• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.410-414
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• 2001

A new bacteriocin produced by Bacillus licheniformis cy2 was partially purified and characterized. The bacteriocin named as BSCY2 was stable in the pH range of 2.5~9.5. BSCY2 was stable below 4$0^{\circ}C$ and it retained its antimicrobial activity during long tern storage at -2$0^{\circ}C$ and -7$0^{\circ}C$. BSCY2 was inactivated 15 min exposure to temperatures over 8$0^{\circ}C$ and lost 50% of its antimicrobial activity within 2 hr at 7$0^{\circ}C$. BSCY2 was inactivated by proteinase K treatment, which indicates its proteinous nature. Direct detection of the BSCY2 band showing antimicobial activity on Tricine-SDS-PAGE suggested an apparent molecular mass of about 6,500 dalton. These characterizatics of BSCY2 are considered as potential compounds for use in bioindustry.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.187-188
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• 2002

Chitosan is a natural biopolymer of N-acetylglucosamine (-1,4 linked 2-acetamido-D-glucose), which is obtained after alkaline deacetylation of the chitin derived from the cell walls of lower plants and in the skeletal tissues of lower animals including arthropods and mollusks. In the recent studies, chitin and chitosan have attracted interest for converting them to oligosaccharides because the oligosaccharides are not only water-soluble but also possess versatile functional properties such as antimicobial activity (Jeon and Kim, 2000; Jeon et al., 2001). (omitted)

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.371-377
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• 1999

In order to evaluate the antimicrobial function of natural herb extracts as antimicrobial agent or packaging material for the preservation of foods and greenhouse produce, the water extract of chopi (Zanthoxylum piperitum DC.) was prepared and its antimicobial activity was determined. In the paper disk test its antimicrobial activity was increased in proportion to its concentraion. The growth of microorganisms was completely inhibited above 500ppm of its concentration. It showed wide spectrum of thermal(40 to 180oC) and pH(4 to 10) stabilities. In the electronic microscopic observation(TEM and SEM) of microbial morphological change it showed to decrease the activation of physiological enzymes and to lose the function of cell membranes. Even in the activation test of galactosidase, it seemed to weaken the osmotic function of cell membranes remarkably in comparison with chloroform and its activation corresponded to 40~50% of toluene. Zanthoxylum piperitum DC. extract seemed to be an excellent antimicrobial for the inhibition of food borne microorganisms as well as the pre servation of greenhouse produces.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.123-126
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• 2003

Kikuchi disease(subacute necrotizing lymphadenitis), first reported by Kikuchi and Fujimoto in 1972, is a benign self-limiting illness characterized by fever, neutropenia and cervical lymphadenopathy and develops predominantly in young women, especially in Asia. The cause of Kikuchi disease is unknown, but postinfectious(virus or bacteria) hyperimmune reaction has been suggested. Few pediatric cases have been reported. We experienced a case of Kikuchi disease associated with Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection in 12-year-old girl. After she was admitted with cervical lymphadenopathy and headache, followed by sustained fever with leukopenia. All symptoms and signs did not seem to be responded to antimicobial treatment. Open biopsy of cervical lymph node was performed and showed findings consistent with subacute necrotizing lymphadenitis. Serologic studies were all negative except for Y. pseudotuberculosis. Fever subsided and lymphadenopathy improved after administration of oral steroid for 1 week.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2004.06a
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• pp.303-306
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• 2004

참멍게의 체액세포로부터 산추출 후, 조 추출물에서 천연항균소재를 개발하기 위해 먼저 멍게 조 추출액을 직접 Tricine-SDS PAGE를 통하여 주요 펩타이드들의 분자량의 범위를 살펴본 결과 6kDa 이하의 분자량의 펩타이드들이 다량 존재함을 알수 있었다. 펩타이드들의 size별 항균활성을 알아보기 위해 여러 사이즈의(100, 50, 30, 10 kDa)의 한외여과만으로 여과하여 그 여과액들의 specific 활성을 알아본 결과 여과막의 cut-off size에 상관없이 거의 인정한 specific activity를 가짐을 알 수 있었다. 멍게 조 추출액의 여러 미생물에 대한 항균 스펙트럼을 알아보기 위해 E.coli, P. aeruginosa, S. typhi, V. parahaemolyticus, L. monocytogenes, B. sutillus, S. aureus, S. mutans 균주들을 $10^5 CFU/ml$로 부터 4log 감소시키는 농도를 측정한 결과 각각 200, 50, 60, 10, 25, 30, 100, 100ppm 농도였으며, 대표적 상용화 항균 펩타이드인 Nisin과의 항균활성 비교 결과 비슷하거나 월등히 뛰어난 결과를 보여주었다. 또한 추출액의 열안정성을 측정하기 위해 $100^{\circ}C$에서 10분간 가열한 후 원액과의 항균력의 차이를 Radial diffusion assay로 알아본 결과 항균력의 차이가 거의 없음을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.69-74
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• 2001

Diaper rash is found on the skin inside of babys diaper area. Most diaper rashes are caused by prolonged contact with the moisture, germs, and ammonia of the stool and urine. Some diaper rashes are caused by fungi infection such as candida albicans and Preteus vulgaris. In this study, Candida albicans was used as a test microorganism and experiment was carried out to inhibit diaper rash. Handsheets were treated with chitosan oligosaccharide, bamboo extractives, as well as mixture of monolaurin as an emulsifier and bamboo extractives. Both shake flask method and halo test were applied in order to examine the antimicrobial activity of each sample. It was found from both results of the halo test and shake flask method that handsheets treated with chitisan oligosaccharide or bamboo extractives showed antimicrobial property. In the treatment of bamboo extractives without emulsifier, no distinct difference in antimicrobial effect was found between bamboo branch and bamboo leaves extractives. In case of mixture of bamboo extractives and emulsifier, the result also suggested that bamboo branch showed better syngergistic effect than bamboo leaves. Both chitosan oligosaccharide and bamboo extractive can be used as antifungal agents against Candida albicans for making diaper.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.279-285
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• 2006

Thirty dairy cows with pododermatitis were selected and treatment effect of ozone ointment for bovine pododermatitis was investigated. In addition, bactericidal effect of ozone ointment on etiological agent of bovine pododermatitis was evaluated. The pathohistological examination for the pododermatitis, according to application with ozone ointment was investigated. Thirty dairy cows were divided two groups: control group(vaseline group: 15 cows), treatment group(ozone ointment group: 15 cows). Various parameters were evaluated in terms of the lameness score, swelling score, lesion score, WBC, neutrophil, pathohistological finding, and antimicrobial action. As compared with vaseline group, ozone ointment group revealed significant decrease of lameness(p<0.05), swelling(p<0.01) and lesion score(p<0.05) were shown in hoof lesions on 14 days after application. In hematological findings, WBC count revealed slightly high values within normal range before treatment, however, this was 1Corresponding author improved on 14 days after application of ozone ointment. The number of neutrophils was slightly higher than that of normal, however, this was improved on 14 days after application of ozone ointment. In pathohistological findings, normal dermal tissue was found in tissues with pododermatitis on 14 days after application of ozone ointment. In antimicobial action, marked decrease rate of bacteria was observed in feet of all cases treated with ozone ointment. The decreasing rate of bacteria in anaerobic culture was higher than that in aerobic culture.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.272-278
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• 2006

This study was carried out to determine therapeutic the effect of ozonated water therapy on bovine pododermatitis. In addition, bactericidal effect of ozonated water on etiological agent of bovine pododermatitis was examined. The pathohistological examination for the pododermatitis, according to application with ozonated water and ozone ointment was investigated. Thirty healthy cattle were divided two groups(each of 15) : control group(povidone group), treatment group(ozone solution group). Various parameters were evaluated in terms of the lameness score, swelling score, lesion score, WBC count, neutrophil count, pathohistological finding, and antimicrobial action. The decrease of lameness and lesion score were shown in hoof lesions on 14 days after application of ozonated water. Significant decrease of swelling was shown in hoof lesions on 14 days 1Corresponding author after application of ozonated water(p<0.01). In hematological findings, WBC count revealed values within normal range. The number of neutrophils was slightly higher than that of normal, however, this was improved on 14 days after application of ozonated water. In pathohistological findings, recovery was rapid macroscopically and microscopically in the treatment with ozonated water on the hoof lesions and ozonated water was effective. In antimicobial action, bactericidal effect was observed in treatment with ozonated water on the hoof lesions and ozonated water was effective.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.336-342
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• 2009

To confirm the antimicobial mechanism of Torilis japonica, antimicrobial profile was observed on various spore conditions by combining 0.1% (3 mM) torilin with antimicrobial activity and 0.27% water fraction with germinants. A 75% ethanol extract of T. japonica fruit reduced Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 spore counts by 3 log cycles and reduced the vegetative cells to undetectable level (by about 6 log cycles) (both in terms of CFU/mL). Further fractionating the ethanol extract into n-hexane and water fractions revealed that the former reduced the spore count by 1 log cycle whereas the latter had no effect. The antimicrobial active compound was isolated and purified from the hexane layer, and identified as torilin ($C_{22}H_{32}O_5$). The water fraction of the ethanol layer did not show antimicrobial activity, whereas the antimicrobial effect of 0.1% (3 mM) torilin was significantly enhanced in the presence of the water fraction (0.27%). This result can be explained by synergistic effects of the water fraction containing considerable amounts of germinants such as L-alanine and K+ ions that triggered germination.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.241-248
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• 2010

The present study was conducted to investigate isolation and antimicrobial resistance ratio of E. coli, E. faecium and E. faecalis from feces(l50 samples) and carcasses (150 samples) on slaughtered pigs from 6 slaughterhouse of 13 cities in the Gyeongnam during the period from January 2009 to December 2009. Isolation ratio of E. coli from feces and carcasses were 98 (65.3%) and 110(73.3%), respectively, and simultaneously, E. faecalis and E. faecium from feces and carcasses were isolated 21 (14%), 52(34.7%) and 18(12%), 14 (9.3%), respectively. All E. coli isolated from feces and carcasses except cefepime (0%) and ceftiofur (0%) were exhibited 2.4~83.6% of resistance to teteracycline (83.6%), ampicillin (68.2%), streptomycin (60%), chloram-phenicol (53.8%) and cephalothin (2.4%). All E. faecalis isolated from feces and carcasses except penicillin(0%) and vancomycin (0%) were exhibited 2.7~80.8% of resistance to teteracycline (80.8%), quinupristin/dalfopristin (78%), erythromycin (56.1%), streptomycin (43.8%) and bacitracin (2.7%). All E. faecium isolated from feces and carcasses except gentamicin (0%), vancomycin (0%), florfenicol (0%), linezloid (0%) and bacitracin (0%) were exhibited 3.1~53.1% of resistance to rifampin (53.1%), erythromycin and tetracycline (25%), penicillin (15.6%), ciprofloxacin (9.3%), and streptomycin, chloramphenicol, and quinupristin/dalfopristin (3.1%). According to the heard size, resistance ratio of E. coli strains isolated from feces and carcasses in slaughtered pigs-breeding farms over 1,500 heard to tetracycline, ampicillin, streptomycin and chloramphenicol showed higher resistance ratio (1.0~16.8%) than those of farms-breeding under 1,500 heard. From the our results, we suggest that a few of antimicrobials were used in the Gyeongnam than the other cities.