• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.97-102
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• 2002

Pyricularia oryzae (P. oryzae), the cause of rice blast, is one of the most important fungal pathogens of rice. Seventy strains of marine fungi were isolated from marine algae, and it was measured antifungal activity against P. oryzae. Metabolites of marine fungus A-248 which isolated from marine algae showed strong antifungal activity against P. oryzae. The antifungal substance from the metabolites of marine fungus A-248 was extracted with ethylacetate, and then purified by preparative TLC and reverse-phase HPLC. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value was $0.18\mu g/mL$ for the antifungal activity of the substance purified from A-248 metabolites. The purified substance was similar to antifungal activity of rhizoxin, which is a commercial antifungal agent.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.1217-1220
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• 2007

The saprophytic fungus Ulocladium atrum Preuss is a promising biological control agent for Botrytis cinerea in greenhouse- and field-grown crops. However, despite its known potent antifungal activity, no antifungal substance has yet been reported. In an effort to characterize the antifungal substance from U. atrum, we isolated an antibiotic peptide. Based on extensive spectroscopic analyses, its structure was established as a cyclopeptolide with a high portion of N-methylated amino acids, and its $^1H$ and $^{13}C$ chemical shifts were completely assigned based on extensive 1D and 2D NMR experiments. Compound 1 exhibited potent antifungal activity against the plant pathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea and moderate activity against Alternaria alternate and Magnaporthe grisea.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제19권11호
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• pp.1672-1678
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• 2009

B. amyloliquefaciens IUB158-03균주에서 정제된 항진균물질은 극성인 용매에 잘 용해되고, pH 6.0~10.0와 $-70{\sim}121^{\circ}C$에서와 같이 넓은 범위의 온도 및 pH에서 안정성을 보였다. 항진균물질의 FAB-MS, UV 흡수 스펙트럼, 아미노산 조성 등을 분석한 결과 분자량은 1,042 이었고, TLC를 이용하여 분석한 결과 ninhydrin solution에서 보라색으로 발색되었다. UV 스펙트럼은 220 nm, 277 nm에서 ${\lambda}max$를 보였으며, $Asn_3$, $Gln_2$, $Ser_1$ $Gly_1$, $Tyr_1$의 아미노산 조성을 갖는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 $^1H$-NMR spectrum, $^1H$-COSY, HMQC 을 분석한 결과 iturin A계에 속하는 물질로 확인되었다. NIH3T3 섬유아세포에 대해 항진균물질이 세포독성을 나타내지 않는 것은 물론 마우스에 항진균물질을 경구투여하여 장기 내의 변화와 백혈구 수, 생체내의 생리적인 기능면에서 정상 마우스와 차이를 보이지 않았으므로 생체독성이 없는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구를 통하여 B. amyloliquefaciens IUB158-03에서 분리된 항진균물질이 앞으로 고추탄저병의 생물적 방제제로 이용될 수 있는 잠재성을 갖고 있는 것으로 사료된다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.52-56
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• 2001

This study was undertaken to separate and identify antifungla substances produced by Gilocladium virens G1, a biocontrol agent used for the control of plant diseases caused by Rhizoctonea solani. The culture of G. virens G1 effectively inhibited the growth of R. solani, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, and Phytophthora capsici, but less that of Fusarium oxysporum. The n-hexane extract of the G. virens culture, which was used for the purification of responsible substances, strongly inhibited R. solani and C. gloeosporioides, but not P. capsici, although the n-butanol extract was effective on all of the pathogens tested. An antifungal substance was purified using the n-hexane extract by Silica gel column chromatography and HPLC. The substance was examined for purity by HPLC and for nature by UV spectrometry, which differed from known antibiotic compounds such as gliotoxin, viridin and gliovirin. The antifungal substance was very liphophilic based on its solvent-solubility and Rf values on TLC, and more inhibitory to C. gloeosporioides than other fungal pathogens tested.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.95-108
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• 2020

To develop an environment-friendly fungicide for controlling tomato wilt diseases, antifungal active substance was isolated Rheum australe D. Don roots against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, a pathogen of tomato wilt, in this study. Methanol extract obtained from Rheum australe roots was successively fractionated with hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol and water. The ethyl acetate fraction, which showed the highest antifungal activity, was separated by column chromatography, and 60 subfractions were obtained. The 60 subfractions were anlayzed for antifungal activities by bioassay. The active compound was identified as 5-[(E)-2- (3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)ethenyl]benzene-1,3-diol (rhapontigenin) by NMR and GC-MS analysis. As a result of testing antifungal activity of rhapontigenin against Fusarium oxysporum, EC₅₀ of rhapontigenin was showed strong antifungal activity at 7.48 mg/L. Therefore, this study showed that the Rheum australe roots extract can be a potential candidate which is a environment-friendly fungicide against Fusarium oxysporum.

• 생약학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.143-147
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• 1975

The antifungal studies on the triterpenoids from the pericarp of Forsythia viridissima LINDL. were conducted. The pericarp was obtained from the plant which was cultivated at Eusung, Kyungsang-bukkdo, Korea. Substances A and B were isolated by column fractionation and purified by recrystallization. Antifungal actions of substance A, acetyloleanolic acid, show significant inhibition effect against Trichophyton rubrum, T. mentagrophytes, T. tonsurans, Microsporum nanum, M. canis, and M. cookei. Substance B, viridissimic acid, shows negative effect against Candida albicans and shows lower effects against other test fungi.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제17권7호통권87호
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• pp.983-989
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• 2007

Auxin, siderophore, 그리고 cellulase를 동시에 생산하는 생물방제균주 B. licheniformis Kll을 식물병원성진균을 대상으로 균사 성장억제능을 확인결과 6종의 식물병원성 진균에서 균사체 성장억제능을 확인하였으며, 그 중에서 토마토 시들음병을 유발하는 F. oxysporum(KACC 40037)에 가장 강력한 억제능을 나타내었다. 그리고 본 균주가 생산하는 항진균성 siderophore이외에 세포벽이 cellulose로 구성된 P. capsici의 cell wall을 분해하는 cellulase를 생산하는 것을 추가적으로 확인하였다. 뿐만아니라 B. licheniformis Kll은 nutrient broth(pH 8.0), $30{\circ}C$에서 96시간 배양시 토마토 시들음병에 대한 항진균 활성이 가장 높았고, 이는 cellulase의 활성과 sideropore의 최대 생산조건과는 상이하였다. 또한 탄소원과 질소원으로 starch와 urea를 각각 첨가시 항진균성 활성이 가장 높았고, 이 역시는 cellulase의 활성과 항진균성 siderophore의 최대 생산조건과 일치하지 않았다. 그리하여 본균주 B. licheniformis Kll은 식물성장촉진 물질은 auxin, 항진균성 siderophore와 cellulase를 생산함과 동시에 또 다른 강력한 항진균성 물질을 생산하는 것을 추가로 확인하였다.

• 약학회지
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.323-329
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• 2005

Antimicrobial peptides are evolutionary ancient weapons for animal and plant species to depend themselves against infectious microbes. In the present study, we investigated if an antimicrobial peptide was produced from Coptidis Rhizoma. For the determination, protein substance from the medicinal plant was isolated by various preparations. Among the preparations, the protein portion dissolved in phosphate-buffered saline solution (CRP-DS) that contained the most amount of protein $(90\%)$ resulted in maximal inhibition of Candida albicans which causes local and systemic infections. Analyses by gel-electrophoresis and gel-permeation chromatography showed the CRP-DS formed a single band of approximately 11.8 KDa as molecular size. Antifungal activity of the CRP-DS was almost equivalent to antifungal activity by fluconazole, resulting in MIC (minimal inhibitory concentration) of approximately $50{\mu}g/ml$. The antifungal activity was a dose-dependent. The antifungal activity appeared to be inactivated by heat-treatment and ionic strength, respectively. In a murine model, the CRP-DS enhanced resistance of mice against disseminated candidiasis. The HPLC analysis demonstrated maximum $4\%$ of berberine as residual content in the CRP-DS preparation resulted in no influence on the antifungal activity. In addition, protein portion isolated from Phellodendri Cortex producing the alkaloid component like Coptidis Rhizoma had no such anticandidal effect. These results indicate that the protein substance from Coptidis Rhizoma was responsible for the antifungal activity.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제20권9호
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• pp.1339-1344
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• 2010

환경친화적인 항균발효퇴비를 생산할 목적으로 식물병원성 균주에 대하여 항균활성이 우수한 B. licheniformis KJ-9를 톱밥우분에 접종하여 고품질의 항균발효퇴비(B. licheniformis KJ 9 fermented compost, BLC)의 개발을 행하였다. B. licheniformis KJ-9가 생산한 물질의 온도 안정성은 $100^{\circ}C$, 10분간 열처리하여도 약 60% 이상의 항균활성을 유지하였으며, pH 안정성은 산성보다는 pH 7.0 이상의 중성 및 알칼리성 영역에서 높은 항균활성을 유지하였다. 퇴비를 제조하는 과정에서 BLC의 경우는 우분 냄새가 확실히 줄어들었으며 또한 퇴비의 발효시간도 3일 정도 단축되었다. 고추의 pot실험 결과 BLC를 첨가한 시험구 이외의 다른 시험구에서는 고추 잎이 마르고 약간의 황색반점이 발생하였다. 그리고 BLC를 이용한 시험구는 밭 흙만을 사용한 시험구 및 밭 흙에 기존의 판매퇴비(commercial available compost, CC)를 혼합한 시험구보다 잎의 수가 많고(1.5~2배), 줄기 및 뿌리의 성장이 빠르며, 줄기가 굵은(1.5~3배) 것으로 나타났다. 마늘 및 들깨를 재배한 현장적용 실험결과 두 시험구 모두 자연발생적인 병충해의 피해는 없었지만 BLC를 사용한 밭에서 마늘 및 들깨의 생육이 현저하게 빠른 것을 관찰할 수 있었다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.102-105
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• 2002

A strain of Acremonium strictum, the mycoparasite of Botrytis cinerea, showed strong antifungal activities both in vitro and in vivo against several phytopathogenic fungi. An antifungal substance was purified from the liquid cultures of A. strictum and identified as verlamelin by instrumental analyses. Verlamelin exhibited in vitro antifungal activity against some phytopathogenic fungi such as Magnaporthe grisea, Bipolaris maydis, and Botrytis cinerea, while it was net active against all the bacteria tested. In viva, verlamelin exhibited strong protective and curative activities, particularly against barley powdery mildew. At 100 μg/ml, it inhibited the development of barley powdery mildew with control values of more than 90% in 7-day protective and 2-day curative applications. This is the first report on the production of verlamelin by Acremonium species.