• Anxiety and mood
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.56-64
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• 2022

Objective : Creating a psychologically stable indoor environment is a significant factor in modern life. This study was conducted to confirm which type of wood interior decorating environment was beneficial for improving depression and anxiety. Methods : A total of 59 participants will randomly assign to each accommodation by dividing the rest of the three setting with the same structure with 0% wood interior decorating environment, 45% wood environment, and 90% wood environment. The Psychological evaluation measured at three time points, was before exposure to the wood environment (T1), 45 minutes after exposure to the wood environment (T2), and 20 hours after exposure to the wood environment (T3). Results : As a result of examining the effect of the wood interior use ratio on psychological variables, After about 20 hours (T3), there were significant differences in mood state_vigor-activity(𝛘²=7.253, p<0.05), mood state_tension-anxiety (𝛘²=7.041, p<0.05), mood state_anger-hostility(𝛘²=8.318, p<0.05), and state anxiety (𝛘²=7.680, p<0.05). State anxiety also showed a significant difference in T2 (𝛘²=8.811, p<.05). As a result of analyzing the effect on satisfaction and subjective impression, there was a significant difference in satisfaction (𝛘²=6.300, p<0.05) and 'pleasant (𝛘²=6.930, p<0.05), airy (𝛘²=6.628, p<0.05), masculine (𝛘²=6.906, p<0.05), ordinary(𝛘²=6.662, p<0.05), natural (𝛘²=13.924, p<0.001), calm (𝛘²=13.106, p<0.001), safe (𝛘²=7.755, p<0.05)'. Conclusion : The wood interior decorating environment had a positive effect on anxiety and mood, such as lowering depressive and anxious mood and increasing positive changes and as the ratio of wood decoration increased, it had a greater positive effect on emotions.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.191-203
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• 2024

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of an integrated medical service model for a fibromyalgia patient and their caregiver, focusing on reducing pain and improving quality of life. Methods: A single-case study design was employed, involving a fibromyalgia patient and their primary caregiver treated at W University Hospital. The integrated medical service program, based on the Ministry of Health and Welfare's model, included medical consultations and complementary therapies such as psychological counseling, art therapy, music therapy, horticultural therapy, yoga, and meditation. The program was conducted weekly for 8 weeks, with each session lasting up to 100 minutes. Data collection involved both quantitative and qualitative assessments. Quantitative data included demographic surveys, psychological tests, health-related quality of life measures, pain indices, and sleep quality indices. Qualitative data were gathered through feedback evaluations and emotional assessments. Results: The patient showed improvements in mobility, self-care, daily activities, and anxiety/depression, with EQ-VAS scores increasing from 20 to 40 and pain perception decreasing from 67.41 to 42.58. The caregiver reported reduced anxiety/depression and an increase in EQ-VAS scores from 95 to 98. Both patient and caregiver exhibited emotional changes, with decreased depression and increased happiness. However, the patient showed an increase in fear and anger. Conclusions: The integrated medical service model positively impacted the emotional and psychological well-being of the fibromyalgia patient and their caregiver. Despite the limitations of a small sample size and a single-case study design, the findings suggest that an integrated approach can be beneficial. Larger-scale studies are needed to confirm and generalize these results.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.115-140
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• 2024

Objectives: This study investigates the impact of M&L psychotherapy on an adolescent with anxiety disorders transitioning into adulthood, using a retrospective mixed-method approach. Methods: An adolescent with Diagnostic Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-5-diagnosed anxiety disorders underwent combined treatment with M&L psychotherapy and complex Korean medicine therapy over a period of approximately two years. Patient records tracked the diagnosis, treatments, and progress. In-depth interviews were also conducted. The study used a convergent parallel mixed-method approach, integrating quantitative analysis from psychological assessments, including the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-X), the Core Seven Emotions Inventory-short form (CSEI-s), and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2), with qualitative analyses of traditional Korean medicine counseling session notes, interviews, and other qualitative psychological assessments. Results: State anxiety decreased from 40 to 36, and trait anxiety decreased from 42 to 34. MMPI-2 L scale scores decreased slightly to 64T, whereas S scale scores increased to 62T, and FRS scores decreased to 70T from an initial score of 78T. Qualitative analysis revealed an increase in the MMPI-2 Es scale, identified as "subjectivity." Joy (喜) emerged as the highest emotional profile score in the CSEI-S. Scores for anger (怒), thought (思), fear (恐), and fright (驚) decreased, indicating improved negative emotions. Qualitatively, expressions of determination to "move forward" and "strengthen the mind" were noted, suggesting enhanced "lower danjeon (下丹田)." Conclusions: Integrating traditional Korean medicine treatment with M&L psychotherapy for a vulnerable adolescent with anxiety disorders demonstrated efficacy. Further research is warranted to substantiate the effectiveness of M&L psychotherapy and advocate for its wider adoption in mainstream practice.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.31
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• pp.19.1-19.7
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• 2016

A large portion of the Korean population has been exposed to toxic humidifier disinfectants (HDs), and considering that the majority of the victims are infants, the magnitude of the damage is expected to be considerably larger than what has currently been revealed. The current victims are voicing problems caused by various diseases, including but not limited to lung, upper respiratory tract, cardiovascular, kidney, musculoskeletal, eye, and skin diseases, etc. However, there has been difficulty in gaining validation for these health problems and identifying causal relationships due to lack of evidence proving that toxic HD is the specific causes of extrapulmonary diseases such as allergic rhinitis. Furthermore, the victims and bereaved families of the HD case have not received any support for psychological distress such as post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, feelings of injustice, and anger caused by the trauma. In addition, because the underlying mechanisms of the toxic materials within the HDs such as polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate, poly(oxyalkylene guanidine) hydrochloride, chloromethylisothiazolinone /methylisothiazolinone have yet to be determined, the demand for information regarding the HD issue is growing. The victims of the HD cases require support that goes beyond financial aid for medical costs and living expenses. There is a desperate need for government-led integrated support centers that provide individualized support through health screenings; in other words, we need an integrated facility that provides the appropriate social support to allow the victims to recover their physical and mental health, so as to well prepare them to return to a normal life. The implementation of such a plan requires not only the close cooperation between those departments already directly involved such as the Ministry of Environment and the Ministry of Health and Welfare, but also active support on a national scale from pan-governmental consultative bodies.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.169-188
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• 2009

Objectives : The purpose of this research is to examine the effect of Bunsimgi-eum on the chest discomfort of Hwa-byung's major symptom. Methods : In this randomized, double blinded, placebo-controlled study, we planned to give Bunsimgi-eum or controlled medication for major symptoms of Hwa-byung. As preparatory research, 100 mm Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) for chest discomfort, the Hwa-byung' major symptom was measured as the 1st evaluative instrument, and Likert scale for major symptom of Hwa-byung, Korean State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory(STAXI-K), Korean State-Trait Anxiety Inventory(STAI-K), Korean Beck's Depression Inventory(BDI-K) and Heart Rate Variability(HRV) were also measured as the 2nd evaluative instrument at the before treatment. Results : Clinical characteristics-vital signs & demographic characteristics showed no significant difference between both groups. The characteristics of disease-chief complaint, pattern Identification, period, etiological factor, etc, also showed no significant difference between both groups. There were almost no Coincidence between pattern identification & weight of Hwa-byung's major symptoms. The results of Chest PA, EKG and clinicopathologic examination showed no significant difference between both groups. There were no significant difference between both groups in all valuation scales; 100 mm Visual Analogue Scale for chest discomfort, the Hwa-byung' major symptom was measured as the 1st evaluative instrument, and Likert scale for major symptom of Hwa-byung, STAXI-K, STAI-K, BDI-K and HRV. Conclusions : We considered that establishment of experimental group and controlled group was objective and worth conducting this research. And this methodology is expected to be applied to the subsequent research. And also, we hope to make up for this study through various study and discussion.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.51-58
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• 2016

This study examined the difference between the deaf and hearing adolescents of experiencing emotions and the intensity levels of expressing them. Three different video clips were used to induce pleasure, anger, and sadness. While watching the clips, facial expressions of the participants were recorded. The experienced emotions were measured by a self-report method, and the third person rated participants' expressed emotions based upon the recorded facial images. Two groups (deaf and hearing) were compared if those two groups shared the same experienced emotions, and whether the ratings scored by the third person corresponded with the self-rated scores. There was no significant difference in experienced emotion and its intensity level. However, hearing adolescents showed more intensive responses of pleasure than they reported, while deaf adolescents showed less intensive expressions of happiness than they reported themselves. Thus, hearing people might not be able to detect and fully comprehend how the deaf feel in general circumstances. This further indicates that the deaf adolescents cannot get enough supports from the hearing people when they express their feelings, and consequently, have a possibility of causing misunderstandings, conflicts, or even a break in relationships.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.15-24
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• 2003

Objectives: The object of this study was to compare perceived stress and quality of life among patients with HIV infection, patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and normal controls. Methods: Stress response inventory(SRI) and Symptom checklist 90-Revised(SCL-90-R) were used to measure perceived stress responses and psychopathology. Smithklein Beecham quality of life scale was used to measure quality of life. Results: Patients with HIV infection scored significantly higher on scores of tension, anger, depression, fatigue and frustration subscale of the SRI than those with pulmonary tuberculosis and normal controls. Scores of the SCL-90-R, somatization, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation and psychoticism subscale were also significantly higher in patients with HIV infection than those with pulmonary tuberculosis and normal controls. Patients with HIV infection scored significantly lower in quality of life than those with pulmonary tuberculosis. In patients with HIV infection, age had a significantly negative correlation with scores of somatization, obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation and psychoticism subscale of the SCL-90-R. but the level of education had a significantly positive correlation with somatization, obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation and psychoticism subscale of the SCL-90-R. Conclusion: The results suggest that patients with HIV positive were likely to have higher levels of perceived stress response and psychopathology, and lower quality of life than those with pulmonary tuberculosis and normal controls.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.120-129
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• 2002

Objectives : The object of this study was to compare perceived stress and quality of life among patients with HIV infection, patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and normal controls Methods: Stress Response Inventory(SRI) and Symptom checklist 90-Revised(SCL-90-R) were used to measure perceived stress responses and psychopathology. Smithklein Beecham quality of life scale was used to measure quality of life. Results : Patients with HIV infection scored significantly higher on scores of tension, anger, depression, fatigue and frustration subscale of the SRI than those with pulmonary tuberculosis and normal controls. Scores of the SCL-90-R, somatization, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation and psychoticism subscale were also significantly higher in patients with HIV infection than those with pulmonary tuberculosis and normal controls. Patients with HIV infection scored significantly lower in quality of life than those with pulmonary tuberculosis. In patients with HIV infection, age had a significantly negative correlation with scores of somatization, obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation and psychoticism sub scale of the SCL-90-R. but the level of education had a significantly positive correlation with somatization, obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation and psychoticism sub scale of the SCL-90-R. Conclusion : The results suggest that patients with HIV positive were likely to have higher levels of perceived stress response and psychopathology, and lower quality of life than those with pulmonary tuberculosis and normal controls.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.226-241
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• 1999

This study was undertaken to find out the causal perception of rheumatoid arthritis patients, and to understand the typology. The Q-population consisted of 236 statements of causal perception were collected. Thirty eight Q-samples of causal perception were selected. The P-sample for this study were made up of 28 first visiting female rheumatoid arthritis patients from a rheumatoid arthritis specialty hospital. Each respondent responded Q-set of causal perception according to 9-point scale. The result of Q-sorting were coded and analyzed using QUANL PC program. 1) Typological Observation on Causal Perception (1) Physical Fatigue Type : Type 1 perceived that the illness occurred due to excessive work requiring physical labor or strain that had occurred from not resting after excessive physical labor, therefore, thinking the origin of the illness was from physical strain. (2) Physical origin Type : Type 2 perceived that the major cause for the illness is not only excessive physical labour but also fecundity and old age. (3) Causality to Environment Type : Type 3 perceived that rheumatoid arthritis occurred from injury to the joints or bad and humid weather. (4) Conscience of Guilty Type : Type 4 consisted of people with guilty conscience for lack of religious commitment. They perceived that the illness was a punishment from God for not praying or because of bad luck. (5) Rationally Perceiving Type : People who belong in type 5 perceived the cause of illness in light of scientific facts such as genetics, unbalanced diet or lack of exercise. (6) Psychological Stress Type : People who belong in type 6 believed that excessive stress was the cause of the illness. 2) Emotions of Rheumatoid arthritis patients Rheumatoid arthritis patients' positive emotions included determination, courage, coping, acceptance, hope, and adoption ; and their negative emotions were prostration, worry, stupor, conflicts, grievance, giving-up, resignation, depression, loss, solitariness, fear, anxiety, avoidance, anger and loneliness. Rheumatoid arthritis patients experience different level of emotions from their suffering experience from the severe pains. Rheumatoid arthritis patients also experience negative emotions when they could not perform self-care and lose their self-esteem from painful suffering ; however, they regain positive emotions when they recover from pain with the use of drugs, physical therapy or exercise. Their emotional states are closely connected to level of and presence of pain.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.421-432
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• 2020

This study was designed to determine the Internet game and smartphone usage status of senior elementary school students. Data were collected from 6 October 2018 to 30 September 2019, and 1618 subjects were analyzed using SPSS 18.0. As a result of the study, the I-GUESS rating was 6.1% in the high-risk group, and, the S-scale ratios were 10.1% for the potential-risk group and 0.8% for the high-risk group. Physical problems related to Internet games and using smartphones were experienced by 36.0% of the students, with eye fatigue being the highest at 20.4%. Emotional problems were found in 18.5% of the students, with anger being the highest at 6.8%. Social problems were experienced by 21.8% of the students, conflicts with parents being the highest at 10.3%. As a result of surveying the main content based on S-scale and I-GUESS, it was found that the higher the S-scale ratio and the I-GUESS rating, the more broadcast content was used. The correlation between I-GUESS rating and S-scale ratio showed that the higher the I-GUESS rating, the higher the S-scale ratio, and the higher the S-scale ratio, the higher the I-GUESS rating. Future research is necessary to develop an intervention program for elementary school students from a preventive perspective.