• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권15호
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• pp.6109-6113
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• 2014

Background: Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease with molecular subtypes that have biological distinctness and different behavior. They are classified into luminal A, luminal B, Her-2 and triple negative/basal-like molecular subtypes. Most of breast cancers reported in Indonesia are already large size, with high grade or late stage but the clinicopathological features of different molecular subtypes are still unclear. They need to be better clarified to determine proper treatment and prognosis. Aim: To elaborate the clinicopathological features of molecular subtypes of breast cancers in Indonesian women. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study of 84 paraffin-embedded tissues of breast cancer samples from Dr. Sardjito General Hospital in Central Java, Indonesia was performed. Expression of ER, PR, Her-2 and Ki-67 was analyzed to classify molecular subtypes of breast cancer by immunohistochemistry. The relation of clinicopathological features of breast cancers with molecular subtypes of luminal A, luminal B, Her-2 and triple negative/basal-like were analyzed using Pearson's Chi-Square test. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Case frequency of luminal A, Luminal B, Her-2+ and triple negative/basal-like subtypes were 38.1%, 16.7%, 20.2% and 25%, respectively. Significant difference was found in breast cancer molecular subtypes in regard to age, histological grade, lymph node status and staging. However it showed insignificant result in regard to tumor size. Luminal A subtype of breast cancer was commonly found in >50 years old women (p:0.028), low grade cancer (p:0.09), negative lymph node metastasis (p:0.034) and stage III (p:0.017). Eventhough the difference was insignificant, luminal A subtype breast cancer was mostly found in small size breast cancer (p:0.129). Her-2+ subtype breast cancer was more commonly diagnosed with large size, positive lymph node metastasis and poor grade. Triple negative/basal-like cancer was mostly diagnosed among <50 years old women. Conclusions: This study suggests that immunohistochemistry-based subtyping is essential to classify breast carcinoma into subtypes that vary in clinicopathological features, implying different therapeutic options and prognosis for each subtype.

• 생약학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.193-196
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• 1983

The internal structures of the stem and root of the genus Solidago have been elucidated. A key based on the anatomical features of them was also established.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제33권4호통권132호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2005

목재에 대한 탈리그닌처리에 의한 목재의 흡음성능과 구조적 특징의 변화를 관찰하고자 목재횡단방향으로 채취한 원반형시험편을 탈리그닌처리하여 무 처리 목재와 구조적 특징의 변화를 관찰하고, 흡음율을 측정 비교하였다. 측정주파수범위에서 탈리그닌처리한 시험편이 보통의 시험편보다 높은 흡음율을 나타내었으며, 특히 2~4 KHz의 주파수영역에서는 50% 정도 높은 흡음율을 나타내었다. 또한 탈리그닌처리한 목재는 무 처리 목재보다 중량이 8% 정도 감소하였으며, 탈리그닌처리한 목재의 횡단면에서는 다수의 미세할렬이 발생하여 이들이 흡음공극으로 작용하여 특정주파수영역에서 흡음율이 증가된 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.28-35
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• 1991

So-called sclerosing hemangioma of the lung is a rare benign neoplasm which usually presents with a coin lesion detected through routine chest X-ray. We report two cases showing characteristic cytologic appearances which have been rarely reported. Both cases were young females with coin lesions in the lung. Fine needle aspiration of each case revealed unique but some different cytologic features. Case 1 showed bland-looking polygonal epithelial cells resembling bronchioloalveolar cells haying predominantly papillary configurations with loosely arranged solid sheets or isolated cells. Cytoplasms were plump, cyanophilic, and finely granular, with eccentric nuclei. The nuclei were usually monotonous, round-to-ovoid, and vesicular with a small but conspicuous nucleolus. In comparison to case 1, case 2 revealed largely loose pavement-like solid sheets or clusters rather than papillary patterns in the hemorrhagic background. The size of tumor cells were a little smaller than that of case 1. Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma and papillary adenocarcinoma of metastatic origin were considered to be one of the important differential diagnoses with these cytologic features. Histologically, both cases exhibited findings compatible with so-called sclerosing hemangioma of the lung.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2018

Objectives : Saururus chinensis and Houttuynia cordata (Saururaceae) are perennial herbs using for medicinal purposes in Korea. The objectives of this study are to compare anatomical key characters between two medicinal plants and to provide fundamental information for the identification of two herbal medicines by using anatomical features. Methods : Cross-sections of root, rhizome, stem, petiole, and leaf for each species were observed in this study. Materials were analyzed through dehydration, paraffin embedding and micro-sectioning, and double staining with Safranin O and Fast-Green FCF. Observations of permanent preparation were conducted using light microscope. Results : S. chinensis and H. cordata were distinguished with anatomical differentiations; Idioblasts with essential oil were scattered in the parenchyma cell of cortex, pith, and phloem of S. chinensis, on the other hand, in H. cordata, idioblasts were distributed ring-shaped in the cortex of the root. S. chinensis had two cycles of vascular bundles in the stem while H. cordata had one cycle. Hypodermis layer was conspicuous in a stem of H. cordata, crystals were observed the only parenchyma in a stem of S. chinensis, and epidermal oil cells were developed in the epidermis of H. cordata. S. chinensis had air cavity at the cortex and pith of the stem. The shape of cross-section was polygonal in the stem of S. chinensis and was circular in the stem of H. cordata. Conclusions : We investigated anatomical study of Korean S. chinensis and H. cordata. To identify two herbal medicines, we considered main anatomical features and provided identification key here.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.17-32
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• 2023

Objectives : This paper investigates the background, meaning and origin of the descriptions of the Heart such as 'seven orifices', 'sanmao', 'saw-toothed four layered lines' that are unique to the diagram in the Donguibogam. Methods : First the Heart diagram of the Donguibogam was compared with other Zhangfu diagrams of the past. Materials related to unique features in the descriptions of the Heart in the Donguibogam were collected, against which descriptive features were analyzed. Results : Of the many unique features, the descriptive basis of the 'seven orifices' could be found in the Qixingban[七星板] as a physical entity reflecting basic anatomical knowledge. The 'sanmao', which is compared to the Santaixing[三台星], could be understood as a non-physical entity whose descriptive basis could be found in the Xinxuetu of the Xinching. It could be assumed that the 'saw-toothed four layered lines' are likened to the multi-layered petals or calyx of a lotus flower bud to describe the Pericardium, or to the multiple walls of a mountain fortress surrounding a palace to describe the Danzhong, which is the chest cavity. These features could be understood as results of spiritualism influence. Conclusions : It could be concluded that Heo Jun, in his attempt to describe the Heart in more detail than previous diagrams of the Zangfu, referenced popular texts and images based on anatomical knowledge of previous texts, added varied descriptions resulting in a new diagram with a completely different origin.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.491-495
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• 2016

Background: Small B-cell non-Hodgkins lymphoma (NHL) is difficult to be distinguished from non-neoplastic reactive processes using conventional haematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining due to different interpretations among pathologists with diagnosis based on morphologic features. Ancillary examinations such as immunohistochemical (IHC) staining are essential. However, negative or doubtful results are still sometimes obtained due to unsatisfactory tissue processing or IHC technique. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as a molecular diagnostic technique is very sensitive and specific. Clonality detection of heavy chain immunoglobulin (IgH) gene rearrangement has been widely used to establish diagnosis of B-cell NHL. Aims: To elaborate interobserver variation in small B-cell NHL diagnosis based on morphologic features only and to confirm sensitivity and specificity of the PCR technique as an ancillary method. Materials and Methods: A toptal of 28 samples of small B cell NHL and suspicious lymphoma were interpreted by 3 pathologists in Sardjito General Hospital based on their morphology only. The reliability of assessment and the coefficient of interobserver agreement were calculated by Fleiss kappa statistics. Interpretation results were confirmed with IHC staining (CD20, CD3, Bcl2). PCR was performed to analyze the clonality of IgH gene rearrangement. Results: Interobserver agreement in morphologic evalution of small B cell NHL and chronic lymphadenitis revealed kappa coefficient 0.69 included in the substantial agreement category. The cases were divided into 3 groups based on morphology and IHC results; lymphoma, reactive process and undetermined group. PCR analysis showed 90% sensitivity and 60% specificity. Conclusions: The present study revealed a substantial agreement among pathologists in small B-cell NHL diagnosis. For difficult cases, PCR is useful as complementary method to morphologic and IHC examinations to establish definitive diagnosis.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.392-404
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• 2016

한국산 골풀속 19 분류군에 대하여 해부학적 형질의 유용성을 검토하고자 연구를 수행하였다. 줄기, 잎, 삭과 등을 횡단하여 관찰하였으며, 주요 형질을 도해하고, 기재하였다. 또한 해부학적 형질에 근거한 검색표를 작성하였고, 분류군간 차이점을 표로 제시하였다. 연구 결과, 줄기의 유관속, 섬유, 기도의 배열양상과 잎의 형태, 유관속 및 유조직의 배열양상, 삭과에서 태좌의 발달정도 등의 형질들이 골풀속 식물의 분류에 매우 유용한 것으로 확인되었다. 그러나 일부 분류군에서는 근연 분류군과의 분류형질로 유용한 것으로 밝혀졌지만, 종 수준보다는 절 또는 아속 수준의 분류에 더 유용한 것으로 확인되었다. 따라서 해부학적 형질은 다른 외부형태학적 형질과 더불어 보다 자연적인 분류체계 설정에 기여할 수 있을 것이라 판단되었다.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.47-52
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• 2000

Diffuse sclerosing papillary carcinoma(DSPC), a variant of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid, is characterized by diffuse involvement of one or both thyroid lobes, and histologic features such as prominent sclerosis, intense lymphocytic infiltrate, numerous psammoma bodies, and squamous metaplasia together with the characteristic cytoarchitectural pattern of classical papillary carcinoma. We experienced a case of fine needle aspiration cytologic(FNAC) findings of DSPC, which was confirmed by histologic examination of the thyroidectomy specimens. The patient was 26 years old female who presented with diffuse firm enlargement of the thyroid gland with enlargement of many cervical lymph nodes. FNAC smears showed numerous psammoma bodies, many lymphocytes, metaplastic squamous cells, absence of stringy colloid, and epithelial cells showing classical features of papillary carcinoma, such as nuclear grooves, intranuclear unclusions, and ground glass chromatin pattern.

• 생약학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.93-98
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• 1982

The internal structure and surface view of the leaves of the genus Solidago have been clarified. A key based on the anatomical features has been constructed.