• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.97-103
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• 2015

Background: This paper describes the development of a scale for measuring safety climate. Methods: This study was conducted in six manufacturing companies in Iran. The scale developed through conducting a literature review about the safety climate and constructing a question pool. The number of items was reduced to 71 after performing a screening process. Results: The result of content validity analysis showed that 59 items had excellent item content validity index (${\geq}0.78$) and content validity ratio (> 0.38). The exploratory factor analysis resulted in eight safety climate dimensions. The reliability value for the final 45-item scale was 0.96. The result of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the safety climate model is satisfactory. Conclusion: This study produced a valid and reliable scale for measuring safety climate in manufacturing companies.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제10권1호통권19호
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• pp.1-13
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• 1992

The purpose of this study was to validate the Elementary HOME(Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment) with korean elementary children. Subjects were 536 mothers 1st-5th graders in the elementary schools in the Seoul. Pearson's r, pearcentage(%), phi($\phi$/), Cronbach's $\alpha$/ ware conducted for the statistical analysis. The major findings were as follows. 1) The item pass rate(percentage) were ranged 16~98. 2) The discriminant coefficients($\phi$/) of the item were ranged 0.06~0.58. 3) The reliability coefficients of the scale were that the split-falf was 0.84, and Cronbach's $\alpha$/ was 0.88. Considering the length of the scale, these reliability estimates appear to be at an acceptable level 4) The factor analysis and the correlations between HOME and SES indices and children's school schievement to test construct validity were conducted to test construct validity. Eight factors were extracted from the factor analysis and coefficients(r) were ranged 0.16~0.45 and -0.08~0.37.

• 산업공학
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.338-346
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• 2012

Regarding the green environment, it is important to boost the spread of environmentally friendly vending machines and to operate the vehicles for their inventory replenishments while minimizing emissions of greenhouse gases. In general, the vending machine management company lacks capability to operate the supply chain effectively in an integrated way under the dynamic, complex, and stochastic environment. This paper presents a decision support system, termed DSSVM, for the operations of the general and smart vending machine supply chains with stock-out-based, one stage item substitution in a green logistics environment. The DSSVM supports the estimation of item demand and substitution probabilities, determination of operation parameters, supply chain analysis, what-if analysis, and $CO_2$ analysis for which various analytical models are employed.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.40-52
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to validate New Ecological Paradigm(NEP) Scale for use with elementary school students in Korea, and to obtain evidences of validation for interpreting the scores on the instrument. Three pilot tests were taken to modify and 1,003 fifth and sixth grade students in elementary schools participated in this survey. To examine the reliability and validity of the NEP Scale for elementary school students in Korea, item analysis(mena, skewness, kurtosis, item-total correlation), internal consistency estimate, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and t-test were used. After analyzing their results, the authors suggest that a 2-dimensional(pro-NEP, anti-NEP) modified NEP Scale, with 15 items and revised wording, is appropriate for use with elementary school students in Korea.

• 아동학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.5-21
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to validate the Child Behavior Checklist(CBCL) with a population of Korean children. Subjects were 415 mothers of fourth and sixth graders selected from five elementary schools in Seoul. The CBCL(Achenbach, 1991) and the Child Behavior Questionnaire(CBQ; Rutter et als., 1970) were used as a methodological instrument. Statistics used for data analysis were ${\chi}^2$, Cramer's V, factor analysis, Pearson's r, and Cronbach's ${\alpha}$. The major findings were that 102 items of the 107-item scale were found acceptable through the item discriminant method. Nine factors (anxious behavior, hyperactive behavior, immature behavior, delinquent behavior, aggressive behavior, withdrawn behavior, thought problems, somatic complaints, other problems) were extracted by factor analysis. The correlation between the CBCL and the CBQ was examined to test criterion-related validity, and the coefficient was significant (r=.78, p<.001). Finally, the internal consistency of the CBCL appeared to be at an acceptable level (Cronbach's ${\alpha}$=.83).

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.221-227
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• 2005

This study has suggested the base data for decision of maintenance ranking and estimation of maintenance effect in the maintenance project of sewers as based on investigation of the defective rate in the sewer through Infiltration/Inflow(I/I) and CCTV analysis. It also analyzed the correlation between I/I and defective rate of sewer. As the result of this study, (1) Defective items of sewer was found out one item each 12.97m with an average. (2) By regression analysis, I/I has high correlation with defective rate of sewer like that $R^2$ is 0.7806. (3) The first thing in the item with bad influence on the I/I was joint badness and secondary was cross connection.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.359-374
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• 2002

Objectives : To develop a physical functioning instrument for older adults living in the community. Methods : A representative sample of 979 people aged 65 years or over were interviewed in-person. Of these, 199 people also completed a detailed in-hospital examination. The scale items were selected based on the frequency of endorsement, along with the item-total and inter-item correlations. The associations of the scale with their physical performance and clinical examination were analyzed to evaluate the criterion-related validity. Construct validity was assessed using factor analysis, and internal consistency through Cronbach's alpha and item-total correlations. Test-retest reliability was measured by agreement between the household survey and the repeat survey at the in-hospital examination. Results : Initially, 23 items on the level of difficulty, ranging from no difficulty to an inability to complete a task, with the specific mobility and self-care tasks were included. Those with a high frequency of endorsement and a low inter-item or item-total correlations were excluded, resulting in a 10-item Physical Functioning (PT) scale. Equal weights were given to each item and a summated score was calculated. Significant associations were found between the PF scores and the physical performance, surrey and clinical data. The scale revealed a 2-factor (mobility and self-care) structure. Cronbach's alpha was 0.92 and the item-total correlations were in the 0.63 to 0.78 range. Pearson's correlations for the test-retest ranged between 0.56 and 0.61. Conclusions : The newly developed Physical Functioning (PF) scale showed good psychometric properties in older people. Further work, however, is needed to improve its sensitivity to discriminate higher levels of functioning, in addition to assessing its predictive value in detecting changes in health.

• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.474-487
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• 2005

본 연구 목적은 2001년에 시행된 미국 NAEP 지리 평가에 대한 학생들의 문항반응경향성을 분석하여 귀납적으로 성취수준을 기술하는데 있다. NAEP 지리 평가는 4 8 12학년 학생을 대상으로 실시되는데, 평가영역은 내용영역과 행동영역으로 구분된다. 내용영역은 공간과 장소 환경과 사회 공간직 역동성과 연계성이고, 행동영역은 지식 이해 적용이다. 성취수준은 기초 숙달 수월수준으로 구분된다. 본 연구에서는 각 수준과 대표 문항을 연계하는 방법(item mapping method)을 사용하여 성취수준에 대하여 분석하였다. 그 결과 NAEP 지리 성취수준 설정위원회에서 제시한 성취수준과 대표 문항 분석에 기초한 성취수준은 큰 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 대표 문항 분석을 기초로 도출된 성취수준은 실제 학생들의 문항반응에 기초하여 도출되었기 때문에 지리교육과정 개선을 위한 효과적인 송환 역할을 할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국의료질향상학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.180-188
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• 2000

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability of questionnaire according to item arrangement on patient satisfaction questionnaire. Methods : We developed the two types of questionnaire with different item arrangement. In the first type (A), questions were arranged according to medical service dimensions. Questions in the second type (B) were arranged according to medical process. Both questionnaires were composed of six dimensions: physical environments, process, competence, courtesy, information giving, understanding patients. Measurements were performed on a 5-score Likert scale. In an outpatients and inpatient survey, total 777 patients answered the type A (outpatients: 257, inpatients: 128) or Type B (outpatients: 257, inpatients: 135). In order to compare the internal consistency of two types. Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ were calculated. Multiple regression analysis was also performed to know which type of questionnaire explain more of the overall satisfaction. Results : In outpatient survey, type A questionnaire showed higher internal consistency than B except physical environments dimension. Also in inpatient survey, type A had higer internal consistency than B in four dimensions(process, competence, courtesy, understanding patients). In the results of multiple regression analysis, type A questionnaire ($R^2$=0.53) explained more of the variation in overall satisfaction then B questionnaire ($R^2$=0.43) in outpatient survey. In inpatient survey, type B questionnaire ($R^2$=0.40) explained, more of the variation in overall satisfaction than type A questionnaire ($R^2$=0.33).But the difference of R was not significant in inpatient survey. Conclusion : The results of this study support that type A questionnaire has higer reliability in assessment of consumer satisfaction than type B.

• 한국학교수학회논문집
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.113-127
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• 2007

본 고는 5년 간의 고등학교 연합학력평가자료 분석을 통하여 수리영역의 난이도 예측요인을 분석하였다. 난이도 예측을 위한 통계적 모형을 산출하기 위하여 먼저 문항분석을 통해 수리영역의 난이도 예측에 영향을 미칠 것으로 판단되는 주요 변인들을 '내용영역', '행동영역', '문항의 형식' 등의 범주에 따라 추출하였다. 추출된 독립 변인들에 대하여 단계선택방법을 사용한 다중회귀분석을 실시함으로써 정답률 예측에 유의미한 변수들을 선택하였으며, 교차 타당도를 통하여 최종적으로 선택된 예측 모형이 독립적으로 수집된 자료에 대하여 어느 정도의 설명력을 보이는지 검증하였다. 본 연구는 대학수능시험 출제나 현장에서 수리영역의 평가문항을 개발하는데 있어서 사전 정답률을 예측하는데 있어 고려해야 할 요인을 제시함으로써 보다 정확한 정답률 예측에 필요한 기초정보를 제공하는데 그 의의를 두고 있다.