• 한국심리학회지:학교
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.243-264
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• 2018

본 연구는 고등학생의 사회부과 완벽주의가 우울 및 사회불안에 미치는 영향 관계에서 자기초점적 주의와 자기비난의 매개효과를 검증하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 경기도 소재의 인문계 고등학교에 재학 중인 남녀 고등학생 273명(남학생 83명, 여학생 190명)을 대상으로 약 3주간의 간격을 두고 총 2회에 걸쳐 사회부과 완벽주의, 사회불안, 우울, 자기초점적 주의, 자기비난의 척도에 대한 설문을 실시하였다. 분석 결과, 첫째, 사회부과 완벽주의, 우울, 사회불안, 자기초점적 주의, 자기비난 사이에 모두 정적인 상관관계가 있었다. 둘째, 사회부과 완벽주의가 자기초점적 주의를 거쳐 우울로 이행되는 매개경로는 통계적으로 유의하였으나, 사회부과 완벽주의가 자기비난을 거쳐 우울로 이행되는 매개효과는 유의하지 않았다. 셋째, 우울 대신 사회불안을 기준변인으로 했을 때도 동일한 매개효과 패턴이 관찰되었다. 본 연구 결과는 사회부과 완벽주의가 자기초점적 주의를 매개로 하여 각각 우울 및 사회불안으로 이행되는 과정을 경험적으로 밝혔고, 특히 사회불안의 경우에는 한국 고등학생을 대상으로 Clark와 Wells의 사회불안장애 인지모델을 적용하는 것의 타당성에 대한 간접적인 증거가 될 수 있음을 증명하였다. 끝으로 본 연구의 의의 및 제한점, 후속 연구를 위한 제언을 논의하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.159-164
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• 2015

Objectives : The current study investigated the risk of smartphone addiction among children and adolescents with or without attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), risk of depression, anxiety, and self-esteem using the Smartphone Addiction Scale Proneness, Kovac's Children's Depression Inventory, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, commonly used in clinical medicine. Methods : Ninety five students with ADHD who visited psychiatry outpatient clinics completed the questionnaire. At the same time, 592 middle and high school students living in a similar area regardless of ADHD diagnosis, completed the questionnaire as control subjects. Results : Overall, 40.0% of 95 ADHD and 12.8% of 592 control subjects were classified as the smartphone addiction proneness group, 26.3% of the ADHD subjects and 8.3% of the control group were classified as the depression group, and 32.6% of the ADHD subjects and 16.2% of the control group were classified as the anxiety group. Significant differences were observed between the two groups. Conclusion : The results of this study suggest that ADHD subjects are more prone to smartphone addiction, becoming depressed or anxious than those in the control group. From this study, we could suggest that students with ADHD are more easily affected by smartphone addiction than normal control subjects. In addition, we might understand how some psychiatric problems like depression, anxiety, and low self-esteem are related to ADHD and smartphone addiction.

• 우울조울병
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.140-151
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• 2018

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine effects of adjunctive aripiprazole versus bupropion, on depressive symptoms of female depression. Methods : Sixty six female patients with major depressive disorders were enrolled from a six-week, randomized prospective open-label multi-center study. Participants were randomized to receive aripiprazole (2.5-10 mg/day) or bupropion (150-300 mg/day). Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale, 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating scale (HAM-D17), Iowa Fatigue Scale, Drug-Induced Extrapyramidal Symptoms Scale, Psychotropic-Related Sexual Dysfunction Questionnaire scores, and Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) were obtained at baseline and after one, two, four, and six weeks. Changes on individual items of HAM-D17 were assessed as well as on composite scales (anxiety, insomnia and drive), and on four core subscales that capture core depression symptoms. Results : Overall, both treatments improved depressive symptoms, without causing serious adverse events. There were significant differences in the HAM-D17 total score (p=0.046) and CGI-S (p=0.004), between aripiprazole and bupropion augmentation, favoring aripiprazole over bupropion. Aripiprazole revealed significantly greater effect size in depressed mood (p=0.006), retardation (p=0.005), anxiety psychic (p=0.032), and general somatic symptom (p=0.01). Conclusion : While both treatments were effective, results of this study suggested that aripiprazole may be preferable, in treating general and core symptoms of female depression.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.291-299
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• 2016

어린이집 교사는 과도한 업무 및 지속적인 스트레스에 노출되어 소진 등의 여러 가지 정신적 문제를 나타낼 수 있다. 본 연구는 어린이집 교사의 소진뿐만 아니라 주의력결핍 과잉행동장애 증상, 우울, 불안, 자존감, 충동성, 자살사고, 삶의 질의 관련성에 대해 광범위하게 평가하였다. 또한 회귀분석을 이용하여 어린이집 교사의 소진위험군에 대해서 대조군에 비해 주의력결핍 과잉행동장애 증상, 우울, 불안, 자존감, 충동성, 자살사고, 삶의 질의 위험도를 평가하였다. 2015년 4월부터 7월까지 ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$시에 거주하는 어린이집 교사 310명을 대상으로 설문평가를 시행하였다. 이중에서 소진위험군에 해당하는 군은 80명이었다. 모든 대상군에서 한국형 성인 주의력결핍과잉행동장애척도, 벡 우울척도, 벡 불안척도, 바렛 충동성척도, 로젠버그 자존감 척도, 자살사고 척도, 삶의 질 척도 등을 평가하였다. 결과로서 소진위험군은 주의력결핍 과잉행동장애 증상, 우울, 불안, 자존감, 충동성, 자살사고, 삶의 질에서 대조군과 유의한 차이를 나타내었으며, 특히 회귀분석에서는 불안, 주의력결핍과잉행동장애, 충동성에서도 유의한 odds ratio를 나타내었다. 이는 어린이집 교사의 소진에는 불안 등의 정서적 위험요인 외에도 주의력결핍과잉행동장애, 충동성 등이 연관성을 나타내고 있으므로 이에 대한 중재적 노력이 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• 대한불안의학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.59-66
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• 2021

Objective : The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship among the degree of symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and social support, stress coping strategies, and self-esteem in patients with PTSD. Methods : A total of 48 patients meeting DSM-5 criteria for PTSD and 48 normal controls were recruited for participation in this study. We evaluated subjects using the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A), Hamilton Depression Scale (HAM-D), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) and The Ways of Stress Coping Questionnaire (SCQ). We analyzed data using an independent t-test and Pearson's correlation analysis. Results : In PTSD patients, total CAPS scores showed a significant positive correlation with HAM-A and HAM-D scores and a significant negative correlation with MSPSS scores. RSES scores showed a significant positive correlation with MSPSS and SCQ scores. MSPSS scores showed a significant negative correlation with PTSD avoidance and numbing and HAM-D scores. SCQ scores showed a significant negative correlation with PTSD avoidance and numbing. Conclusion : These results revealed that the better the stress coping strategies and social support, the lower the degree of symptoms in patients with PTSD. In addition, it was found that the higher the social support and self-esteem, the lower the degree of depression and anxiety. Therefore, in the treatment process, it seems important to identify and correct the self-esteem, social support system, and stress coping strategies of patients with PTSD.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권24호
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• pp.10887-10891
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• 2015

Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a well known major cause of gastric cancer and even when asymptomatic infected patients are at elevated risk. Functional dyspepsia (FD) is also one of the most common gastrointestinal diseases, which greatly impacts the quality of life. H. pylori infection and psychosocial stress are frequently associated with FD but limited studies have confirmed the relationships, especially in Southeast Asian countries. Here we aimed to investigate the prevalence and impact of H. pylori infection, anxiety and depression on Thai FD patients. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care center in Thailand, during February 2013-January 2014. All FD patients were diagnosed and categorized by Rome III criteria into epigastric pain syndrome (EPS) and postprandial distress syndrome (PDS) groups. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was used to evaluate psychological status. The presence of H. pylori was defined as positive with H. pylori culture, positive rapid urease test or positive histology. Results: Three hundred FD patients were included, 174 (58%) female. Overall mean age was 54.8+15.1 years. There were 192 (64%) patients with PDS and 108 (36%) with EPS. H. pylori infection was demonstrated in 70 (23.3%) patients. Anxiety and depression were documented in 69 (23%) and 22 (7.3%), respectively. H. pylori infection, anxiety and depression were significantly higher in PDS than EPS patients (27.1% vs 16.7%; p=0.04; OR=1.86; 95%CI=1.01-3.53 and 29.7% vs 11.1%; p=0.0002; OR=3.4; 95%CI=1.7-7.1 and 10.4% vs 1.9%; p=0.006; OR=6.2; 95%CI=1.4-38.9, respectively). Conclusions: H. pylori infection, anxiety and depression were commonly found in Thai FD patients and more prevalent in PDS than EPS. H. pylori eradication might be the key to success for the treatment of Thai FD patients and prevent the development of gastric cancer.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.123-130
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• 2021

Purpose: Despite the existence of Snoezelen method, there is no case of researching the effects on game addiction. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effects of Snoezelen therapy on stress, depression, anxiety and quality of life of college students who overuse computer games or mobile phone games. Methods: Eight students who responded to spend more than 30 hours of computer or mobile phone games in the selection questionnaire were recruited (The total respondents were 224 students). Students were randomly assigned to either the study group (4 students) or the control group (4 students). Stress (Korean version of Perceived Stress Scale, K-PSS), depression (Korean Screening Tool for Depression Disorders, K-DEP), Anxiety (Korean Beck Anxiety Inventory, K-BAI) and quality of life (Short Form Health Survey version 2 [SF-36]) were assessed three times (before intervention [pre], post-3 weeks [post 1], post-6 weeks [post 2]). Results: First, the study group (-4.75±3.86) and control group (1.00±2.71) showed significant difference (p<0.05) in the analysis of score changes between pre-test and test at 6 weeks (post 2) for K-DEP. Next, pre-test and test at 3 weeks of intervention (post 1) for K-BAI showed significant difference (p<0.05) in the study group (-2.50±1.91) and control group (2.25±2.99). In addition, pre-test and test at 6 weeks (post 2) showed significant difference (p<0.05) for the study group (-3.00±1.51) and control group (4.75±6.24). Conclusion: The study confirmed the possibility of Snoezelen therapy as a therapy method to induce effective responses in stress, depression, anxiety, and quality of life of college students with game addiction.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.112-120
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• 2009

Objectives : Depression is a common psychiatric disorder in cancer patients. The Brief Edinburgh Depression Scale(BEDS), which is an abbreviated version of the Edinburgh Depression Scale, may serve as a useful tool in screening for the depression in patients with the medical illnesses. This report investigated the reliability and validity of the Korean Version of the BEDS(K-BEDS) for the depression in cancer patients. Methods : One-hundred cancer patients were enrolled in this study. All subjects completed the K-BEDS, the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale(HADS), and the Karnofsky Performance Status Scale(KPSS). Reliability, validity and Receiver Operating Characteristic(ROC) curve analysis measures were assessed. Results : The K-BEDS showed good internal consistency(Cronbach ${\alpha}$=0.77) and test-retest reliability(0.94, p<0.001). All item-total correlations were above 0.3. Also, it revealed moderate correlation with the depression subscale of the HADS(r=0.617), but no correlation with the KPSS. Exploratory factor analysis produced only one factor, accounting for 47.1% of the total variance. The most valid cutoff value to screen for depression was a total score of 5 on the K-BEDS, which showed sensitivity of 62.5% and specificity of 86.4% with a positive predictive value of 4.60 and a negative predictive value of 0.43.

• 재활간호학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.61-71
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• 1999

This quasi-experimental study was intended to test the effect of self-help group program, which is one of the way to enhance adaptation and quality of life to mastectomy patients. Data was collected from July 14, 1998 to Oct. 31, 1998 at two Medical Center in Seoul. The subjects for this study were the patients who had undergone mastectomy and were follow-up ; 14 in experimental group and 14 in control group matched with age and treatment. The instruments for this study were adaptation in Lee(1994)'s physical symptom questionnaire, Zung's Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS, 1965), and Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS, 1970), quality of life in Spranger(1996)'s and No(1988)'s Quality of Life Questionnaire. The self-help group program for mastectomy patients was developed based on literature review and pilot study by the investigator. The subjects of experimental group were participated in 6 weeks self-help group program and were received arm and shoulder exercise, informational support, and interpersonal support by group members. The control group were received no intervention, Both group answered questionnaires prior to intervention and 6 weeks later. The data analyzed by frequency, $X^2$-test, Mann-Whitney U test. Wilcoxon Signed Rank test, Pearson's Correlation Coefficient and Stepwise Multiple Regression using SPSS WIN. The results are as follows ; Hypothesis 1. "The experimental group with the self-help group program will have a higher score on adaptation state than control group." was not supported. But the post test score of anxiety and depression in experimental group were declined and the depression score was reduced relatively. Hypothesis 2. "The experimental group with the self-help group program will have a higher score on quality of life than control group." was not supported. But the posttest score of quality of life in experimental group was reduced relatively. Hypothesis 3. "The higher adaptation state of mastectomy patients, the higher quality, of life." was supported(r=,80, p<.001). Additionally, the lower physical symptom, depression and anxiety, the higher quality of life And depression, which was the main predictor of quality of life, accounted for 59.5%, depression and anxiety accounted for 65.5% of the variance in quality of life. In conclusion, when the self-help group program was intervened to mastectomy patients, it was tended to increase quality of life and to reduce depression and anxiety. So self-help group program can be considered useful nursing inter vention effect on adaptation and quality of life of mastectomy patients. With discussion, I suggest repeated further re search on self-help group with appropriate sample size and longitudinal study. Also during adjuvant therapy, it is needed to develop convenient method to be supported from peer group and family, such as computer mediated support group.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.136-141
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• 2014

Objectives : The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between internet game addiction and psychiatric symptoms. Methods : A total of 447 adolescents who were recruited from a child and adolescent psychiatric clinic of university hospital completed a self-report questionnaire consisting of Korean Internet Addiction Self-scale (K-scale), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Korean-Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Rating Scale (K-ARS), and Adolescent Happiness Index (AHI). They were classified into three internet user groups, non-addicted group (below or equal to 94), potential risk group (95 to 107) and high risk group (above or equal to 108) according to K-scale total score. Results : Significant mean differences in BDI, BAI, K-ARS, and AHI scores were observed among the three groups. The BDI, BAI and K-ARS scores showed positive correlation with K-score. The AHI score showed negative correlation with K-score. Conclusion : Findings of this study suggest that depression, anxiety, inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity, and happiness are associated with internet game addiction.