• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
• /
• 제28권4호
• /
• pp.853-862
• /
• 2017

본 연구에서는 고용노동부의 공공기관 및 지방공기업의 청년고용현황 조사, 국회의 공공기관 고용현황 조사, 알리오 (www.alio.go.kr) 및 클린아이 (www.cleaneye.go.kr) 등 4개의 데이터를 이용하여 공공기관 및 지방공기업의 청년채용비율 결정요인을 분석하였다. 종속변수인 기관별 청년채용 비율은 청년채용 여부와 청년채용비율의 크기에 대한 두 가지의 정보를 포함하고 있다. 즉 종속변수 가 일정한 영역에서만 관찰되는 중도자료를 갖는 형태로서 통상적 최소제곱추정은 편의가 발생할 뿐만 아니라, 일치추정량을 제공하지 못한다. 이런 문제점을 극복하기 위해 본 연구에서는 합동 토빗모형과 패널 토빗모형을 활용하였다. 분석결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 먼저, 합동 토빗모형에 비해서 패널 토빗모형이 통계적으로 유의함을 알 수 있었고, 2011년에 비해서 2014년과 2015년의 청년채용 비율이 증가하였음을 알 수 있다. 그리고 지방공공기관에 비해서 공기업의 청년채용비율이 유의하게 높았으며, 평균 보수액이 증가할수록 청년채용비율이 통계적으로 유의하게 낮음을 알 수 있다. 마지막으로, 신입직원의 평균보수액이 증가할수록, 정원대비 정규직비율이 증가할수록 청년채용비율이 유의하게 증가하였음을 알 수 있다.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.231-258
• /
• 2008

본 연구의 목적은 아동 성폭력 예방교육에 대한 인식 및 요구도를 분석하여 차후 관련 교육프로그램을 개발하고 실시하기 위한 기초 자료를 제공하는 것이었다. 이를 위한 연구 문제로 아동 대상 성폭력 예방교육 내용 요구도 조사, 아동 대상 성폭력 예방교육 형식에 대한 인식조사, 교사 대상 성폭력 예방교육 내용 요구도 조사, 교사 대상 성폭력 예방교육 형식에 대한 인식 조사 등의 네 가지를 선정하여 설문지를 개발하고, 초등 교사 1,210을 대상으로 조사하였으며 회수된 설문지 중 973부를 최종 분석한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻을 수 있었다. 첫째, 아동 대상 성폭력 예방교육의 내용으로는 '성폭력 위기 상황 대처 방법'이 가장 필요한 것으로 조사되었고, '성폭력 종류 및 사례', '성폭력 범죄 관련 법률 및 처벌규정'이 가장 요구도가 낮은 것으로 나타났으므로 이를 고려한 예방교육이 필요하다. 따라서 현재 성폭력 예방교육이 95.6% 선에서 이루어지고 있긴 하나 그 실효성이 떨어지므로 '성기' 중심의 생물학적 보건 개념의 성교육을 지양하고 아동에게 적절한 교수-학습 방법을 활용한 교육이 필요하다. 둘째, 아동 대상 성폭력 예방교육의 형식에 대해서는 전문적인 외부 강사가 특강 형태로 한 학기에 $1\sim2$회 정도 하는 것이 바람직한 것으로 조사되었다. 또한 국민공통기본교과와 관련된 교육이 필요하며, 모든 초등학생을 대상으로 한 학급씩 교실에서 실시할 필요가 있고, 학부모 대상 예방교육이 반드시 필요하며 교육청 등 지자체와 교육부에서 제작한 자료를 활용할 필요가 있다. 셋째, 아동 대상 성폭력 예방교육의 내용 및 형식은 교사들의 연령, 성별, 경력, 근무지역, 관련연수 경험 유무, 지도 학년 등에 따라 차이가 있으므로 예방교육에서는 이러한 점들을 고려할 필요가 있다. 넷째, 아동 대상 성폭력 예방교육에 대한 교사들의 참여의지와 관심이 매우 높았으므로 교사를 대상으로 한 연수 기회를 확대하고 검증된 프로그램과 자료를 제공하여, 관련 있는 국민공통기본교과나 담임 시간을 활용하는 것이 바람직하다.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
• /
• 제14권6호
• /
• pp.125-139
• /
• 2013

안드로이드 기반 오픈 마켓의 개방성으로 인해 일반적인 정상 어플리케이션 뿐만아니라 공격자에 의해 개발된 악성 어플리케이션의 배포 역시 점차 증가하고 있는 추세이다. 악성 어플리케이션들의 확산으로 인한 피해를 줄이기 위해서는 상용 모바일 단말을 대상으로 보다 정확한 방법으로 정상 앱과 악성 앱을 판별할 수 있는 메커니즘이 개발되어야 한다. 이에 본 논문에서는 안드로이드 플랫폼 기반 모바일 단말을 대상으로 정상 앱과 악성 앱으로 부터 이벤트 패턴을 분석하기 위해 안드로이드 오픈 마켓에서 가장 사용자 이용도가 높은 게임 앱을 대상으로 정상 이벤트 패턴을 분석하였고, Android MalGenome Project에서 배포하고 있는 1,260개의 악성 샘플들 중에서 게임 앱 형태에 해당하는 악성 앱과 유사 악성 앱 등을 대상으로 악성 이벤트 패턴을 분석하였다. 이와 같이 안드로이드 기반 모바일 단말에서 정상 앱과 악성 앱을 대상으로 리눅스 기반 시스템 콜 추출 도구인 Strace를 이용해 정상 앱과 악성 앱의 이벤트를 추출하는 실험을 수행하였다. 정상 앱 및 악성 앱이 각각 실행되었을 때 발생하는 이벤트를 수집하여 각각의 이벤트 집합에 대한 연관성 분석 과정을 수행하였다. 이러한 과정을 통해 정상 앱과 악성 앱 각각에 대한 이벤트 발생 특징 및 패턴과 분포도를 분석하여 이벤트 유사도를 추출할 수 있었으며 최종적으로는 임의의 앱에 대한 악성 여부를 판별하는 메커니즘을 제시하였다.

• 한국과학교육학회지
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.173-184
• /
• 1995

The purpose of this study was to analyse the problems of 'Science Inquiry Experiment Contest(SIEC)' which was one of 8 programs of 'The 2nd Student Science Inquiry Olympic Meet(SSIOM)'. The results and conclusions of this study were as follows: 1. It needs to reconsider the role of practical work within science experiment because practical work skills form one of the mainstays in current science. But the assessment of students' laboratory skills in the contest was made little account of. It is necessary to remind of what it means to be 'good at science'. There are two aspects: knowing and doing. Both are important and, in certain respects, quite distinct. Doing science is more of a craft activity, relying more on craft skill and tacit knowledge than on the conscious application of explicit knowledge. Doing science is also divided into two aspects, 'process' and 'skill' by many science educators. 2. The report's and checklist's assessment items were overlapped. Therefore it was suggested that the checklist assessment items were set limit to the students' acts which can't be found in reports. It is important to identify those activities which produce a permanent assessable product, and those which do not. Skills connected with recording and reporting are likely to produce permanent evidence which can be evaluated after the experiment. Those connected with manipulative skills involving processes are more ephemeral and need to be assessed as they occur. The division of student's experimental skills will contribute to the accurate assess of student's scientific inquiry experimental ability. 3. There was a wide difference among the scores of one participant recorded by three evaluators. This means that there was no concrete discussion among the evaluators before the contest. Despite the items of the checklists were set by preparers of the contest experiments, the concrete discussions before the contest were necessary because students' experimental acts were very diverse. There is a variety of scientific skills. So it is necessary to assess the performance of individual students in a range of skills. But the most of the difficulties in the assessment of skills arise from the interaction between measurement and the use. To overcome the difficulties, not only must the mark needed for each skill be recorded, something which all examination groups obviously need, but also a description of the work that the student did when the skill was assessed must also be given, and not all groups need this. Fuller details must also be available for the purposes of moderation. This is a requirement for all students that there must be provision for samples of any end-product or other tangible form of evidence of candidates' work to be submitted for inspection. This is rather important if one is to be as fair as possible to students because, not only can this work be made available to moderators if necessary, but also it can be used to help in arriving at common standards among several evaluators, and in ensuring consistent standards from one evaluator over the assessment period. This need arises because there are problems associated with assessing different students on the same skill in different activities. 4. Most of the students' reports were assessed intuitively by the evaluators despite the assessment items were established concretely by preparers of the experiment. This result means that the evaluators were new to grasp the essence of the established assessment items of the experiment report and that the students' assessment scores were short of objectivity. Lastly, there are suggestions from the results and the conclusions. The students' experimental acts which were difficult to observe because they occur in a flash and which can be easily imitated should be excluded from the assessment items. Evaluators are likely to miss the time to observe the acts, and the students who are assessed later have more opportunity to practise the skill which is being assessed. It is necessary to be aware of these problems and try to reduce their influence or remove them. The skills and processes analysis has made a very useful checklist for scientific inquiry experiment assessment. But in itself it is of little value. It must be seen alongside the other vital attributes needed in the making of a good scientist, the affective aspects of commitment and confidence, the personal insights which come both through formal and informal learning, and the tacit knowledge that comes through experience, both structured and acquired in play. These four aspects must be continually interacting, in a flexible and individualistic way, throughout the scientific education of students. An increasing ability to be good at science, to be good at doing investigational practical work, will be gained through continually, successively, but often unpredictably, developing more experience, developing more insights, developing more skills, and producing more confidence and commitment.

• 수산해양기술연구
• /
• 제29권4호
• /
• pp.247-259
• /
• 1993

The fishing experiment was carried out by the training ship Saebada in order to analyse the mesh selectivity for trawl cod-end, in the Southern Korea Sea and the East China Sea from June. 1991 through August, 1992. The trawl cod-end used in this experiment has the trouser type of cod-end with cover net. and the mesh selectivity was examined for the five kinds of the opening of mesh in its cod-end part. A total of 163 hauls, of which having mesh size 51.2mm ; A 89, 70.2mm ; B 54, 77.6mm ; C 55, 88.0mm ; D 52 and 111.3mm ; E 20 were used respectively. Selection curves and selection parameters were calculated by using a logistic function, S=1/(1+exp super(-(aL+b)) ). The mesh election master curves were estimated by S=1/(1+exp super(-[a(L/M)+$\beta$]) ). and the optimum mesh size were calculated with (L/M) sub(50) of master curve. In these cases 'a' and '$\alpha$' are slope, 'b' and '$\beta$' are intercept. 'L' is body length of the target species of fishes, 'M' is the mesh size, and 'S' denotes mesh selectivity. In this report, the four species of compressed form fishes were taken analized according to fish shape, and 'S' denotes mesh selectivity. In this report, the four species of compressed form fishes were taken analized according to fish shape, and the results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Red seabream Pagrus major(Temminct et Schlegel) and yellow porgy Dentex tumifrons(Temminct et Schlegel) ; Selection rate in each mesh size of A, B, C, D and E were 99.7%, 97.5%, 91.4%, 76.7% and 57.8% respectively. Selection parameters 'a' and 'b' of mesh sizes C, D and E were 2.65 and -28.62, 4.40 and -77.73, 2.31 and -46.99, and their selection factors were 1.39, 2.10, 1.83 respectively. Selection parameters of master curve '$\alpha$' and '$\beta$' were 3.05 and -5.65 respectively, and (L/M) sub(50) was 1.85. The optimum mesh size of Red seabream was 141mm. 2. Filefish Thamnaconus modestus (Gunther) ; Selection rate in each mesh size of A, B, C, D and E were 99.6%, 98.3%, 91.2%, 80.0% and 48.6% respectively. Selection parameters 'a' and 'b' of mesh sizes C, D and E were 5.82 and -55.10, 2.92 and -36.90, 3.91 and -63.09, and their selection factors were 1.35, 1.44, 1.45 respectively. Selection parameters of master curve '$\alpha$' and '$\beta$' were 3.02 and -4.32 respectively, and (L/M) sub(50) was 1.43. The optimum mesh size was 129mm. 3. Target dory Zeus faber Valenciennes ; Selection rate in each mesh size of A, B, C, D and E were 99.7%, 100%, 83.2%, 91.6% and 65.0% respectively. Selection parameters 'a' and 'b' of mesh sizes C, D and E were 3.85 and -32.46, 4.19 and -57.38, 2.45 and -40.03, and their selection factors were 1.09, 1.56, 1.47 respectively. Selection parameters of master curve '$\alpha$' and '$\beta$' were 2.64 and -3.53 respectively, and (L/M) sub(50) was 1.34. The optimum mesh size was 127mm. 4. Butterfish Psenopsis anomala (Temminct et Schlegel) ; Selection rate in each mesh size of A, B, C, D and E were 99.2%, 34.1%, 46.5%, 14.3% and 2.4% respectively. Selection parameters 'a' and 'b' of mesh sizes B, C and D were 5.35 and -71.70, 5.07 and -69.25, 3.31 and -62.06 and their selection factors were 1.91, 1.75, 2.13 respectively. Selection parameters of master curve '$\alpha$' and '$\beta$' were 3.16 and -6.24 respectively, and (L/M) sub(50) was 1.98. The optimum mesh size was 71mm.

• 한국게임학회지
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.70-72
• /
• 2009

This research is focused on defining interaction within the context of digital media and creating a multi cultural definition of interactivity. The concept of multi digital culture and a definition of interaction in digital media have often been overlooked by other researchers and this has caused the emergence of many different notions on this issue. As a result of these varied notions of the concept, public confusion has arisen regarding interactivity. The main purpose of this research is to find a suitable multi definition of interaction through examining local digital culture. In order to analogise multi digital culture, the video game culture is employed as a metaphor to interpret local digital culture. The reason for this is that a specific national culture can be easily identified within the video game culture. Four countries, South Korea, Japan, the U.S. and the UK have been chosen for comparison purposes. Case study, questionnaire and publicly accessible video game related data, such as, video game charts, are used for formalising and analysing unique local digital culture. The Heyri POP UP IMAGE Festival, S. Korea, was also used as a pilot study, with some of the above research methods being employed to analyse South Korean digital culture. In relation to western cases, interview and questionnaire were primarily used. The data from the case countries was carefully compared and analysed and then it became the basis of a theory of multi definition of interaction in digital media. The case study employed the cultural metaphor for this research and in addition video game culture related questionnaires and interviews with experts of interactive art genre, regarding new notions of digital interaction were utilised. The survey was conducted simultaneously in the four different cultural case nations of this research. Twenty respondents from each case nation participated in the survey, in order to investigate firstly, the existence of 'local digital culture' and secondly, the trends and phenomena of 'digital culture' in these four different 'local digital cultural areas'. In terms of interviews with experts of the interactive art genre, these were focused on obtaining their understanding of contemporary digital culture in their research. Using gathered data from the observation of local digital culture, the basic theory of interaction and the terminology of interaction are reformed. Localised definitions of interaction on digital media, control based interaction and communication based interaction are presented, in order to identify a 'locality' in terms of various contemporary digital cultures. As a result of analysing digital culture, new definitions of 'multi definition of digital interaction' were formulated. As mentioned above, 'control' and 'communication' based interaction were initiated, based on 'user to media' relationships. Based on the degree of physical interaction, 'liminal' and 'transitive' interactions were initiated. Less physical digital interaction is named 'liminal' interaction and more physical digital interaction is named' transitive' interaction. These new definitions of interaction were applied to the real world examples of uses of digital interaction, such as, digital interactive installation artworks and video games. The newly defined meaning of digital interaction can be applied to analysing digital interactive installation artworks and possibly indicate their future development and the prospects of future electronic games. Three leading digital interactive artists were selected for this analysis and their works were studied in terms of the implementation of 'multi definition of digital interaction'. Throughout these processes, the meaning of 'communication' in digital interactive media was emphasised. Many of the selected artists' digital installations were focused on 'communication' or 'interaction between each user through digital media', rather than the concept of 'control' in digital interaction, otherwise termed, 'communication with digital media'. In their artworks, interaction between each audience was digitally engaged within the physical interactive environment which was created by the digital media. Both the audience's action and all the reaction throughout the interaction between the audiences, triggered the digital media' s reaction. This audience-audience-media interaction is the key to understanding the concept of 'communication' in physical digital media and it is the main interactive concept upon which the selected digital interactive installation artists for this research and many other artists from similar fields, are concentrating their efforts. In the case of the video game, a similar trend was noticed to that of digital interactive installations. Based on this research's 'multi definition of digital interaction', the video game has evolved from the early stage of being conventional game, which was focused on control based interaction, to the on-line game which was focused on communication based interaction, to physical interactive games, such as, Nintendo Wii, which are focused on more physical interaction and finally, the ubiquitous interactive game, which is mainly concentrated on the concept of 'communication' in physical digital interaction. It is possible that this evolution of the video game concept of interaction is comparable to the progress of digital interactive artworks. This view is based on the fact that both genres show evidence that they are developing in the direction of the concept of 'communication', in terms of physical digital interaction. The important emphasis of this research's results is 'locality' and 'communication' in physical digital interaction. The existence of different digital culture trends, which were assessed by the 'multi definition of digital interaction', can explain the concept of 'locality' in digital interaction. This meaning of 'locality' may assist in understanding contemporary digital culture and can reduce possible misunderstanding as regards 'local' digital culture. In the application of the concept of digital interaction to the field of either artworks or video games, it is possible to form the opinion that an innovative concept of physical digital interaction is 'communication' within this context. This concept and its applications can improve the potential of both digital interactive culture and technology.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.60-82
• /
• 1977

The purpose of this study is first, to analyse the present nursing education and the curriculum in Korea in view of the changes and the new tendency of nursing education and second, to compare our curriculum with that of America, where nursing activities are actively earring on and, third, to try to find out what we should reconsider and improve in our nursing education. The object of this study is the educational program and the curriculum from 1973 to 1976 by selecting each five from colleges and department of nursing in Korea and America. The results of the study were as fellows : . 1. The aim of nursing education puts impassion the role of leader, knowledge and technology of nursing, welfare of society and service of community in both the America and Korea. In Korea nursing is mainly restricted to the treatment of diseases, while in the America the items of the aim of nursing are mainly extended to the capacity for Self- realization of nurse, in Korea they are restricted to the treatment of diseases. 2. In Korea the rate of credit of the curriculum of nursing education is the highest in professional education, next in general education, next in supporting science and educational subject, while in America the rate of the credit is the highest in general education, next professional education and then supporting Science and educational subject isn′t included in the curriculum. 3. In both Korea and America the role of the animal credit allotment in general education, is the highest in the first year and the rate in supporting science is the highest in the second year. In Korea professional subjects are concentrated in the third year while in America there is a tendency that they are increasing in number in the grade order. 4. There is a tendency that the rate of the credit allotment of the main professional subjects in curriculum is higher in Korea than in America : that is, in Korea the rate of the allotment of the credit is the highest in medical - surgical nursing, next maternal - child nursing, next community - health nursing and the psychiatric nursing and there in a great difference in the rate of the allotment of each credit. While in America the rate of the allotment of the credit is the highest in community - health nursing, next in medical- surgical nursing, next in maternal - child nursing, and then in psychiatric nursing and there is little difference in the rate of tile allotment of each credit. 5. From general education, supporting science and professional education, they have considered the continuity and sequence in the structure of nursing curriculum of Korea and America. While in Korea we have partly made integration in tile content of the subjects. Most of the school in America, they have made integration in the content of subjects especially in all subjects, but in Korea we haven't made it in all subjects. 6. In the system and form of nursing education Problem solving method, Dialectical method and operational method are introduced in some America schools and in others there is a tendency that the whole nursing education has the system based on Preventive frame - work or Health -illness frame work ; while only one college has an attempt for Health - Illness continue in Korea. 7. In Korea nursing education, as the importance of health- nursing and team nursing, the aim which is also comparatively emphasized is about health management and service of collective community. The subject pertaining to the aim is the studies of community health nursing, which are more in number in America. 8. When we consider the association between the social, general aims ?f the nursing education and the formation of the curriculum in Korean nursing school the courses of study concerning "the role of leadership and cooperative personal relation": "nursing care for the group": dynamic nursing care": and "the system of the public health nursing associated with the understanding of the regional community" are insufficient as compared with those of America. Especially, the lack of the behavioral science including the nursing care connected with the care for the group, the basic science on the clinical and developmental psychology, anthropology in known to be a prominent issue.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
• /
• 제36권1호
• /
• pp.21-33
• /
• 2019

This paper focuses on the interpretation of radiation fluxes from active galactic nuclei. The advantage of positron annihilation spectroscopy over other methods of spectral diagnostics of active galactic nuclei (therefore AGN) is demonstrated. A relationship between regular and random components in both bolometric and spectral composition of fluxes of quanta and particles generated in AGN is found. We consider their diffuse component separately and also detect radiative feedback after the passage of high-velocity cosmic rays and hard quanta through gas-and-dust aggregates surrounding massive black holes in AGN. The motion of relativistic positrons and electrons in such complex systems produces secondary radiation throughout the whole investigated region of active galactic nuclei in form of cylinder with radius R= 400-1000 pc and height H=200-400 pc, thus causing their visible luminescence across all spectral bands. We obtain radiation and electron energy distribution functions depending on the spatial distribution of the investigated bulk of matter in AGN. Radiation luminescence of the non-central part of AGN is a response to the effects of particles and quanta falling from its center created by atoms, molecules and dust of its diffuse component. The cross-sections for the single-photon annihilation of positrons of different energies with atoms in these active galactic nuclei are determined. For the first time we use the data on the change in chemical composition due to spallation reactions induced by high-energy particles. We establish or define more accurately how the energies of the incident positron, emitted ${\gamma}-quantum$ and recoiling nucleus correlate with the atomic number and weight of the target nucleus. For light elements, we provide detailed tables of all indicated parameters. A new criterion is proposed, based on the use of the ratio of the fluxes of ${\gamma}-quanta$ formed in one- and two-photon annihilation of positrons in a diffuse medium. It is concluded that, as is the case in young supernova remnants, the two-photon annihilation tends to occur in solid-state grains as a result of active loss of kinetic energy of positrons due to ionisation down to thermal energy of free electrons. The single-photon annihilation of positrons manifests itself in the gas component of active galactic nuclei. Such annihilation occurs as interaction between positrons and K-shell electrons; hence, it is suitable for identification of the chemical state of substances comprising the gas component of the investigated media. Specific physical media producing high fluxes of positrons are discussed; it allowed a significant reduction in the number of reaction channels generating positrons. We estimate the brightness distribution in the ${\gamma}-ray$ spectra of the gas-and-dust media through which positron fluxes travel with the energy range similar to that recorded by the Payload for Antimatter Matter Exploration and Light-nuclei Astrophysics (PAMELA) research module. Based on the results of our calculations, we analyse the reasons for such a high power of positrons to penetrate through gas-and-dust aggregates. The energy loss of positrons by ionisation is compared to the production of secondary positrons by high-energy cosmic rays in order to determine the depth of their penetration into gas-and-dust aggregations clustered in active galactic nuclei. The relationship between the energy of ${\gamma}-quanta$ emitted upon the single-photon annihilation and the energy of incident electrons is established. The obtained cross sections for positron interactions with bound electrons of the diffuse component of the non-central, peripheral AGN regions allowed us to obtain new spectroscopic characteristics of the atoms involved in single-photon annihilation.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• 제50권9호
• /
• pp.912-918
• /
• 2007

목 적 : 산모의 알레르기 질환 병력 유무와 초유와 모유 간에 차이가 있는지 살펴보고, 또한 이들의 모유수유 기간에 따른 자녀의 알레르기 질환 발생 유무의 차이를 보고, 생후 2세까지 발생한 알레르기 질환과 모유 내의 면역학적 인자간의 연관성을 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 2002년 5월부터 2003년 2월까지 참여를 희망한 총 138명의 산모에서 알레르기 질환이 있는 산모 88명과 알레르기 질환이 없는 산모 50명으로 나누어 조사하였다. 생후 2일경 초유와 생후 4주경의 모유를 채취하여, 초유와 모유 내 IL-4, IL- 6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-13, RANTES, $TGF-{\beta}1$과 $TGF-{\beta}2$를 측정하였다. 이후 소아는 생후 2세까지 알레르기 질환의 발생에 대한 추적관찰을 하였으며, 초유와 모유 내의 사이토카인과의 연관성을 비교하였다. 결 과 : 알레르기 질환이 있는 산모 군에서 6개월 이상 모유 수유하는 경우가 34.4%(n=21)였고, 3개월 미만으로 수유한 경우가 55.6%(n=15)로 두군 간에 통계학적 차이는 보이지 않았다(P>0.05). 초유 내의 IL-8 농도만이(P=0.021) 알레르기 질환이 있는 산모에서 더 높게 측정되었다. 반면 초유 내의 $TGF-{\beta}1$와 $TGF-{\beta}2$ 농도는 알레르기 질환이 없는 산모에서 더 높게 측정되었다(P=0.013, P=0.001). 초유나 모유 내 사이토카인과 생후 2세까지 알레르기 질환이 발생한 소아 간에 통계학적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 결 론 : 생후 2세까지 발생한 알레르기 질환과의 연관성 있는 사이토카인은 발견하지는 못했다. 알레르기 질환이 있는 산모와 알레르기 질환이 없는 산모 간에 차이를 보인 $TGF-{\beta}1$, $TGF-{\beta}2$와 IL-8이 알레르기 질환의 병인에 연관성 조사를 위해, 추후 이들에서 장기간 추적 관찰이 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• 헤리티지:역사와 과학
• /
• 제43권3호
• /
• pp.306-333
• /
• 2010

그동안 신라의 왕성이었던 월성에 대한 연구는 월성을 중심으로 한 도성제와 월성해자 발굴을 통한 월성 주변의 모습에 치중해 있었다. 그러나 2004년에 월성 지표조사보고서가 발간되고 시험적 성격으로서 GPR탐사가 월성 내에서 실시되면서 월성에 대한 학술적 관심은 성내부로 변화되었다. 다행히 경주 월성의 고고학적 기초학술 조사가 시작되고 사업의 일환으로 월성 전 지역에 대한 물리탐사를 2007년 3월부터 1년에 걸쳐 실시하게 되었다. 이번 조사의 기본 목적은 GPR탐사를 실시하여 시험탐사에서 확인된 매장유구를 월성 전체 지역에 대하여 영상화하는 것이다. 미리 설정한 격자망에 수많은 측선을 조밀하게 설치하여 3차원 GPR 탐사를 실시하였으며 총 조사면적은 $112,535m^2$이다. 분석은 Depth Slice를 실시하여 각 깊이별로 유구의 변화양상과 중복상황을 파악할 수 있도록 하였으며, Slice Overlay 분석법을 이용하여 각 깊이별 반사체를 하나의 도면으로 추출하였다. 또한 3차원 입체분석법인 Isolated Surface 영상화를 실시하여 유구 해석의 이해를 높였다. 그 결과 월성 내에서 총 14개의 구역으로 구분 지을 수 있는 크고 작은 건물지가 확인되었으며, 주목되는 곳은 월성의 서부(2구역), 중부(9구역), 동부(14구역)에 중요시설물일 것으로 짐작게 하는 대규모의 범상한 건물배치가 있는 3개의 구역이다. 본 연구결과를 통해서 3차원 GPR탐사는 광역적인 유적탐사에 매우 효과적이며 그 자료처리에 있어서 Slice Overlay 분석법은 지하 매장물에 대한 쉽고 뚜렷한 영상을 제공할 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.