• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.440-447
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• 2004

In this study the in vitro protective effects of several antioxidant vitamins (vitamin C, $\alpha$-tocopherol, $\beta$-carotene), fruits and vegetables (strawberry, tangerine, orange and 100％ orange juice, carrot juice), on the levels of isolated human lymphocyte DNA damage was measured using Comet assay. Comet assay has been used widely to assess the level of the DNA damage in the individual cells. Lymphocytes were pre-treated for 30 minutes with antioxidant vitamins (10, 50, 100, 500 $\mu$M) or fruits$.$vegetables (10, 100, 500, 1000 $\mu$g/ml), an4 then oxidatively challenged with 100 $\mu$M $H_2O$$_2$ for 5 min at 4$^{\circ}C$. The protective effect of antioxidant vitamins against DNA damage at a concentration of 50 $\mu$M were 50％ in vitamin C, 32％ in $\alpha$-tocopherol, whereas, fJ-carotene showed a 55％ protection at a dose as low as 10 $\mu$M. The inhibitory effects of DNA damage by strawberry, tangerine, orange, orange juices, carrot juices were 50 - 60％ with wide ranges of doses. The results of the present study indicate that most the antioxidant vitamins and fruits$.$vegetables juices produced a significant reduction in oxidative DNA damage.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.569-577
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• 2012

The physicochemical characteristics and biological activities, including antioxidant activity, antimutagenicity, and cytotoxicity of hot-water extract of fruiting body of Hericium erinaceus, were investigated in this study. Hot-water extract of fruiting body of Hericium erinaceus contained carbohydrate (7.86%), protein (10.91%), and ${\beta}$-glucan (3.62%). Water solubility of hot-water extract was 42.58%. Antioxidant activities of the extract were evaluated by ABTS assay and FRAP assay. The $IC_{50}$ value was 312.21 ${\mu}g/mL$ in ABTS assay. Antimutagenic activity of the extract was evaluated by Ames test. Antimutagenicity of hot-water extract (5 mg/mL) on Salmonella Typhimurium TA100 mutagenated by sodium azide (0.15 ${\mu}g/mg$) was 69.2%. Cytotoxicity of hot-water extract was also evaluated by MTT and SRB assay. The cytotoxicity was highest (83.95%) on Hep3B treated with 2,000 ${\mu}g/mL$ of hot-water extract in SRB assay. Therefore, it is suggested that hot-water extract of fruiting body of Hericium erinaceus has high antioxidant activity, antimutagenicity, and cytotoxicity.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.116-121
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• 2012

Water extract from Pinus densiflora (WPD) was investigated for its antioxidant activity and its ability to provide protection from DNA damage. A series of antioxidant assays, including a 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical-scavenging assay, a reducing power assay, a metal-chelating assay, a superoxide radical scavenging assay, and a nitrite scavenging ability, as well as a DNA damage protection assay were performed. Total phenolic content was found to be 211.32 mg Tan/g WPD. The extract scavenged 50% DPPH free radical at a concentration of 21.35 ${\mu}g/mL$. At that same concentration, the reducing power ability of WPD was higher than that of ${\alpha}$-tocopherol. The extract chelated 68.9% ferrous ion at the concentration of 4 mg/mL. WPD showed better nitrite scavenging effect at the lower pH. Meanwhile, WPD exhibited a strong capability for DNA damage protection at 1 mg/mL concentration. Taken together, these data suggest water extract from Pinus densiflora could be used as a suitable natural antioxidant.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.226-231
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• 2003

Reactive oxygen species damage biomolecules such as lipids, proteins, sugars and DNA, which can not only lead to various disease but also oxidative damage resulting aging. In order to search for antioxidants from plants, the antioxidant effects of the MeOH extracts from 182 plants were evaluated. The results showed that thirteen plant extracts exhibited antioxidant activity (>80%) in DPPH radical assay, seven plant extracts demonstrated antioxidant activity (>40%) in the hydroxyl radical assay and eighteen plant extracts were active (>80%) in the lipid peroxidation assay. In particular, the extracts of Distylium racemosum (Hamamelidaceae), Astilbe koreana (Saxifragaceae), Astilbe chinensis and Euphorbia supina (Euphorbiaceae) were identified as potent principles of antioxidant activity in all the assay systems.

• 약학회지
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.410-415
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• 2005

To investigate biological activity of noni extracts treated with HCl and trypsin, we measured the antioxidant activity through vitro assay and cellular system. Both water and lipid soluble fraction of noni extracts dose-dependently scav­enged DPPH radical. Superoxide scavenging activity of lipid soluble fraction after treating HCl and trypsin was significantly more potent than those of other fractions in NBT/xanthine oxidase assay, which suggests that antioxidant activity of noni extracts was increased by the treatment with HCl and trypsin. In antioxidant assay using RBL 2H3 cells, water soluble frac­tion of noni extracts had little effect on silica-induced reactive oxygen species generation, whereas lipid soluble fraction inhibited in a dose dependent manner. In non-treated noni extracts, effect of water soluble fraction on silica/$CuSO_4$-induced lipid peroxidation was more potent than that of lipid soluble fraction. However, the effects of noni extracts were reversed in noni extracts treated with HCl and trypsin. These data suggest that water soluble substances may be converted into lipid soluble substances by the treatment with HCl and trypsin. From the above results, it is suggested that lipid soluble fraction of noni extracts contain antioxidant used in vitro assay and RBL 2H3 cellular system. Such an effect of noni extracts may be increased by the treatment with HCl and trypsin.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.207-212
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• 2009

Celandine (Chelidonium majus, family Papaveraceae) is an herb used extensively in traditional Korean medicine. To investigate its antioxidant and antiproliferative activities, the methanolic extract of celandine was introduced. The antioxidant properties of the extract were tested using various in vitro systems, including hydroxyl radical scavenging assay, DNA damage protection assay, 1,1-diphenyll-2-2-pricylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity, metal chelating activity, and reducing power assay. The extract exhibited stronger antioxidant activity ($IC_{50}=7.92{\mu}g/mL$) against hydroxyl radicals in the Fenton system than butylated hydroxyanisole ($IC_{50}=51.46{\mu}g/mL$) and $\alpha$-tocopherol ($IC_{50}=67.48{\mu}g/mL$). Likewise, damage to the plasmid pBR 322 induced by hydroxyl radicals was found to be protected by the extract at a concentration of $400{\mu}g/mL$. Cellular proliferation and the induction of apoptosis were also examined by a cellular proliferation assay, flow cytometry, and mRNA expression analysis. Taken together, the extract significantly inhibited the growth of HT-29 cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, and gradually increased both the proportion of apoptotic cells and the expression of caspase-3. Overall, our research suggests that celandine possesses antioxidant and antiproliferative properties.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.686-694
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• 2013

Shade treatment of Synurus deltoides (Aiton) Nakai was carried out with 0, 35, and 55% shading net, and samples were marked as no shade, 35% shade, and 55% shade, respectively. We examined in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacities using a 1,1-diphenyl-2-2-pricylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, a reducing power assay, a total antioxidant assay, a metal chelating assay, a superoxide radical scavenging assay, and a nitric oxide inhibition assay. As a result, no shade and 35% shade possessed higher DPPH radical scavenging activity and reducing power ability than that of 55% shade. Notably, no shade had significantly higher total phenolic and flavonoid contents than those in the other samples. No shade exhibited significantly higher total antioxidant activity than that of 35% shade and 55% shade. However, the chelating ability of 55% shade was significantly greater than that of no shade and 35% shade; 55% shade also showed significantly higher anti-inflammatory capacity than that of no shade or 35% shade.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.290-296
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• 2007

Glinus oppositifolius and Trianthema decandra belonging to the Ficoidaceae family were commonly used by tribal peoples for the treatment of liver disorders and cancer. The preliminary phytochemical screening of those plants showed the presence of flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins and saponins. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant activities of the methanol extracts of Glinus oppositifolius (MEGO) and Trianthema decandra (METD). The antioxidative capacities of MEGO and METD were determined by the following four complementary assay; DPPH radical scavenging assay, superoxide anion generation by xanthine-xanthine Oxidase assay, hydroxyl radical scavenging assay and $Fe^{2+}$-ascorbate induced by lipid peroxidation assay. The $IC_{50}$ values of the both extracts were calculated from the inhibition curve. The $IC_{50}$ MEGO and METD in DPPH, superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical scavenging and lipid peroxidation assay are 1.85, 7.31, 13.95, 22.82 and 2.21, 9.78, 14.87, 19.76 ${\mu}g/ml$ respectively. Both the extracts exhibited a significant antioxidant effects.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.393-401
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• 2007

인삼의 여러 생리 활성 가운데 항산화 정도를 알아보기 위하여 백삼(6 년근), 백삼(5 년근), 피부백삼(5 년근), 피부백삼 (4 년근) 의 80% 에탄올 엑기스, 에틸아세테이트 분획, 수포화 부탄올 분획, 물 분획을 얻은 후 LC/Mass 를 사용하여 사포닌 함량을 조사하고 기존의 여러 가지 항산화 작용 측정 방법들의 오류를 없애고 더욱 정확한 결과를 낼 수 있는 대처 방안으로 선정된 ORAC Assay에 의해 항산화 활성을 검토하였다. 인삼 중 사포닌은 ginsenoside Rg 1 과 Rb1 이 주요 성분으로 다량 함유하고 있었으며, Rc, Rb2, Re 등이 뒤를 이었고, 그밖에도 Rd, Rg3, Rh1가 널리 분포하고 있었다. 피부백삼 5 년근의 경우 에탄올 엑기스와 수포화 부탄올 분획에서 다른 인삼 분획에 비해 높은 함유량을 보였으나 실험의 한계상 인삼 재배기간과 인삼 종류별 각각의 분획에 대한 사포닌 함량 비교는 어려웠다. 인삼의 각 분획별 항산화 활성은 80% 에탄올 엑기스, 에틸아세테이트 분획, 수포화 부탄올 분획, 물 분획 모두에서 나타났고 비교적 전체 유기 용매 분획의 값이 비슷하였으며, 수층 분획이 다소 낮은 활성을 보였다. 검체 인삼들의 각 용매추출 분획 상호간의 유의성 비교에서는 모든 인삼 검체의 에틸아세테이트 분획에서만 유의성을 나타내었다(p>0.05). 인삼 중 항산화 활성은 에틸아세테이트 층으로 이행되는 폴리페놀 계통 성분이나 일부 비극성의 사포닌에 의한 것으로 추측되고 있으나 모든 분획에서 나타난 것으로 보아 이들 외에 산성 다당체, 당 단백질, 수용성 다당류 등 다른 생리활성 물질에 대한 연구가 요구된다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.609-618
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• 2014

본 실험에서는 조리과정(non-blanched, blanched, seasoned) 중 시래기의 항산화 관련 물질 함량과 항산화 활성 및 항균활성의 변화를 측정하여 한식 고유의 조리법인 나물의 우수성을 알리고자 하였다. 80% ethanol에 추출한 시래기의 수율은 무친 후가 7.55%로 가장 높았으며, 데치기 전이 4.91%를 나타내었고, 데친 후가 0.33%로 가장 낮은 수율을 보였다. 총 폴리페놀 함량은 3.57~129.85 mg GAE/100 g FW 범위로 무친 후 시래기가 $129.85{\pm}0.62mg$ GAE/100 g FW로 가장 높게 나타났으며, 총 플라보노이드 함량에서도 무친 후가 $35.56{\pm}1.19mg$ CHE/100 g FW로 가장 높은 함량을 나타냈다. 4가지의 항산화 실험(DPPH assay, ABTS assay, FRAP assay, Reducing power) 결과, 무친 후 > 데치기 전 > 데친 후 순으로 높은 활성을 보였다. 항균 활성 측정 결과, 데치기 전 시래기에서만 활성이 나타났는데, B. cereus와 E. cloacae 두 균에 대해서 농도 의존적으로 항균 활성을 나타냈고, E. coli와 P. aeruginosa 두 균에 대해서는 10 mg/disc의 농도에서만 각각 9.25 mm, 9 mm의 clear zone을 생성하였다. 상관관계 분석 결과, 총 폴리페놀과 총 플라보노이드 함량이 증가할수록 radical 소거 활성 및 환원력의 활성이 증가하여 시래기에 함유된 총 폴리페놀 및 플라보노이드 함량이 항산화 활성에 중요한 영향을 미치는 것으로 사료된다. 따라서 항균 활성 측면에서는 시래기를 조리하지 않고 섭취하는 것이 좋으나, 건조 나물을 섭취하기 위해서는 특성상 반드시 불린 후 조리하는 작업이 필요하다. 또한 무치거나 조리하는 과정에서 갖은 양념이 첨가되어 항산화 효능이 증가하므로 시래기를 섭취할 경우, 가능하면 장시간 물에 삶는 조리법은 피하고, 무치는 조리법을 사용하는 것이 건강에 이로울 것으로 사료된다.