• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.597-603
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• 2020

Red ginseng marc (RGM) has been used on primary industries using fertilizer or forage, and it mostly has been dumped. To improve utilization of RGM, the biological activities of RGM were examined. RGM was extracted and fractionated using various solvents and their biological activities were compared. The hexane fraction from the methanol extract of RGM (RGMMH) showed strong anti-cancer activity (58.56 ± 6.04% at 100 ㎍/mL) and anti-inflammatory effect (65.72 ± 1.33% at 100 ㎍/mL). But, oil extract of RGM extracted with hexane (RGMH) showed low activities (anti-cancer: 16.42 ± 3.33%, at 100 ㎍/mL, anti-inflammatory activity: 29.46 ± 2.10%, at 100 ㎍/mL). Their metabolites were analyzed using HPLC. Panaxydol known as anti-cancer compound of RGM was one of major compounds in RGMMH. Meanwhile, panaxydol was detected in trace amount in red ginseng marc oil (RGMH). In addition, RGMMH and RGMH showed big differences in HPLC profiling. This research suggests optimal extraction method of RGM oil.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.11-19
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• 2015

Islanding is a phenomenon that EPS(Electric Power System) is continuously energized by PV PCS(Photovoltaic Power Conditioning System) even when EPS is isolated from the grid. Unintentional islanding will result in safety hazard, power quality degradation and many other issues. So, islanding protection of grid-connected PV PCS is a key function for standards compliance. Nowadays, many anti-islanding schemes are researched. But existing anti-islanding schemes used in PV PCS have power quality degradation and non-detection zone issues. This paper analyses not only detection performance of existed anti-islanding schemes using active frequency drift but also THD of PCS output current according to each value disturbance for anti-islanding. In addition, the lowest value of disturbance in each scheme was tabulated under guarantee of anti-islanding condition.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.375-378
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• 2009

DDoS attacks make people can't using normal internet service, because DDoS attacks cause exhaustion of network bandwidth or exhaustion of computer system resources by using many personal computers or servers which already infected computer virus from hackers. Recent DDoS attacks attack government brach, financial institution, even IT security company. IT security companies make Anti-DDoS product for defense from DDoS attack. But, There is no standard for BMT of Anti-DDoS product. In this dissertation, Anti-DDoS product quality characteristics of the survey analysis to evaluate them by comparing the assessment items were derived.

• BMB Reports
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.200-205
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• 2024

We conducted a comprehensive series of molecular biological studies aimed at unraveling the intricate mechanisms underlying the anti-fibrotic effects of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) when used in conjunction with fully covered self-expandable metal stents (FCSEMS) for the management of benign biliary strictures (BBS). To decipher the molecular mechanisms responsible for the anti-fibrotic effects of corticosteroids on gallbladder mucosa, we conducted a comprehensive analysis. This analysis included various methodologies such as immunohisto-chemistry, ELISA, real-time PCR, and transcriptome analysis, enabling us to examine alterations in factors related to fibrosis and inflammation at both the protein and RNA levels. Overall, our findings revealed a dose-dependent decrease in fibrosis-related signaling with higher TA concentrations. The 15 mg of steroid treatment (1X) exhibited anti-fibrosis and anti-inflammatory effects after 4 weeks, whereas the 30 mg of steroid treatment (2X) rapidly reduced fibrosis and inflammation within 2 weeks in BBS. Transcriptomic analysis results consistently demonstrated significant downregulation of fibrosis- and inflammation-related pathways and genes in steroid-treated fibroblasts. Use of corticosteroids, specifically TA, together with FCSEMS was effective for the treatment of BBS, ameliorating fibrosis and inflammation. Our molecular biological analysis supports the potential development of steroid-eluted FCSEMS as a therapeutic option for BBS in humans resulting from various surgical procedures.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.69-77
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• 1984

Anti-coagulant activities of 25 species of medicinal plants which have been related to "blood" in ethnobotany, were evaluated by plasma recalcification time test. Among these, Artemisiae Herba showed the strongest activity. Its anti-clotting component was purified by using DEAE-cellulose, Sephadex G-75, and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. Its active compound has an average molecular weight of approximately $10^{4}$ and it was turned to be an acidic polysaccharide composed of galacturonic acid and rhamnose (7 : 2) by chemical analysis and spectral data.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.59-63
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• 2010

In this paper, an electroelastic analysis is performed on a piezoelectric material with an open crack in anti-plane deformation. Bueckner’s weight function theory is extended to piezoelectric materials in anti-plane deformation. The stress intensity factors and electric displacement intensity factor are calculated by the weight function theory.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.173-182
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• 2013

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory skin disease associated with dysfunction of skin barrier and cutaneous hyper-reactivity to environmental triggers. In the previous study, cytotoxicity, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic activities were investigated for various herbal extracts such as Aloe vera L. (AV), Viola mandshurica W. Becker (VM), Punica granatum L. (PG), and Dendrobium nobile L. (DN) in order to develop effective therapeutic herbal extracts for atopic dermatitis, In this study, anti-inflammatory activities of these herb extracts in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophage RAW264.7 cells were further examined to find the underlying molecular mechanisms. The RT-PCR (reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction) analysis showed that PG, DN and AV inhibited effectively the gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-$1{\beta}$ in LPS-stimulated macrophages, while VM did not. The transfection and luciferase analysis exhibited that all herbal extracts hindered the activation of transcription nuclear factor kappa B (NF-${\kappa}B$). The western blot analysis indicated that AV blocked the activation of only JNK MAP (c-Jun N-terminal kinase mitogen-activated protein) kinase not p38 MAP kinase, while VM, PG and DN did not show the activation of both JNK and p38 MAP kinases. These results suggest that AV, VM, PG, and DN have anti-inflammatory activities and thus have the potential to reduce and alleviate the symptoms of atopic dermatitis.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.651-667
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• 2010

In this paper, using a meta analysis of anti-hyperlipidemia effect of soybeans were studied. Studied the effects of soybeans using Hedges' standardized mean difference looked at the effect. Applying the fixed-effects model analysis of fecal cholesterol and total cholesterol and triglycerides showed a statistically significant reduction in HDL cholesterol increase was statistically significant at. In addition, the homogeneity of all variables by running the test did not meet the homogeneity of the kidney weight, between weight, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, total cholesterol, and triglycerides in the random effects model against the results of the analysis conducted by a statistically significant variable that did not.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.42 no.8
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• pp.579-588
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• 2019

Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) is a popular tool to identify underlying biological processes in clinical samples using their gene expression phenotypes. GSEA measures the enrichment of annotated gene sets that represent biological processes for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in clinical samples. GSEA may be suboptimal for functional gene sets; however, because DEGs from the expression dataset may not be functional genes per se but dysregulated genes perturbed by bona fide functional genes. To overcome this shortcoming, we developed network-based GSEA (NGSEA), which measures the enrichment score of functional gene sets using the expression difference of not only individual genes but also their neighbors in the functional network. We found that NGSEA outperformed GSEA in identifying pathway gene sets for matched gene expression phenotypes. We also observed that NGSEA substantially improved the ability to retrieve known anti-cancer drugs from patient-derived gene expression data using drug-target gene sets compared with another method, Connectivity Map. We also repurposed FDA-approved drugs using NGSEA and experimentally validated budesonide as a chemical with anti-cancer effects for colorectal cancer. We, therefore, expect that NGSEA will facilitate both pathway interpretation of gene expression phenotypes and anti-cancer drug repositioning. NGSEA is freely available at www.inetbio.org/ngsea.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.254-254
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• 2022

Astragalus membranaceus (A. membranaceus) has traditionally been used as a medicinal plant in East Asia for the treatment ofvarious diseases. A. membranaceus belongs to the legume family and is known to be rich in substances such as flavonoids and saponins. Recent pharmacological studies of A. membranaceus have shown that the plant has immunomodulatory, anti-oxidant, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory effects. However, knowledge of major biosynthetic pathways in A. membranaceu is still lacking. Recently developed sequencing techniques enable high-quality transcriptome analysis in plants, which is recognized as an important part in elucidating the regulatory mechanisms of many plant secondary metabolic pathways. However, it is difficult to predict the number of transcripts because plant transcripts contain a large number of isoforms due to alternative splicing events, which can vary depending on the assembly platform used. In this study, we constructed three unigene sets using Pac-Bio isoform sequencing, Trinity and rnaSPAdes assembly for detailed transcriptome analysis mA. membranaceus. Furthermore, all genes involved in the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway were searched from three unigene sets, and structural comparisons and expression profiles between these genes were analyzed. The isoflavone synthesis was active in most tissues. Flavonol synthesis was mainly active in leaves and flowers, and anthocyanin synthesis was specific in flowers. Gene structural analysis revealed structural differences in the flavonoid-related genes derived from the three unigene sets. This study suggests the need for the application of multiple unigene sets for the analysis of key biosynthetic pathways in plants.