• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
• /
• 2002.05a
• /
• pp.94-94
• /
• 2002

Oxidative stress induced by reactive oxygen and/or nitrogen species has been considered as a major cause of cellular injuries in a variety of neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Inflammatory as well as oxidative tissue damage has been implicated in pathophysiology of AD, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have been reported to have beneficial effects in the treatment or prevention of AD.(omitted)

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
• /
• v.29 no.6
• /
• pp.63-71
• /
• 2014

Objectives : Lonicerae japonicae Flos(LJF) has been reported to exhibit anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-rheumatoid properties. However, it is still largely unknown whether LJF inhibits the ultraviolet(UV)B-induced oxidative damage in human HaCaT keratinocytes. Therefore in this paper, we investigated the anti-oxidative capacity and protective effect of LJF against UVB-induced oxidative demage in human HaCaT keratinocytes. Methods : To evaluate the anti-oxidative activity of LJF extracts, we measured total phenolic contents, total flavonoid contents, antioxidant capacity, and superoxide scavenging activity. To give an oxidative stress to HaCaT cells, UVB was irradiated with $200mJ/cm^2$ to HaCaT cells. To detect the protective effect of LJF against UVB, we measured cell viability, DNA fragmentation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. In addition, we performed high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis to find a major component of LJF. Results : LJF contained phenolic and flavonoid contents, and showed the anti-oxidant and superoxide scavenging activity. The UVB-induced oxidative conditions led to the cell death, DNA fragmentation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. However, pretreatment with LJF reduced oxidative conditions, including inhibition of cell death, DNA fragmentation and ROS production. In addition, we found out chlorogenic acid as major component of LJF. Conclusions : These results could suggest that LJF contained anti-oxidative contents and exhibited protective effects against UVB on human HaCaT keratinocytes. And the effective compound of LJF which could show protective activities against UVB is chlorogenic acid. Thus, LJF and chlorogenic acid would be useful for the development of drug or cosmetics treating skin troubles.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.115-128
• /
• 2012

Objectives : To evaluate the in vitro scavenging activity, inhibitory effect of LDL oxidation of pro-oxidant reactive species, anti-platelet aggregative effects and anti-thrombosis effects in response to treatment with SA using various screening methods including biological and non-biological oxidants. Methods : The antioxidant activity concerning extract from SA was studied with in vitro methods by measuring the antioxidant activity by TEAC, measuring the scavenging effects on reactive oxygen species (ROS) [superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical] and on reactive nitrogen species (RNS) [nitric oxide and peroxynitrite] as well as measuring the inhibitory effect on $Cu^{2+}$-induced human LDL oxidation and the inhibitory effect on thrombin-induced platelet aggregation and thrombosis. Results : SA extracts were found to have a potent scavenging activity regarding oxidative stress as well as an inhibitory effect towards LDL oxidation, platelet aggregation, and thrombosis. Conclusions : The SA extracts have anti-oxidative and anti-atherosclerotic effects in vitro system, which can be used for developing pharmaceutical drugs against oxidative stress and atherosclerosis.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.99-110
• /
• 2014

Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the Anti-oxidation and anti-inflammatory effects of ethanol extract from asiasari radix (AR) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced in RAW 264.7 Cells Methods Anti-oxidative effects of AR were measured by scavenging activities of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in RAW 264.7 cells. Anti-inflammatory effects of AR were measured by mediators including nitric oxide(NO), interleukin-$1{\beta}$ (IL-$1{\beta}$), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necosis factors-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$) and iNOS, IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, TNF-${\alpha}$ mRNA expression in RAW 264.7 cells. Results Total phenolic content was expressed $28.77{\pm}1.67$. DPPH radical Scavenging was increased depend on AR ethanol extract. ABAT radical Scavenging was increased depend on AR ethanol extract. Production of ROS was significantly decreased by AR ethanol extract on concentration of 100 (${\mu}g/ml$). Production of NO was significantly decreased by AR ethanol extract on concentration of $100({\mu}g/ml)$. Production of IL-$1{\beta}$, interleukin-6 and TNF-${\alpha}$ were increased depend on AR ethanol extract. And Production of interleukin-6, TNF-${\alpha}$ were significantly decreased AR ethanol extract. iNOS, IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, TNF-${\alpha}$ mRNA expression of RAW 264.7 cells was increased depend on AR ethanol extract. Conclusions According to this study, AR ethanol extract has anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatoy effects.

• Biomedical Science Letters
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.161-168
• /
• 2007

Salicornia herbacea L. (Chenopodiaceae: S. herbacea) is a salt marsh plant, which has long been prescribed in traditional medicines for the treatment of intestinal ailments, nephropathy, and hepatitis in Oriental countries. In order to elucidate the mechanisms of this herb, we conducted an anti-oxidative activity, the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production, and the suppression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine genes, with the solvent-extracts of S. herbacea. We found that both ethyl acetate and n-butanol tractions showed potent anti-oxidative effects in comparison to other fractions using xanthine oxidase assay with $IC_{50}$ values of $66.0{\pm}0.5\;{\mu}g/ml$ and $82.5{\pm}3.8\;{\mu}g/ml$, respectively. In addition, both ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions showed more electron donating activity (EDA) than other tractions, according to DPPH (2, 2-Diphenyl-lpicrylhydrazyl radical) assay. The EDA of ethyl acetate fraction ($IC_{50}$ values of $117.5{\pm}3.8\;{\mu}g/ml$) is more significant than that of n-butanol fraction ($IC_{50}$ values of $375.0{\pm}12.5\;{\mu}g/ml$). Among potential anti-oxidative tractions, ethyl acetate traction dose-dependently suppressed lipopolysaccharide (LPS, $0.1\;{\mu}g/ml$)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW264.7 cell, while n-butanol did not. As expected, ethyl acetate fraction suppressed the expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) in RAW264.7 cell stimulated by $0.1\;{\mu}g/ml$ of LPS. Moreover, the ethyl acetate traction suppressed the expression of interleukin-1 $(IL)-1{\beta}$ and granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) mRNA in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Therefore, these results suggest that S. herbacea may have anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities by modulating radical-induced toxicity and various pro-inflammatory responses.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.401-409
• /
• 2010

This study was designed to investigate the effects of BojungIkkiTang-Gamybang freeze dried powder (BITG) on proliferauion, protective of cell death induced by chemicals such as paraquat, hydrogen peroxide etc and anti-oxidative effects in C6 glioma cells. In our results, BITC accelerated proliferation rates of C6 cells in vitro. In addition, protective effects on cell death induced by paraquat and hydrogen peroxide. And, BITC did not have effects on SOD and total glutathione activities, but decresed malone dialdehyde activity. In conclusion, these results suggest the possibility of BojungIkkiTang-Gamybang to protect brain cell or neuronal cell from damage induced by oxidative stress. And also suggest that related mechanisms are involved in malone dialdehyde activity.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
• /
• v.27 no.6
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 2012

Objectives : ROS are involved in a wide spectrum of diseases including chronic inflammation and cancer. S.chinensis Baill, a perennial herb commonly called Chinese lizard's tail or Sam-baek-cho in Korea, is used for the treatment of edema and inflammatory diseases in the Oriental folk medicine. In this study, we investigated the antioxidant activities and anti-inflammatory effects of the two extracts, water(WE) and ethyl acetate(EAE) from S.chinensis Baill. Methods : Anti-oxidant activity was evaluated using Fe2+ chelating and hydroxyl radical scavenging assay. DNA cleavage assay, and western blot and immunostaining for phospho-p65 were performed to evaluate anti-oxidative effect. Anti-inflammatory effect was performed using NO generation assay and western blot in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cell. Results : In Fe2+ chelating activity and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, WE showed more strong scavenging activity for hydroxyl radical than EAE. WE scavenged hydroxyl radical by 12% at 3.2 ${\mu}g/ml$, 21% at 16 ${\mu}g/ml$, 32% at 80 ${\mu}g/ml$, 66% at 400 ${\mu}g/ml$ and 82% at 2000 ${\mu}g/ml$, respectively. In addition, WE showed more strong chelating activity than EAE. WE chelated Fe2+ ion by 1.1% at 3.2 ${\mu}g/ml$, 8.2% at 16 ${\mu}g/ml$, 26.3% at 80 ${\mu}g/ml$, 72% at 400 ${\mu}g/ml$ and 89% at 2000 ${\mu}g/ml$, respectively. Also, WE inhibited oxidative damage via its anti-oxidant activity. In anti-inflammatory effect, EAE inhibited NO production and iNOS expression. In addition EAE suppressed the NF-${\kappa}B$ and MAPK signaling pathway in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Conclusions : Together, these data indicate that S. chinensis Baill, shows anti-oxidant activity and anti-inflammatory effect.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.40 no.1
• /
• pp.51-58
• /
• 2009

The anti-hyperlipidemic effects of an ethyl acetate fraction from Orostachy japonicus in a high lipid diet-induced hyperlipidemic rat model were assessed. The fraction, which contained kaempferol, astragalin, and isoquercitrin, was associated with significant weight loss and reduction of lipid contents in serum and liver tissues. The fraction, which contains mainly flavonoids, diminished the levels of malondialdehyde and hydroxyl radical, and increased the anti-oxidative enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. Reduced bleeding and plasma clotting times resulting from the administration of the ethyl acetate fraction may reduce cardiovascular disease associated with hyperlipidemia.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.29 no.3
• /
• pp.54-64
• /
• 2015

Objectives : This study was to investigate the anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effect of Lonicera japonica water extracts (LE) on Ulcerative Colitis Induced by DSS (Dextran Sulfate Sodium) in Mice. Methods : Colitis was induced by DSS in Balb/c mice. The sample group was divided into three. The mice in control group were not inflammation-induced. The pathological group was composed of untreated colitis elicited mice. The experimental group was administered Lonicera japonica water extracts (LE) after colitis elicitation. The effects on ulcerative colitis were evaluated the anti-oxidant effect, inhibition of COX-2 mRNA expression, the morphological change of colonic mucosa, decrease effect of HSP 70 and COX-2 in mucosa. Results : The SOD ability of LE was dose-dependently increased and the LPS-induced COX-2 mRNA expression of LE was dose-dependently decreased. LE showed the protective effects on DSS-induced experimental colitis. LE inhibited shortening of colon length, the hemorrhagic erosion in colonic mucosa. LE also showed the decrease effect for HSP70 and COX-2 in mucosa. Conclusions : The current results demonstrate the clinical utility of LE in traditional medicine and indicate the possible treatments for ulcerative colitis from natural products. Further investigations for exact mechanisms will be needed.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• v.38 no.4
• /
• pp.293-299
• /
• 2021

Background: This study sought to determine whether the antioxidant effects of astaxanthin (AST) could have an anti-inflammatory effect to reduce inflammation caused by atopic dermatitis (AD). Methods: Using a mouse model of AD induced by phtalic acid (PA), the levels of inflammation, inflammatory agents, and evidence of antioxidant activity were examined in PA treated mice (n = 3), PA-AST treated mice (n = 3), and a control group of mice (n = 3). This included measurements of ear thickness, levels of mast cells, IgE, inflammatory cytokine, malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide, HO-1, and GPx-1. Results: AST treatment significantly prevented inflammation as measured by ear thickness (p < 0.05), mast cell count (p < 0.001), and IgE concentration in the blood (p < 0.001). Levels of TNF-α (p < 0.001), IL-1β (p < 0.001), IL-6 (p < 0.001), and MDA (p < 0.05) were also significantly lower. In addition, GSH levels increased significantly (p < 0.001), and the level of hydrogen peroxide significantly reduced (p < 0.01). The expression of HO-1, GPx-1 increased. Conclusion: In this small experimental study, AST acted on inflammatory mechanisms that induced AD, through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms, and is a candidate of interest in the clinical treatment of AD.