• 한국공작기계학회논문집
• /
• 제16권3호
• /
• pp.125-132
• /
• 2007

The purpose of present paper is to investigate a fracture characteristics of the finite-width single-edge-notch(SEN) carbon fiber/epoxy reinforced plastics(CFRP) plates by using an acoustic emission(AE). Uni-directionally oriented 10 plies CFRPs specimen which had different notch length were prepared for monotonic tensile test. Matrix cracking appeared over whole testing process and fiber breaking appeared later on mainly Load distribution factor of the matrix confirmed that increased according as increases of plate width ratio. The amplitude distribution of AE signal from a specimens is an aid to the determination of the different fracture mechanism such as matrix cracking, disbonding, interfacial delamination, fiber pull-out, fiber breaking, and etc. In the result of AE amplitude distribution analysis, matrix cracking, fiber disbonding or interfacial delamination, and fiber pull-out or fiber breaking signal correspond to <65dB, <75dB, and <90dB respectively, Also, changes of the slope of cumulative AE energy represented crazing phenomena or degradation of materials.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.106-113
• /
• 2011

본 논문에서는 구형 도파관의 협벽에 이중 슬롯을 가진 비공진형 슬롯 도파관 안테나를 설계하였다. 설계된 협벽 슬롯 도파관 안테나는 슬롯의 기울임 각도에 의해 복사되는 에너지가 결정되기 때문에, 요구되는 부엽 크기를 만족시키는 복사에너지의 크기 분포가 나오도록 각 슬롯의 기울임 각도를 조정하였다. 기울임 각도의 조정은 기존의 슬롯 도파관 안테나의 설계에서 주로 사용되는 슬롯 컨덕턴스 추출 방법이 아닌, 개개의 슬롯 개구면 필드를 푸리에 변환하여 원전계 복사 패턴을 계산하고, 원전계 복사 패턴으로부터 최대 크기의 분포를 산출하는 방법을 사용하였다. 제안된 방법으로 비공진형 이중 슬롯 도파관 안테나를 설계하고, 실제 제작하여 안테나 성능을 측정, 비교하였다.

• 한국생산제조학회지
• /
• 제25권2호
• /
• pp.105-111
• /
• 2016

Ultrasonic metal welding, unlike the conventional welding techniques, does not require an external heat source, welding rod, or filler metal. Therefore, ultrasonic metal welding is not only economical but also environment-friendly, and hence, it has been receiving much attention. In ultrasonic welding, heat is generated because of the plastic deformation and the friction between both surfaces of the welded materials. It is important to identify the heat-affected zone by measuring the temperature generated at the weld. In this study, the effects of the welding pressure, welding time, and vibration amplitude on the temperature distribution in the weld were evaluated by performing a transient thermal analysis of the heat generated during ultrasonic metal welding. The experimental results indicated that the temperature of the weld tends to increase with the welding time and vibration amplitude. However, an increase in the pressure does not affect the temperature of the weld largely.

• 한국안광학회지
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.55-60
• /
• 2002

본 논문에서는 입사광의 실수 진폭 분포가 대칭성을 이루지 못하고 임의의 방향으로 편위된 경우에 편위 크기, 편위 방향 그리고 비점수차에 따라 상면에서의 분해 능력을 나타내는 MTF의 변화를 조사하였다. 이 때 고려된 편위 크기는 0.0, 0.25, 0.5, 그리고 0.75인 경우이며, 편위 방향은 0과 ${\pi}/2$이다. 또한 광학계에 포함된 비점수차는 $0.0{\lambda}$, $0.25{\lambda}$, $0.5{\lambda}$, 그리고 $0.75{\lambda}$인 경우를 고려하였다. 무수차 광학계에서는 실수 진폭 분포의 편위 크기가 증가할수록 구결방향과 자오방향 MTF는 감소하였으나, 편위 방향이 ${\pi}/2$인 경우에 비점수차가 $0.75{\lambda}$ 포함된 광학계에 입사된 입사광의 실수 진폭 분포의 편위 크기가 증가할수록 자오방향 MTF는 증가하였다. 이러한 결과로부터 광학계에 포함된 비점수차에 따라 입사광의 실수 진폭 분포가 ${\pi}/2$ 방향으로 편위되어 분포함으로써 광학계에 포함된 비점수차를 보정함을 알 수 있으며, 눈에서는 난시의 효과와 비점수차의 영향을 최소화하기 위해 Stiles-Crawford 효과가 나타남을 알 수 있다.

• 대한음성학회지:말소리
• /
• 제66호
• /
• pp.1-20
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of fundamental frequency(F0) and amplitude distributions in persons with cerebral palsy(CP) in the reading task. Participants were divided into three groups: 6 persons with spastic CP, 6 persons with athetoid CP and 6 normal persons who are around 15-20 years old. On the results of this study, firstly, in F0 distributions, most of the spastic CPs tended to appear narrow distributions on the basis of mode, but most of the athetoid CPs were opposite, and both of the CP groups tended to distribute highly on lower and higher frequencies than mean and mode. On the other hand, normal persons had a tendency to appear narrow distributions on the basis of mode. Finally, in amplitude distributions, the spastic CPs showed a tendency that there are little differences between the distribution of mode and the others, and most of the athetoid CPs showed a tendency that the distributions of mode were higher than the others. In addition to, the normal persons had a tendency that the distributions of mode were remarkably higher than both of the CP groups.

• 수산해양기술연구
• /
• 제32권4호
• /
• pp.402-410
• /
• 1996

Recently carbon fiber reinforced plastic(CFRP) has been used structural materials in corrosive environment such as for water, chemical tank and chemical pipes. However, mechanical properties of such materials may change when CFRP are exposed to corrosive environment for long periods of time. Therefore, it is important to understand the effect of moisture absorption on mechanical properties of the CFRP. In this study, degradation behavior of immersed carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite material was investigated using acoustic emission(AE) technique. Fracture toughness test are performed on the compact tension(CT) test specimens that are pilled by two types of laminates $[0^{\circ}_2$/$90^{\circ}_2]_3s$ and $[0^{\circ}_2$/$90^{\circ}_2]_6s$During the fracture toughness test, AE test was carried out to monitor the damage of CFRP by moisture absorption. In spite of the change of moisture absorption rate, the fracture toughness of CFRP was not change. As immersion time increased, AE event count numbers decreased in low amplitude range of AE for amplitude distribution histogram. The event in low amplitude range was known to be generated by debonding of matrix-fiber interface. Therefore, decrease of AE event count numbers in low amplitude range represents that debonding of matrix-fiber interface which was probably generated by moisture absorption.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제13권5호
• /
• pp.2050-2058
• /
• 2018

Impulse characteristic of transmission tower grounding grid is needed for lightning protection of transmission line. This paper describes an outdoor experimental test facility established for large-scale grounding grid of transmission tower, made up of four impulse current generators and a circle current return electrode. The amplitude of impulse current is up to 100 kA. The results of the CDEGS simulation and GPR measurement reveal the uniform current distribution in the test arrangement. An impulse test for a square electrode with extended conductors is carried out in condition of three current waveforms with different amplitude. Based on the electrical network model and iterative algorithm method, a calculation model is proposed to simulate the impulse characteristic of large-scale grounding grid considering soil ionization. The curve of impulse resistance against the current amplitude shows the soil ionization both from the simulation and test. Deviation between the simulation and test result is less than 15%.

• 한국조명전기설비학회지:조명전기설비
• /
• 제7권4호
• /
• pp.26-33
• /
• 1993

트리열화 현상을 감지하기 위한 노력으로 음향방출 펄스를 계측할 수 있는 자동계측 시스템을 자체 개발하였다.가교 폴리에틸렌(이하 XLPE라 부른다)시편에 교번전압 15[kV]을 인가했을 때 수초형 트리(bush-type tree)로의 개시 및 진전시 수초형에서 가지형(branch-type tree)으로 진전할 때는 음향방출 평균펄스 진폭(이하 펄스평균 진폭이라 부른다)이 작은 펄스가 많이 발생하였고, 가지형에서 수초형 트리로 진전할 때에는 큰 펄스진폭을 갖는 작은 수의 펄스수를 계측할 수 있다. 이로써 작은 진폭을 갖는 많은 펄스진폭 및 펄스수에 대한 3차원의 분포양상으로서 왜도(Skewness)가 방전의 특성량임을 확인하였고, 왜도를 이용한 S-평면상의 궤적(Trajectory) 변화시 원점에서 멀어질수록 파괴에 가까워짐을 알았다.

• Wind and Structures
• /
• 제18권6호
• /
• pp.693-715
• /
• 2014

Stochastic processes are used to represent phenomena in many diverse fields. Numerical simulation method is widely applied for the solution to stochastic problems of complex structures when alternative analytical methods are not applicable. In some practical applications the stochastic processes show non-Gaussian properties. When the stochastic processes deviate significantly from Gaussian, techniques for their accurate simulation must be available. The various existing simulation methods of non-Gaussian stochastic processes generally can only simulate super-Gaussian stochastic processes with the high-peak characteristics. And these methodologies are usually complicated and time consuming, not sufficiently intuitive. By revealing the inherent coupling effect of the phase and amplitude part of discrete Fourier representation of random time series on the non-Gaussian features (such as skewness and kurtosis) through theoretical analysis and simulation experiments, this paper presents a novel approach for the simulation of non-Gaussian stochastic processes with the prescribed amplitude probability density function (PDF) and power spectral density (PSD) by amplitude modulation and phase reconstruction. As compared to previous spectral representation method using phase modulation to obtain a non-Gaussian amplitude distribution, this non-Gaussian phase reconstruction strategy is more straightforward and efficient, capable of simulating both super-Gaussian and sub-Gaussian stochastic processes. Another attractive feature of the method is that the whole process can be implemented efficiently using the Fast Fourier Transform. Cases studies demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed algorithm.

• 한국음향학회지
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.46-53
• /
• 2000

내만은 잦은 선박통행, 인공구조물에 의한 쇄파 그리고 생물학적 활동으로 외해에 비해 공기방울의 생성이 활발하다. 따라서 공기방울의 생성과정과 분포형태가 주로 쇄파에 의존하는 외해의 특성과는 매우 다른 내만에서의 해수면 후방산란신호를 분석하였다. 해수면 후방산란신호의 입사각에 따른 변화, 해수면 부근에서의 잔향특성 그리고 산란신호의 주파수 확장폭 등을 외해의 산란신호 특성과 비교하였다. 내만에서의 표층 산란신호는 시간영역에서는 매우 불규칙한 진폭의 변화를 보이고 주파수 확장폭이 외해의 거친 해수면보다 더 크게 나타나고 있다. 소위 해수면 잔향신호의 진폭 분포는 기존에 알려진 Rayleigh 분포를 따르지 않고 있어 공기방울의 크기 및 수직분포가 외해와 비교, 매우 상이한 특성을 갖고 있음을 보여주고 있다.