허혈 시간 및 수술 시간이 더 길었으며 수술 사망률이 더 높은 경향을 보였다(14.3% vs. 2.9%, p=0.06). 술 후 가장 최근에 시행한 심초음파 검사에서 SPPM군은 대동맥판막 판구 압력차(최고/평균)가 AE군보다 더 높게 나타났으며(72/45 mmHg vs. 38/25 mmHg, p=0.02/0.06), 대동맥판막 관련 문제(대동맥판막 재치환술 혹은 심한 대동맥판막 협착)가 더 많이 발생하였다(45.5% vs. 9.5%, p=0.03). 또한 대동맥판막 관련 문제가 발생한 환자들에서는 좌심실 심근량 감축(regression)을 관찰할 수 없었다. 결론: 협소한 대동맥판륜을 가진 환자에서 대동맥판륜 확장술의 시행여부는 대동맥판륜 확장술 자체의 위험도와 환자 상태 및 동반 질환 등을 함께 고려하여 신중히 결정하여야 한다. 하지만 대동맥판막 치환술 후 심한 PPM이 예상되는 환자에서는 대동맥판륜 확장술이 대안으로 이용될 수 있다.