• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.273-283
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• 2018

Nonlinear low velocity impact response of sandwich beam with laminated composite face sheets and soft core is studied based on Extended High Order Sandwich Panel Theory (EHSAPT). The face sheets follow the Third order shear deformation beam theory (TSDT) that has hitherto not reported in conventional EHSAPT. Besides, the two dimensional elasticity is used for the core. The nonlinear Von Karman type relations for strains of face sheets and the core are adopted. Contact force between the impactor and the beam is obtained using the modified Hertz law. The field equations are derived via the Ritz based applied to the total energy of the system. The solution is obtained in the time domain by implementing the well-known Runge-Kutta method. The effects of boundary conditions, core-to-face sheet thickness ratio, initial velocity of the impactor, the impactor mass and position of the impactor are studied in detail. It is found that each of these parameters have significant effect on the impact characteristics which should be considered. Finally, some low velocity impact tests have been carried out by Drop Hammer Testing Machine. The contact force histories predicted by EHSAPT are in good agreement with that obtained by experimental results.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.451-463
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• 2005

Structural members commonly employed in marine and off-shore structures are usually fabricated from plates and shells. Collision of this class of structures is usually modeled as plate and shell structures subjected to dynamic impact loading. The understanding of the dynamic response and energy transmission of the structures subjected to low velocity impact is useful for the efficient design of this type of structures. The transmissions of transient energy flow and dynamic transient response of these structures under low velocity impact are presented in the paper. The structural intensity approach is adopted to study the elastic transient dynamic characteristics of the plate structures under low velocity impact. The nine-node degenerated shell elements are adopted to model both the target and impactor in the dynamic impact response analysis. The structural intensity streamline representation is introduced to interpret energy flow paths for transient dynamic response of the structures. Numerical results, including contact force and transient energy flow vectors as well as structural intensity stream lines, demonstrate the efficiency of the present approach and attenuating impact effects on this type of structures.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제82권1호
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• pp.81-92
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• 2022

Ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) is a composite building material with high ductility, fatigue resistance, fracture toughness, durability, and energy absorption capacity. The aim of this study is to develop a nonlinear finite element model that can simulate the response of the UHPFRC beam exposed to impact loads. A nonlinear finite element model was developed in ABAQUS to simulate the real response of UHPFRC beams. The numerical results showed that the model was highly successful to capture the experimental results of selected beams from the literature. A parametric study was carried out to investigate the effects of reinforcement ratio and impact velocity on the response of the UHPFRC beam in terms of midpoint displacement, impact load value, and residual load-carrying capacity. In the parametric study, the nonlinear analysis was performed in two steps for 12 different finite element models. In the first step, dynamic analysis was performed to monitor the response of the UHPFRC beam under impact loads. In the second step, static analysis was conducted to determine the residual load-carrying capacity of the beams. The parametric study has shown that the reinforcement ratio and the impact velocity affect maximum and residual displacement value substantially.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.717-737
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• 2021

A theoretical energy-based model to capture the mechanical response of thick woven composite laminates, which are used in such applications as maritime or aerospace, to high-velocity impact was developed. The dependences of the impact phenomenon on material and geometrical parameters were analysed making use of the Vaschy-Buckingham Theorem to provide a non-dimensional framework. The model was divided in three different stages splitting the physical interpretation of the perforation process: a first where different dissipative mechanisms such as compression or shear plugging were considered, a second where a transference of linear momentum was assumed and a third where only friction took place. The model was validated against experimental data along with a 3D finite element model. The numerical simulations were used to validate some of the new hypotheses assumed in the theoretical model to provide a more accurate explanation of the phenomena taking place during a high-velocity impact.

• 한국복합재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국복합재료학회 2002년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.89-92
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• 2002

Traditionally unidirectional laminated composite which are characterized by high specific stiffness and strength were used for structural application. But theses composites are highly susceptible to impact damage because of lower transverse tensile strength. The main failure modes of laminated composite are fiber breakage, matrix cracking and delamination for low velocity impact. The modified failure criterions are implemented to predict these failure modes with finite element analysis. Failure behavior of the woven fabric laminated composite which is used in forehead part of subway to lighten weigh has been studied. The new failure criterions are in good agreement with experimental results and can predict the failure behavior of the woven fabric composite plate subjected to low velocity impact more accurately.

• 항공우주시스템공학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.34-42
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• 2019

열을 이용한 접합은 소재 간 열역학적 차이에 의한 열 변형 및 잔류응력 등 원하지 않은 결과를 야기한다. 폭발력 또는 전자기력을 이용한 고상 접합은 열이 사용되지 않아 열역학적 차이가 있는 소재접합에 이점이 있다. 이때, 해당 접합은 짧은 시간 내(${\mu}s$) 이루어지며, 접합면에서 고속 및 대 변형이 동반된다. 수치해석 모델은 고속 충돌 접합 메커니즘을 이해하는 데 중요한 역할을 수행한다. 하지만 고속 및 대 변형이 나타나는 해석에서 전통적인 라그랑지안 기법은 격자 얽힘이 발생해 결과의 신뢰성이 낮다. 본 연구는 무격자 수치해석 방식의 SPH(Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics)를 이용하여 열역학적 차이가 있는 Cu와 CP-Ti의 고속 충돌 접합을 수행하였고 경계면 결합 형상이 발생함을 확인하였다. 해석의 결과로 경계면 결합 형상이 매개변수(충돌 속도, 충돌 각도)의 관계에 따라 형상의 정도(직선, 소용돌이), 주기, 길이 등이 다르게 나타나는 것을 확인 및 비교하였다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.190-196
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• 2018

Carbon fiber/epoxy composites are typical brittle materials and have low impact properties. Recently, it is important to investigate impact characteristics of carbon fiber composites because of increasing use as automobile parts and high pressure hydrogen vessels of fuel cell electric vehicles for light weight. In this study, the low velocity impact properties of carbon fiber/epoxy composites fabricated by a filament winding method are studied. The low velocity impact properties were measured by performing tests according to ASTM D7136. The low velocity impact simulations were carried out using commercial structural analysis software, Abaqus. The absorbed energy and the delamination shapes were compared between the experimental and simulation results. The numerical analysis method showed that the absorbed energy decreased with the reduced number of cohesive elements in the composite models.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.457-467
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 입자완화 유체동역학기법을 이용하여 고속충돌에 의해 생성된 파편 및 파편운의 분산거동을 고찰하였다. 충격구와 표적판은 모두 알루미늄 소재를 대상으로 하였으며 해석을 통해 예측한 파편운의 장축 및 단축의 길이와 참고문헌의 실험값을 비교하여 기법의 타당성을 검증하였다. 검증된 SPH 기법을 기반으로 1.5~4 km/s의 속도 범위에서 고속충돌 및 파괴 해석을 수행하였으며 이에 따른 파편의 분산 거동을 운동에너지 관점에서 평가하였다. 표적판 뒤에 배치된 관측판상에 분포된 파편의 최대 분산반경은 충돌속도가 증가함에 따라 증가하였다. 충돌시 발생하는 파편의 분산 거동을 바탕으로 손상범위 예측을 위한 경험식을 도출하였고, 파편 운동에너지의 95 %는 최대분산반경의 50 % 이내에 집중됨을 확인하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.1562-1572
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• 1996

The rigid-plastic finite element formulation including the inertia force is derived and then the rigid-plastic finite elemnt program considering the inertia effect is developed. In order to consider the strain hardening, strain rate hardening and thermal softening effects which are frequentrly observed in high-velocity deformation phenomena, the Johnson-Cook constitutive odel is applied. The developed program is used to simulate two high-velocity deformation problemss ; rod impact test and hdigh-velocity compression precess. As a result of rod impact test simulation, it is found that the siulated result has a good agreement with the experimental observation. Through the high-velocity compression process simulation. it is also found that the accuracy of the simulated results is dependent upon the time increment size and mesh size.

• Composites Research
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.49-55
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• 2011

복합재는 금속보다 높은 비강성과 비강도를 갖는 장점 때문에 군용기와 민항기의 주요 구조물로 사용이 증대되고 있다. 하지만 복합재의 기계적인 특성은 충격에 의해 심각하게 저하된다. 특히, 우박, 고속 택싱에 의한 파편과의 고속 충격은 작은 질량임에도 불구하고 구조물과 서브시스템에 심각한 손상을 줄 수 있다. 그러나 한 가지 센서 또는 기존의 기법을 사용하여 복합재의 손상을 탐지하기는 쉽지 않다. 본 논문에서는 복합적층판의 고속충격에 의한 손상 개시와 전파를 모니터링하기 위해 PVDF 센서와 AE 센서를 사용하였다. 센서 신호를 분석하기 위해 웨이블릿 변환을 사용하였다. 충격에너지가 증가할수록 고주파 신호가 증가하였고 PVDF 센서와 AE 센서 신호에서 유사한 경향을 알 수 있었다. 결과적으로 복합적층판의 고속충격손상을 감지하고 특성화하는 다양한 센싱 기법을 제시하였다.