• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.47-60
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• 2018

Objectives The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of Anti-condensing on the composition of ChondroT Methods Specimens are divided in 7 groups (Control, ChondroT, Lonicerae Folium (Gumenhwa, GEH), Angelicae Gigantis Radix(Danggui, DG), Phellodendri Cortex(HwangBaek, HB), Osterici Radix(Kanghwal, KH), Clematidis Radix(Weeryungsun, WRS)) Each specimen is subjected to a concentration of 20 %, 10 %, and 5 %, and is administered to collagen and thrombin-stimulated platelets. Results In the anticoagulance effect test, Lonicerae Folium and ChondroT very well. The effect was high in order of Lonicerae Folium-Angelicae Gigantis-Phellodendri Cortex-Osterici Radix and Clematidis Radix. Conclusions ChondroT has anti-condensing effects on blood platelet.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.706-713
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• 2023

Background and objective: The ability to inhibit aggregation has been demonstrated with synthetically derived ginsenoside compounds G-Rp (1, 3, and 4) and ginsenosides naturally found in Panax ginseng 20(S)-Rg3, Rg6, F4, and Ro. Among these compounds, Rk3 (G-Rk3) from Panax ginseng needs to be further explored in order to reveal the mechanisms of action during inhibition. Methodology: Our study focused to investigate the action of G-Rk3 on agonist-stimulated human platelet aggregation, inhibition of platelet signaling molecules such as fibrinogen binding with integrin α_IIbβ₃ using flow cytometry, intracellular calcium mobilization, dense granule secretion, and thromboxane B₂ secretion. In addition, we checked the regulation of phosphorylation on PI3K/MAPK pathway, and thrombin-induced clot retraction was also observed in platelets rich plasma. Key Results: G-Rk3 significantly increased amounts of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and led to significant phosphorylation of cAMP-dependent kinase substrates vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP₃R). In the presence of G-Rk3, dense tubular system Ca²⁺ was inhibited, and platelet activity was lowered by inactivating the integrin αIIb/β₃ and reducing the binding of fibrinogen. Furthermore, the effect of G-Rk3 extended to the inhibition of MAPK and PI3K/Akt phosphorylation resulting in the reduced secretion of intracellular granules and reduced production of TXA₂. Lastly, G-Rk3 inhibited platelet aggregation and thrombus formation via fibrin clot. Conclusions and implications: These results suggest that when dealing with cardiovascular diseases brought upon by faulty aggregation among platelets or through the formation of a thrombus, the G-Rk3 compound can play a role as an effective prophylactic or therapeutic agent.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.43-48
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• 2009

Thrombin-induced platelet microbicidal protein (tPMP) is a small cationic peptide that exerts potent in vitro microbicidal activity against a broad spectrum of human pathogens, including Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus rattus BHT. Earlier evidence has suggested that tPMP targets and disrupts the bacterial membrane. However, it is not yet clear whether membrane disruption itself is sufficient to kill the bacteria or whether subsequent, presumably intracellular, events are also involved in this process. In this study, we investigated the microbicidal activity of rabbit tPMP toward S. rattus BHT cells in the presence or absence of a pretreatment with antibiotics that differ in their mechanisms of action. The streptocidal effects of tPMP on control cells (no antibiotic pretreatment) were rapid and concentration-dependent. Pretreatment of S. rattus BHT cells with either penicillin or amoxicillin (inhibitors of bacterial cell wall synthesis) significantly enhanced the anti-S. rattus BHT effects of tPMP compared with the effects against the respective control cells over most tPMP concentration ranges tested. On the other hand, pretreatment of S. rattus BHT cells with tetracycline or doxycycline (30S ribosomal subunit inhibitors) significantly decreased the streptocidal effects of tPMP over a wide peptide concentration range. Furthermore, pretreatment with rifampin (an inhibitor of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase) essentially blocked the killing of S. rattus BHT by tPMP at most concentrations compared with the respective control cells. These results suggest that tPMP exerts anti-S. rattus BHT activity through mechanisms involving both the cell membrane and intracellular targets.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제29권10호
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• pp.898-903
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• 2006

The antiplatelet and antithrombotic activities of Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) were examined on rat carotid artery thrombosis in vivo, and platelet aggregation in vitro and ex vivo. Administration of KRG to rats not only prevented carotid artery thrombosis in vivo in a dose-dependent manner, but also significantly inhibited ADP- and collagen-induced platelet aggregation ex vivo, while failed to prolong coagulation times such as activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and prothrombin time (PT), indicating the antithrombotic effect of KRG might be due to its anti platelet aggregation rather than anticoagulation effect. In line with the above observations, KRG inhibited U46619-, arachidonic acid-, collagen- and thrombin-induced rabbit platelet aggregation in vitro in a concentration-dependent manner, with $IC_{50}$ values of $620{\pm}12$, $823{\pm}22$, $722{\pm}21$ and $650{\pm}14\;{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. Accordingly, KRG also inhibited various agonists-induced platelet serotonin secretions as it suppressed platelet aggregation. These results suggest that KRG has a potent antithrombotic effect in vivo, which may be due to antiplatelet rather than anticoagulation activity, and KRG intake may be beneficial to the individuals with high risks of thrombotic and cardiovascular diseases.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.1048-1054
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• 2002

Silsosangami(SSG) is a formula of oriental medicines as an effective biological response modifier for augmenting host homeostasis of body circulation. Also SSG has been known to have an anti-diabetic activity and anti-platelet aggregation activity. The present study was undertaken to examine the effects of a new SSG on murine macrophage and human neutrophil functions as well as on several enzymes relevant to the inflammatory process. The results of the present study indicate that SSG exerts anti-inflammatory effects related to the inhibition of neutrophil functions and of PGE2 production, which could be due to a decreased expression of and COX-2.

• 약학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.115-119
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• 1992

The possibility as an anti-inflammatory drug of Prunus davidiana which have been used in Korean folk medicine for treatment of neuritis and rheumatism was investigated on carrageenin-induced paw edema in rats. The MeOH extract exhibited potent inhibitory effect on carrageenin-edema rats when topically applicated. On the other hand, it did not show any effect when orally tested. It also had no influences on isolated ileum of guinea pig and anti-platelet aggregating activities. Thus, it appears from the present findings that the MeOH extract of P. davidiana may be utilizable only for the external treatment of inflammed sites. This study was also conducted to further isolation of flavonoids from the EtOAc soluble fraction and characterized as persiconin and isosakuranin by spectrometric analysis.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.77-92
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• 2003

Objective; This study was investigated to test the anti-anemic effects of Danggwibohyeol-tang for herbal acupuncture on rat with anemia induced by phenylhydrazine according to composition ratio. Methods; Danggwibohyeol-tang herbal-acupuncture was administered into Kyoksu(膈兪穴, BL17) and RBC, Hemoglobin, Hematocrit, MCV, MCH, MCHC, RDW, platelet, MPV, PDW, indirect bilirubin and lactate dehydrogenase were tested. Results; The obtained results are summarized as follows: (1) In control group RBC was significantly reduced in comparison with normal group. And in Danggwibohyeol-tang group A, B, C there was significant inhibitory effect on reduction in comparison with control group. The effect of Danggwibohyeol-tang group C was similiar to that of Danggwibohyeol-tang group B and was higher than that of Danggwibohyeol-tang group A. (2) In control group hemoglobin was significantly reduced in comparison with normal group. And in Danggwibohyeol-tang group A, B, C there was significant inhibitory effect on reduction in comparison with control group but there was no significant difference between Danggwibohyeol-tang group A, B, C. (3) In control group hematocrit was significantly reduced in comparison with normal group. And in Danggwibohyeol-tang group A, B, C there was significant inhibitory effect on reduction in comparison with control group. The effect of Danggwibohyeol-tang group C was higher than that of Danggwibohyeol-tang group A or B. (4) In case of MCV, MCH, MCHC and RDW there was no significant anti-anemic effect. (5) Danggwibohyeol-tang group significantly inhibited the growth of platelet. In case of Danggwibohyeol-tang A and B group there was more inhibitory effect than Danggwibohyeol-tang C group but there was no significant difference between Danggwibohyeol-tang A and B group. (6) In case of MPV, PDW and indirect bilirubin there was no significant difference between Danggwibohyeol-tang group and control group. (7) Danggwibohyeol-tang group significantly inhibited the growth of lactate dehydrogenase. In case of Danggwibohyeol-tang C group there was more inhibitory effect than Danggwibohyeol-tang B group and Danggwibohyeol-tang B group showed more inhibitory effect than Danggwibohyeol-tang A group. Conclusion; From above results Danggwibohyeol-tang for herbal acupuncture showed significant anti-anemic effect in some parameters. Further study is needed for the effect of Danggwibohyeol-tang according to different composition ratio.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.1494-1504
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• 2004

The present paper reports the effects of Hwaotang an atherosclerosis using a spontaneous experimental model, We have also investigated the pharmacological effect of Hwaotang on collagen- and ADP-induced blood platelet aggregation, thrombin-induced conversion of fibrinogen and fibrinolysis in in vitro experiments, and various effects on stimuli-induced superoxide generation in human neutrophils. Hwao-tang was shown to have inhibitory effect on collagen- and ADP-induced blood platelet aggregation, on thrombin-induced conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin and on the activity of plasminogen or plasmin. Hwao-tang also significantly inhibited fMLP-induced superoxide generation in a concentration-dependent manner, but not that induced by arachidonic acid. Hwao-tang inhibited neutrophil functions, including degranulation, superoxide generation, and leukotriene B4 production, without any effect on 5-lipoxygenase activity. In conclusion, the protection of extracts of Hwao-tang on the ischemic infarction induced artificially might be involved to their inhibition of thrombotic action. The results also indicate that Hwao-tang exerts the effects on superoxide generation related to the inhibition of neutrophil functions.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.70-77
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• 2006

Platelets are anucleate cytoplasmic fragments derived from bone marrow megakaryocytes, and endothelial cells constitute the barrier between bloodstream and adjacent tissues. Although platelets are thought to regulate the biological functions of endothelial cells, the molecular mechanisms involved are poorly understood. With human umbilical vein endothelial cells and freshly isolated platelets, we established an in vitro model of platelet-induced endothelial cell proliferation. Platelets stimulated endothelial cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner and transwell experiments with semi-permeable membranes suggested that direct cell-to-cell contacts were required. We developed mAbs against platelets and selected a mAb that blocks their proliferative effect. We purified the antigen by immunoprecipitation and identified it by Q-TOF MS analysis as the tetraspanin CD9. Since both platelets and endothelial cells expressed CD9 strongly on their surfaces we carried out a pre-treatment experiment that showed that CD9 molecules on the endothelial cells participate in the mitogenic effect of the platelets. The inhibitory effect of our mAb was comparable to that of a well-known functional anti-CD9 mAb. These results suggest that the tetraspanin CD9 plays an important role in endothelial regeneration.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제34권9호
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• pp.1320-1324
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• 2005

식생활에서 쉽게 접하고, 다양한 생리 활성 물질을 함유하고 있는 국산콩에 대하여 품종별로 용매 추출하여 각 추출물에 대한 혈소판 응접에 미치는 영향과 혈소판 응집을 유도하는 collagen과 thrombin에 대한 응집 억제작용을 비교하였고, isoflavone 유도체의 함량 및 검정콩 종피 추출물이 혈소판 응집억제에 미치는 효과를 연구하였다. 국산콩 품종별 용매추출물 1 mg/mL을 collagen $2 {\mu}g/mL$과 thrombin 0.1unit/mL으로 유도한 혈소판 응집반응에 메탄올보다 부탄을 추출물에서 감한 응집억제 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 진품콩과 검정콩의 부탄을 추출물이 collagen에 대하여 각각 $94\%$와 $95\%$의 혈소판 응집 억제율이었고 검정콩이 thrombin에서도 $95\%$의 혈소판 응집억제작용을 나타내었다. 혈소판 응집 억제율이 가장 강한 진품콩과 검정콩의 iso-flavone 함량은 진품롱의 genistein과 daidzein 함량이 검정콩의 genistein과 daidzein의 함량보다 모두 3배 가량 높았다. 배당체인 genistin의 함량은 두 품종 모두 비 배당체인 gem stein과 daidzein 함량보다 높았으며, 총 isoflavone 함량에서도 진품콩이 검정콩보다 높은 함량이었다. Isoflavone 유도체의 혈소판 응집억제작용은 collagen으로 유도한 혈소판 응집 반응에서 $200 {\mu}g/mL$농도에서 genistein>daidzein>geni-stin 순으로 각각 $97\%,\;38\%,\;13\%$로 억제되었고, thrombin으로 유도한 혈소판 응집 반응에서는 약한 억제작용을 나타내었다. 검정콩 종피에서 메탄올 및 부탄올 추출물의 혈소판응집 억제작용은 collagen에서 각각 $86\%$와 $61\%$로 나타내었고, thrombin에서도 $36\%$와 $32\%$의 응집 억제작용을 보였다. 이상의 결과에서 진품콩과 검정콩의 혈소판 응집억제작용은 총 isoflavone 함량과 관련이 있으며, isoflavone 유도체 에서 -OH group이 3개인 genistein이 -OH group이 2개인 daizein보다 혈소판 응집억제작용이 강하며, 당이 결합된 genistin 배당체의 약한 응집억제작용은 -OH group 수와 배당체의 관련성을 보여주고 있는 것으로 시사되었다.