• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.843-847
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• 2023

In this paper, we propose a model for detecting efficient fire identification to prevent fires that can lead to various industrial accidents, farmland and large forest fires, with the widespread use of various chemicals and flammable substances as modern technology advances. This paper presents an algorithm that can detect fire smoke in a high-efficiency and short time using images, and an algorithm based on SVM(Support Vector Machine) and K fold cross-verification technologies. By analyzing images, fire and smoke detection algorithms have relatively superior detection performance compared to existing algorithms, and the analysis of fire and smoke characteristics detected in this paper is analyzed stably and efficiently and is expected to be used in various fields that may be exposed to fire risks in the future.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.28 no.10
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• pp.207-215
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• 2023

The ship system is complex and advanced, and the operation relationship between each element is very high. So it is necessary to approach it in terms of an overall and integrated system in addition to the traditional sequential approach of finding and removing the direct cause of the accident when analyzing the accident. In this study, it is analyzed the recent fire accidents on ships occurred the Korean terrestrial water using a STAMP methodology that is different from conventional accident analysis techniques. This analysis reviews a range of factors, including safety requirements to prevent fires in ships, inappropriate decisions and actions, situations, equipment defects, and recommendations derived from accident analysis results. Through a comprehensive approach to accident prevention using STAMP, alternative evaluations are presented at the component level within the entire system of ships, and they are systematically used for accident prevention and risk evaluation as well as simple accident analysis.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.39 no.5_2
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• pp.837-847
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• 2023

In this study, we explored a method for assessing the extent of damage caused by chemical substances at an accident site through the use of a vegetation index. Data collection involved the deployment of two different drone types, and the damaged area was determined using photogrammetry technology from the 3D point cloud data. To create a vegetation index image, we utilized spectral band data from a multi-spectral sensor to generate an orthoimage. Subsequently, we conducted statistical analyses of the accident site with respect to the damaged area using a predefined threshold value. The Kappa values for the vegetation index, based on the near-infrared band and the green band, were found to be 0.79 and 0.76, respectively. These results suggest that the vegetation index-based approach for analyzing damage areas can be effectively applied in investigations of chemical accidents.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.79-87
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• 2023

In recent years, the population of children has been declining in Korea. Moreover, the phenomenon of elementary school closures is on the rise, particularly in non-urban and some new city areas, highlighting the need for school buses for children. Despite the mandatory safety features in place, accidents involving school buses for children are on the rise, underscoring the need for improvement in the safety of these vehicles. While various studies have been conducted to enhance the safety of children during their school commute, there has been a notable gap in research analyzing the school commuting environment concerning the vehicle safety of these buses. Hence, this study aims to develop a set of service evaluation criteria for school bus routes, considering vehicle safety through the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). By conducting a survey to gather information on the current status of school buses for children and through questionnaires targeting stakeholders in the school bus sector, the study analyzed requirements and operating conditions. These results were used to select evaluation criteria and structure the hierarchy based on the external and internal aspects of school bus services. Through AHP surveys conducted based on the designed criteria, experts identified safety as the most crucial aspect, with a specific emphasis on Vehicle Safety. Using these developed service evaluation criteria, the study plans to identify service-vulnerable routes through a real route analysis and recommend improvements, with the ultimate goal of creating a safe and convenient school commuting environment for children.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.11-19
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• 2024

This paper was studied abouta technology for detecting damage to temporary works equipment used in construction sites with explainable artificial intelligence (XAI). Temporary works equipment is mostly composed of steel or aluminum, and it is reused several times due to the characters of the materials in temporary works equipment. However, it sometimes causes accidents at construction sites by using low or decreased quality of temporary works equipment because the regulation and restriction of reuse in them is not strict. Currently, safety rules such as related government laws, standards, and regulations for quality control of temporary works equipment have not been established. Additionally, the inspection results were often different according to the inspector's level of training. To overcome these limitations, a method based with AI and image processing technology was developed. In addition, it was devised by applying explainableartificial intelligence (XAI) technology so that the inspector makes more exact decision with resultsin damage detect with image analysis by the XAI which is a developed AI model for analysis of temporary works equipment. In the experiments, temporary works equipment was photographed with a 4k-quality camera, and the learned artificial intelligence model was trained with 610 labelingdata, and the accuracy was tested by analyzing the image recording data of temporary works equipment. As a result, the accuracy of damage detect by the XAI was 95.0% for the training dataset, 92.0% for the validation dataset, and 90.0% for the test dataset. This was shown aboutthe reliability of the performance of the developed artificial intelligence. It was verified for usability of explainable artificial intelligence to detect damage in temporary works equipment by the experiments. However, to improve the level of commercial software, the XAI need to be trained more by real data set and the ability to detect damage has to be kept or increased when the real data set is applied.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.237-246
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• 2024

In recent years, the frequent occurrence of fire accidents in university libraries has posed significant threats to the safety of students' lives and property, alongside negative social impacts. Accurately analyzing the factors affecting evacuation during library fires and proposing optimized measures for safe evacuation is thus crucial. This paper utilizes a specific university library as a case study, simulating fire evacuation scenarios using the Pathfinder software, to assess and validate evacuation strategies and propose relevant optimizations. Pathfinder, developed by Thunderhead Engineering in the United States, is an intuitive and straightforward personnel emergency evacuation assessment system, offering advanced visualization interfaces and 3D animation effects. This study aims to construct evacuation models and perform simulation analysis for the selected university library using Pathfinder. The library's structural layout, people flow characteristics, and the nature of fire and smoke spread are considered in the analysis. Additionally, evacuation scenarios involving different fire outbreak locations and the status of emergency exits are examined. The findings underscore the importance of effective evacuation in fire situations, highlighting how environmental conditions, individual characteristics, and behavioral patterns significantly influence evacuation efficiency. Through these investigations, the study enhances understanding and optimization of evacuation strategies in fire scenarios, thereby improving safety and efficiency. The research not only provides concrete and practical guidelines for building design, management, and emergency response planning in libraries but also offers valuable insights for the design and management of effective evacuation systems in buildings, crucial for ensuring occupant safety and minimizing loss of life in potential hazard situations

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.82-88
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• 2024

As the modern maritime industry rapidly progresses through technological advancements, data processing technology is emphasized as a key driver of this development. Natural language processing is a technology that enables machines to understand and process human language. Through this methodology, we aim to develop a model that predicts the proportions of outcomes when entering new written judgments by analyzing the rulings of the Marine Safety Tribunal and learning the cause-providing ratios of previously adjudicated ship collisions. The model calculated the cause-providing ratios of the accident using the navigation applied at the time of the accident and the weight of key keywords that affect the cause-providing ratios. Through this, the accuracy of the developed model could be analyzed, the practical applicability of the model could be reviewed, and it could be used to prevent the recurrence of collisions and resolve disputes between parties involved in marine accidents.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.380-386
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• 2024

Background: Type A aortic dissection (AD) and intramural hematoma (IMH) are critical medical conditions. Emergency surgery is typically performed under cardiopulmonary bypass immediately after diagnosis, which involves lowering the body temperature to induce total circulatory arrest. Selection of the arterial cannulation site is a critical consideration in cardiac surgery and becomes more challenging in patients with AD. This study explored the strengths and weaknesses of different cannulation methods by comparing each cannulation strategy and analyzing the reasons for patients' outcomes, especially mortality and cerebrovascular accidents (CVAs). Methods: This retrospective study reviewed the medical records of patients who underwent surgery for type A AD or IMH between 2008 and 2023, using the moderate hypothermic circulatory arrest approach at a single center. Results: Among the 146 patients reviewed, 32 underwent antegrade cannulation via axillary, innominate artery, aortic, or transapical cannulation, while 114 underwent retrograde cannulation via the femoral artery. The analysis of surgical outcomes revealed a significant difference in the total surgical time, with 356 minutes for antegrade and 443 minutes for retrograde cannulation (p<0.001). The mean length of stay in the intensive care unit was significantly longer in the retrograde group (5±16 days) than in the antegrade group (3±5 days, p=0.013). Nevertheless, no significant difference was found between the groups in the 30-day mortality or postoperative CVA rates (p=0.2 and p=0.7, respectively). Conclusion: Surgeons should consider an appropriate cannulation strategy for each patient instead of adhering strictly to a specific approach in AD surgery.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.61 no.5
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• pp.378-388
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• 2024

Oil and gas contribute significantly to achieving the growing demand for energy, which is rising in parallel with population growth. The pipeline system is the main transport system used in the distribution of oil and gas because the pipeline system is considered the most effective and efficient system. The distribution system for gas and oil must guarantee security and safety. Analyzing the pipeline is necessary to ensure distribution security and safety. In this study, a finite element analysis of the gas pipeline specimen was conducted. This analysis is carried out in two stages, first structural analysis and continued with damage analysis, where the damage used is a dent. In the dent analysis, environmental conditions are applied, namely non-pressure, pressure, and full pressure. Then assessed all the results of the analysis of each stage, the assessment was carried out by verifying the results of the analysis with the applicable standard rules. So that the characteristics of the pipeline can be recognized and work accidents caused by operating pipeline failure can be avoided.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.241-249
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• 2018

As the international trade increases, vessel traffics around the Korean Peninsula are also increasing. Maritime accidents hence take place more frequently in the southern coast of Korea where many big and small ports are located. Accidents involving ship collision and sinking result in a substantial human and material damage as well as the marine environmental pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to locate the ships quickly when such accidents occur. In this study, we suggest a new ship detection index by comparing and analyzing the reflectivity of each channel of the Korea MultiPurpose SATellite-2 (KOMPSAT-2) images of the area around the Gwangyang Bay. A threshold value of 0.1 is set based on a histogram analysis, and all vessels are detected when compared with RGB composite images. After selecting a relatively large ship as a representative sample, the distribution of spatial reflectivity around the ship is studied. Uniform shadows are detected on the northwest side of the vessel. This indicates that the sun is in the southeast, the azimuth of the actual satellite image is $144.80^{\circ}$, and the azimuth angle of the sun can be estimated using the shadow position. The reflectivity of the shadows is 0.005 lower than the surrounding sea and ship. The shadow height varies with the position of the bow and the stern, perhaps due to the relative heights of the ship deck and the structure. The results of this study can help search technology for missing vessels using optical satellite images in the event of a marine accident around the Korean Peninsula.