• 대한수의학회지
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.75-81
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• 2008

The rapid evolution of antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus (S.) aureus is of considerable concern. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains are especially one of the greatest public concerns since the treatment of infections is more difficult when encountering resistance. In this study, we conducted a nationwide survey on the antimicrobial resistance of S. aureus isolated from raw meat samples collected from 16 countries, including Korea, and investigated the prevalence of MRSA as a possible source of human infection. Of 1,984 meat samples, S. aureus was isolated from 218 (11.0%) samples consisting of 23 (12.1%) from domestic meat and 195 (10.9%) from imported meat. The isolation rates of poultry meat, pork and beef were 12.8%, 7.0% and 10.0%, respectively. With regard to imported meat, the incidence varied from 4.8% to 16.6% from 13 countries, with the exception of Austria and Poland. In a resistance test to 20 antimicrobial agents, one hundred and eighty-four isolates (84.4%) were resistant to one or more antimicrobial agents tested. Especially, 17 (7.8%), 124 (56.9%) and 28 (12.8%) isolates showed a resistance to 3, 2 and 1 drugs, respectively. One isolate originating from domestic beef was resistant to 7 drugs. Another isolate originating from imported poultry meat showed resistance to oxacillin and methicillin by the disk diffusion test and minimal inhibition concentration methods, but showed negative for detection of the mecA gene.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.580-585
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• 2010

To develop a new traditional rice liquor by using Mulberry leaves, the optimal condition of fermentation was investigated by addition of different concentrations (1%, 3%, and 5%) of Mulberry leaves powder in the raw rice mash. The efficiency of ethanol production of all conditioned groups were not inhibited by addition Mulberry leaves. The acceptability and antimicrobial activity of the Mulberry leaves liquor with different concentrations of Mulberry leaves powder were tested. The 3% Mulberry leaves liquor showed the best acceptability in the sensory evaluation test and color test. The antimicrobial activity against Helicobacter pylori were increased according to added amount of Mulberry leaves. It was supposed that the antimicrobial activity were affected by phenolic compound extracted from Mulberry leaves with ethanol produced during the fermentation period. The results suggested that the Mulberry leaves can be useful source to develop a new traditional rice liquor.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.23-26
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• 2017

Otitis externa (OE) is an inflammatory disease of the externa auditory meatus that occurs commonly in dogs. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests should be performed in case of chronic OE for successful treatment. In this study, identification and antimicrobial susceptibility test of bacteria isolated from dogs with chronic OE was performed. From 60 dogs with chronic OE, 60 bacterial species were identified. The most frequently identified species were Staphylococcus spp. (51%), followed by Pseudomonas spp. (15%) and Enterococcus spp. (14%). A single bacterial infection and multiple bacterial infections were observed in 67.5% and 32.5%, respectively. Staphylococcus spp. was susceptible to imipenum. Pseudomonas spp. was found to be susceptible to amikacin, cefepime, imipenum and piperacillin-tazobactam. Enterococcus spp. was susceptible to ampicillin-sulbactam, imipenum and piperacillin-tazobactam. Imipenum was highly susceptible antibiotic against both Gram-positive and negative bacteria whereas aztreonam and vancomycin were highly resistant. These results could suggest the optimal choice of antimicrobial agents for canine OE treatment.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.205-209
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• 1999

Stability of the $\beta$-sitosterol glycoside from Schima wallichii sp. at various physical conditions were investigated, mutagenecity of the steroid saponin was determined by Ames test. When exposed in pH 3 to pH 8, the $\beta$-sitosterol glycoside was stable on antimicrobial activity against yeasts. The antimicrobial activity of the $\beta$-sitosterol glycoside also stable in high temperature, $N_2$, $O_2$ gas and light exposure, and metal ion. Ames test result revealed that $\beta$-sitosterol glycoside did not have any mutagenic activity. These results suggest that the $\beta$-sitosterol glycoside might be a promising candidate as a natural antimicrobial compound.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.1020-1033
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 인체에 해가 없으며 항균작용 및 항산화 효과가 있는 오배자, 계피, 로즈마리 추출물을 이용하여 천연방부제 소재로서의 활용 가능성을 연구하였다. 실험식물의 추출방법으로는 계피의 경우 70% ethanol 추출, 오배자는 열수추출법, 로즈마리는 70% ethanol 추출과 열수추출법을 이용하였다. 실험 방법으로는 항균력, DPPH를 통한 항산화능, 화장품의 challenge test, 화장품 안정성 및 안전성 평가를 진행하였다. 시험 결과, 항균력 시험에서 오배자 추출물은 세균류, 계피 추출물은 진균류에서 항균력이 우수, 로즈마리 추출물의 경우 항균력이 미비해 제외, 복합 추출물(오배자·계피)의 경우는 1:1비율로 조합한 복합 추출물(complex C)에서 항균효과, 복합 추출물의 최소저해농도(MIC)와 최소살균농도(MBC)에서는 5종의 실험균주에서 억제효과와 살균효과, 천연 단일 추출물과 복합 추출물(complex C)에서는 항산화능이 확인 되었다. 또한 합성 방부제 대신 complex C 10%를 화장품에 적용한 시험에서 제형의 안정성 및 안전성이 확인되었다. 따라서 본 연구를 통해 천연방부제 원료로서의 발전 가능성을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.101-107
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• 2004

Many studies have presented results about the antioxidative and antimicrobial activities of Dandelions(Taraxacum officinale). There has yet to be a study which makes comparisons based on the variety or parts of the Dandelion. To compare the physiological activity, antioxidative and antimicrobial activities were measured by using methanol extracts of Korean and Western Dandelions. The Dandelions were taken from Uiryeong in Kyungnam province, and antioxidative and antimicrobial activities of the flower, leaf and root were measured. Antioxidative activities of the methanol extracts were examined with a DPPH test. Antimicrobial activities were examined against 5 microorganisms. Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cereus served as G(+) microorganisms, while Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, and Eschrichia coli served as G(-) microorganisms. There was no significant difference in the antioxidative activity of the methanol extracts from leaves and roots between varieties. The antioxidative activity of the flower extracts was higher in the Korean than in the Western samples but the highest level of antioxidant was lower than 70%. No significant difference in antimicrobial activities between the varieties was observed. More research using physiological factors other than antioxidative and antimicrobial activities is needed to identify physiological functions and enhance the utilization of Dandelions.

• 통합자연과학논문집
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.154-161
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• 2017

An antimicrobial peptides-producing Bacillus strain CBS73 was isolated from fermented food (kimchi) that produces low-molecular-weight proteins with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. Our goal was to explore the therapeutic potential of antimicrobial substances produced by Bacillus species. Peptide CBS73 was purified from Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis with identity of 99.79%. It was found to be stable at pH 4.0-10.0 and temp $20-60^{\circ}C$. A protein band around 5.2 kDa was detected in tricine-SDS-PAGE and band was confirmed by MALDI-TOF test. Peptide CBS73 showed antimicrobial activity against MDR bacteria. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of peptide CBS73 for vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA), vancomycin resistant Enterococci (VRE) and Salmonella typhimurium ranged from $10-40{\mu}g/mL$. The antioxidant activity of peptide CBS73 was measured by DPPH scavenging, reducing power activity and total phenolic content. Cell viability and NO production result showed less cytotoxic effect upto $12{\mu}g/mL$. Peptide CBS73 could be a promising antimicrobial agent for clinical application.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.172-180
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• 2016

PURPOSE. The purpose of this study was to analyze the antimicrobial, antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity of Dendropanax morbifera $L{\acute{e}}veille$ extract for assessing whether Dendropanax morbifera $L{\acute{e}}veille$ can be used for the development of natural mouthwash and denture cleaning solution. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The extract was obtained from branches of Dendropanax morbifera $L{\acute{e}}veille$. The solvent fractions were acquired by fractionating Dendropanax morbifera $L{\acute{e}}veille$ extract using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, chloroform and butanol solvent. Paper disc test was used to evaluate the antimicrobial and antifungal activity of Dendropanax morbifera $L{\acute{e}}veille$ extract and solvent fractions against Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans. The analysis of antioxidant activity was carried out through DPPH radical scavenging assay. The cytotoxicity of Dendropanax morbifera $L{\acute{e}}veille$ extract was analyzed through MTT assay using normal human oral keratinocytes. RESULTS. Dendropanax morbifera $L{\acute{e}}veille$ extract showed antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mutans and especially Candida albicans. The solvent fractions of Dendropanax morbifera $L{\acute{e}}veille$ showed strong antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans in n-hexane and butanol solvent fraction, respectively. Dendropanax morbifera $L{\acute{e}}veille$ extract also showed outstanding antioxidant activity. Butanol, ethyl acetate, and chloroform solvent fraction of Dendropanax morbifera $L{\acute{e}}veille$ tended to have increased antioxidant activity as the concentration increased. Dendropanax morbifera $L{\acute{e}}veille$ extract showed high cell survival rate in cytotoxicity test. CONCLUSION. Dendropanax morbifera $L{\acute{e}}veille$ extract turned out to have antimicrobial, antioxidant activity and cytophilicity. Based on these results, it is expected that Dendropanax morbifera $L{\acute{e}}veille$ is applicable as an ingredient for natural mouthwash and denture cleanser.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.244-253
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• 2018

이 연구는 분리된 토양 세균에 의해 생성된 항균물질의 효과를 평가하기 위해 수행되었다. 2000여개의 세균 분리주 중 Paenibacillus elgii DS381이 여러 인간 피부 상재균과 병원성 세균에 대해 높은 항균활성을 나타내었다. DS381 균주는 agar well diffusion test에서 모든 대상 세균과 효모에 대해 15.3~26.0 mm 직경의 저해대를 형성하였다. DS381이 생성한 항균 펩티드는 모든 대상 미생물에 낮은 최소저해농도 (0.039-5.000 mg/ml)를 나타내었다. DS381 균주는 lipopeptide 같은 생물계면활성제 생산을 나타내었는데, 배양 상등액의 표면장력을 60.0에서 40.3 mN/m으로 낮추었다. DS381은 또한 $1.56{\pm}0.13U/ml$의 chitinase 활성도 나타내었다. 이 결과들은 P. elgii DS381이 일부 중요한 인간 피부 상재균과 병원성 세균에 대한 효율적인 생물제어제로 사용될 수 있음을 가리킨다.

• 열처리공학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.233-238
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• 2021

The mechanical, anti-tarnishing, and corrosion characteristics of Yuggi (Cu-22wt%Sn) alloy are greatly affected by fraction of constituent phases according to heat treatment method. The Yuggi heat-treated at 750℃ has a β1' phase of 98% or more, which is a high-temperature disordered beta phase, on the other hand, cast Yuggi that Sn is solid-solutioned into Cu consists with α-phase over 60v/o. This difference of constituent phases of Yuggi may cause a difference in dissolution of Cu under antimicrobial test condition. Nonetheless, few studies have been conducted on the effect of fraction of constituent phases and constituent phases in antimicrobial activity. In addition, few studies have also been conducted on the suitable method measuring the antimicrobial activity of Yuggi. Hence, the purpose of this study is to provide an optimum measurement method of antimicrobial activity, and to evaluate quantitatively the effect of constituent phases on antimicrobial activity.