• YAKHAK HOEJI
• /
• v.56 no.6
• /
• pp.372-376
• /
• 2012

Militarin was isolated from Cordyceps militaris, a caterpillar-grown traditional medicinal mushroom and reported to possess anticancer activities against several tumor cells. A number of militarin derivatives bearing different numbers of ethylene glycol unit were synthesized and evaluated for their biological activities related with anticancer and antiinflammatory effects. Among militarin derivatives tested, the compounds 2 and 5 exhibited anticancer and antiinflammatory activities.

• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.97-101
• /
• 2003

This study was undertaken to evaluate the antinociceptive and antiinflammatory effects of the heartwood extract of Rhus verniciflua (Anacardiaceae) and the two major components, sulfuretin and fustin. The MeOH extract, its EtOAc-soluble portion and sulfuretin showed significant antinociceptive activity in writhing and hot plate test assays and antiinflammaory effects in carrageenan-induced hind paw edema in rats. In particular, treatment of sulfuretin with 10 mg/kg dose (i.p.) reduced writhing frequency by 48.0% (p<0.01) compared to that of a control group. Further, the treatment of sulfuretin (5, 10 mg/kg, i.p.) for 7 days prevented the carrageenan-induced hind paw edema significantly (p<0.01). The antiinflammatory effect of sulfuretin was also confirmed by microscopic observation of mast cell numbers in muscle. In addition, sulfuretin suppressed the cyclooxygenase- 2 (COX-2) activity $(IC_{50}\;=\;28.7\;{\mu}M)$ in lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophage cells. This result indicates that the inhibitory effect of sulfuretin on COX-2 may be one of the antinociceptive/antiinflammatory mechanism.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
• /
• v.6 no.3
• /
• pp.204-209
• /
• 1998

Antiinflammatory and antioxidative effects of mulberry fruit were investigated by using bioassay screening system. The extract of muberry fruits showed inhibitory effect in phospholipase $A_2$ activity and cyclooxygenase II activity. Among nine varieties of mulberry tree, the antiinflammatory activities of the Shingwangppong, Ficus, Cheongilppong and Keomseolppong were higher than that of the other varieties. Also, antioxidative activity of mulberry fruit was examined by DPPH free radical scavenging method. The radical scavenging activity of the mulberry fruit decreased as following order : Shingwangppong > Keomseolppong > tetraploid Ficus> diploid Ficus.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.262-269
• /
• 1988

The Forsythiae fructus is described to be used as an antiinflammatory drug, diuretics, antidotes and antibacterials in oriental literatures. In order to investigate the efficacy of Forsythiae viridissima (Oleaceae), the methanol extract and its fraction have been evaluated for the acute toxicity, antiinflammatory, analgesic and spasmolytic action in animals. The methanol extract of Forsythiae fructus was found to have significant antiinflammatory activity in the acute and subacute antiinflammatory model in rats, but have no analgesic action. Furthermore, through fractionation procedure, it was found that the active compounds were easily soluble in chloroform and butanol. It is also noted that the extracts had spasmolytic activities in the rat fundus and uterus and had low acute toxicity in mice.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.232-241
• /
• 1986

The whole plants of Prunella vulgaris (Labiatae) and Thesium chinense (Santalaceae) are used as Hakocho(夏枯草) in the market in Korea. In oriental medicine, these herb drugs are prescribed as a diuretic or antiinflammatory drugs. In order to investigate the efficacy of the plants, the extracts were bioassayed for antiinflammatory action. The water extracts of Prunella Herba and Thesii Herba showed remarkable anti-carrageenin effect and significant inhibition of the swellings in adjuvant arthritis in rats. However, the extracts did not show any inhibition of leucocyte emigration in CMC pouch in rats.

• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• v.5 no.4
• /
• pp.155-158
• /
• 1999

Several biological activities of extracts from roots of Cichorium intybus Linne (Compositae) were studied in this paper. The antiinflammatory activity of the methanol extract of this root was investigated against carrageenin induced edema in rat‘s hind paw. Significant inhibitory effects were observed at the dose of 1,000 mg/kg and were compared with aspirin as a control. The hepatoprotective activities of the methanol extract, ethylacetate and butanol fraction were studied on mice whose livers are damaged by $CCl_4$. The serum transaminase activities (ALT, AST) were reduced at the dose of 1,000 mg/kg of the methanol extract, 500 mg/kg of ethylacetate and butanol fraction, respectively. The bile juice secretion was also increased significantly from each fraction. The antidiabetic activity was examined on strepto-zotocin-induced diabetic rats with methanol extract. Methanol extract gave a significant reduction of blood glucose levels in 1 week and 3 weeks.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.139-147
• /
• 1985

Americal A from the seeds of Phytolacca americana, was investigated for the antiinflammatory activity. The compound significantly inhibited edema induction, granuloma formation, arthritis induction and leucocyte emigration in CMC-pouch. But its anticarrageenin activity was not exhibited in adrenalectomized rats. These findings together with decrease in the contents of ascorbic acid and cholesterol in adrenals by administration of the compound suggest that its activity is mediated through stimulation of the pituitary-adrenal axis. The acute toxicity of the compound is very weak and gastric ulceration was not produced by the compound.

• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.157-161
• /
• 2006

The alcoholic extract of Momordica dioica roots significantly reduced $CCl_4$ induced hepatotoxicity in rats upon oral administration (200 mg/kg), as judged from the serum enzyme levels [serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminases (SGOT), serum glutamate pyruvate transminases (SGPT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)]. These results were comparable with sylimarin (1.25 mg/kg, p.o.). The alcoholic extract inhibited the formation of oxyten derived free radicals (ODFR) in vitro with $4000\;{\mu}g/ml$ ascorbic system. The alcoholic extract also significantly reduced carrageenan-induced paw edema when administered orally (200 mg/kg) and the activity was comparable with ibuprofen(200 mg/kg, p.o.).

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
• /
• v.7 no.4
• /
• pp.395-408
• /
• 2007

This study reports the analgesic, anti-inflammatory and membrane-stabilizing property of alcoholic extract of Ophiorrhiza nicobarica (ON), a wild herb, used as an anti-infective ethnomedicine of Nicobarese and Shompen tribes of Great Nicobar Island, India. We for the first time investigated the analgesic and antiinflammatory potential of this herb in acute, subacute and chronic model of inflammation in Swiss albino mice and Wistar albino rats, along with sheep RBC-induced sensitivity and membrane stabilization. The acetic acid induced writhing, tail flick and tail immersion tests are used as a model for evaluating analgesic activity; while the carrageenin-induced paw oedema was used as the model for acute inflammation, dextran-induced oedema as sub-acute and cotton-pellateinduced granuloma as chronic inflammatory model. The probable mode by which ON mediate its effect on inflammatory conditions was studied on sheep RBC-induced sensitivity and membrane stabilization. The in vitro results revealed that the ON extract possesses significant (P < 0.05) dose dependent analgesic and antiinflammatory activity at 200 and 300 mg/kg and its fractions at 50 mg/kg, p.o. respectively, compared to the control groups. However, the extract failed to exhibit membrane-stabilizing property as it unable to reduce the level of haemolysis of RBC exposed to hypotonic solution. The acute toxicity studies of ON extract in rats and mice revealed that the extract was nontoxic even up to 3.0 g/kg body weight of the animals, with a high safety profile. We have isolated ursolic acid, ${\beta}$-sitosterol and harmaline respectively, from the bioactive part of the extract. The results indicated that the O. nicobarica is indeed beneficial in primary health care, and suggest that its anti-inflammatory activity may not be related to membrane-stabilization.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.151-158
• /
• 2000

Gel and cream containing 5% and 10% ketonic fraction (KF) of Leptospermum scoparium, respectively were formulated. Antimicrobial activity, stability, anti-inflammatory effect, rheological properties, drug release and acute toxicity for these topical efficacy were evaluated. Gel and cream containing neomycin or gentamycin in combination with KF has potent antimicrobial activity. Gel and cream were physically stable and did not show any creaming for 6 months storage. Gel showed plastic flow with yield value and cream showed pseudoplastic flow with hysteresis loop. The gel and cream containing KF showed higher viscosity than control or commercial one. The viscosity increased as the concentration of KF increased. Both 10% gel and cream showed a significant decrease in swelling when applied to the carrageenan- injected paw, suggesting local antiinflammatory activity. Particularly, 10% gel preparation showed similar antiinflammatory activity when compared with commercially available drugs. Percent of drug released and diffusion coefficient were in the order of 5% gel, 10% gel, 5% cream, and 10% cream, respectively. There were no significant changes of body weight in rats percutaneously administered with 10% cream and gel when compared with control. There were no induced acute toxicity when 10% cream or gel was applied to rats. Leptospermum scoparium could be practicaly used in topical preparations.