• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.177-189
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• 2015

The output of the controller is said to exceed the input limits of the plant being controlled when a control system operates in a non-linear region. This process is called the windup phenomenon. The windup phenomenon is not preferable in the control system because it leads to performance degradation, such as overshoot and system instability. Many anti-windup strategies involve switching, where the integral component differently operates between the linear and the non-linear states. The range of state for the non-overshoot performance is better illustrated by the boundary integral error plane than the proportional-integral (PI) plane in windup inspection. This study proposes a PI controller with a separate closed-loop integral controller and reference value set with respect to the input command and external torque. The PI controller is compared with existing conventional proportional integral, conditional integration, tracking back calculation, and integral state prediction schemes by using ScicosLab simulations. The controller is also experimentally verified on a direct current motor under no-load and loading conditions. The proposed controller shows a promising potential with its ability to eliminate overshoot with short settling time using the decoupling mode in both conditions.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.45-50
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• 2011

This paper proposes a method for comparing and evaluating anti-windup proportional-integral (PI) control strategies. The so-called PI plane is used and its coordinate is composed of the error and the integral state. In addition, an anti-windup PI controller with integral state prediction is proposed. The anti-windup scheme can be easily analyzed and evaluated on the PI plane in detail. Representative anti-windup methods are experimentally applied to the speed control of a vector-controlled induction motor driven by a pulse width modulated (PWM) voltage-source inverter (VSI). The experimental results compare the anti-windup PI controllers. It is empathized that the initial value of the integral state at the beginning of the linear range dominates the control performance in terms of overshoot and settling time.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.130-138
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• 2002

The windup phenomenon appears and degrades control performance when a controller with integrating action is used and plant input is limited. An anti-windup integal-proportional(IP) controller is proposed for the variable-speed moter drives and it is experimentally applied to the speed control of a vector-controlled induction moter driven by a pulse width modulated (PWM) voltage source inverter (VSI). The consistency range of the IP controller is firstly derived and the intergal state is controlled to salisfy always the consistency range according to whether the the controller output is saturated or not. Although the operating condition like moter load or speed command is changed under the limited plant input, It is expermentally verified that the speed response has much improved performance, such as no overshoot and fast settling time, and the maximmum plant input is also effectively utilized.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제19권10호
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• pp.867-872
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• 2013

Many practical processes in industry have nonlinearities of some forms. One commonly encountered form is actuator saturation which can cause a detrimental effect known as integrator windup. Therefore, a strategy of attenuating the effects of integrator windup is required to guarantee the stability and performance of the overall control system. In this paper, optimal tuning of a PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) controller with an anti-windup scheme is presented to enhance the tracking performance of the PID control system in the presence of the actuator saturation. First, we investigate effective anti-windup schemes. Then, the parameters of both the PID controller and the anti-windup scheme are optimally tuned by an EA (Evolutionary Algorithm) such as the IAE (Integral of Absolute Error) is minimized. A set of simulation works on two high-order processes demonstrates the benefit of the proposed method.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.369-375
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• 2006

This paper describes a simple proportional and integral control algorithm for a swirl motor controller and its application. The control algorithm may be complicated in order to have desired performance, such as low steady state errors, fast response time, and relatively low overshoot. At the same time, it should be compact so that it can be easily implemented on a low cost microcontroller, which has no floating-point calculation capability and low computing speed. These conflicting requirements are fulfilled by the proposed control algorithm which consists of a gain scheduling proportional controller and an anti-windup integral controller. The mechanical friction, which is caused by gears and a return spring, varies very nonlinearly according to the angular position of the system. This nonlinear static friction is overcome by the proportional controller, which has a two-dimensional look up gain table. It has error axis and angular position axis. The integral controller is designed not only to minimize the steady state error but also to avoid the windup effect, which may be caused by the saturation of a motor driver. The proposed control algorithm is verified by use of a commercial product to prove the feasibility of the algorithm.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 2000년도 전력전자학술대회 논문집
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• pp.215-218
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• 2000

The windup phenomenon appears and degrades control performance when a controller with integrating action is used and the plant input is limited. An anti-windup integral -proportional(IP) controller is proposed for the variable-speed motor drives and it is experimentally applied to the speed control of a vector-controlled induction motor driven by a pulse width modulated (PWM) voltage source inverter(VSI). Although the operating conditions like motor load and speed command is changed under the limited plant input it is experimentally verified that the speed response has much improved performance such as no overshoot and fast settling time and the maximum plant input is also effectively utilized.

• 한국항공운항학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.48-54
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• 2018

This paper deals with a development of a quad-rotor for a hovering attitude control. First, a rotational dynamics are derived to design an attitude controller. The attitude controller is based on PI (Proportional-Integral) controller. For a stable attitude control, an anti-windup method applies to the PI attitude controller. Additionally, a complementary filter is used to obtain more reliable attitude. Gain values of the attitude controllers based on the anti-windup method are obtained through tests. Finally, the quad-rotor with the anti-windup based PI attitude controller is developed and a hovering attitude control flight tests are performed. As a result, the developed quad-rotor is capable of stable hovering.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2001년도 ICCAS
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• pp.77.1-77
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• 2001

In this paper, we propose a control scheme for improving the performance of a conventional Proportional-Integral (PI) controller for Active Queue Management (AQM) supporting TCP flows. When the PI controller is used for AQM, the windup phenomenon of the integral action causes the performance degradation. Therefore we model AQM as a system with a saturator and apply anti-windup methods to the PI controller for AQM. We compare the performances of anti-windup algorithm with the conventional PI controller through ns simulations. The simulation results show that the PI controller with anti-windup method performs better than the conventional PI controller.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 2010년도 하계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.602-603
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• 2010

This paper presents a comparison and evaluation between different anti-windup proportional-integral (PI) controller strategies used in variable-speed motor drives, and the anti-windup methods are to the speed control of a vector-controlled induction motor driven by a pulse width modulated (PWM) voltage-source inverter (VSI). The simulation results are compared for the different operating conditions and the characteristic of speed response has been analyzed in order to obtain the optimal performance of anti-windup PI controller method.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 1999년도 전력전자학술대회 논문집
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• pp.80-83
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• 1999

The windup phenomenon appears and results in performance degradation such as large overshoot, slow settling time when the integral-proportional (IP) controller output is saturated. An anti-windup IP controller is proposed to improve the control performance for the motor drives. The proposed algorithm is applied to the current control of a vector-controlled induction motor driven by a pulse width modulated(PWM) voltage-source inverter. The integral state is separately controlled corresponding to whether the IP controller output is saturated or not. The experimental results show that the current response has much improved performance such as little overshoot and fast settling time.