• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.101-104
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• 2000

XML이 인터넷을 기반으로 하는 정보교환의 매개체로써 다양한 응용분야로 확산됨에 따라 XML 데이터로부터 구조정보를 추출하고 효율적으로 저장하며 관계형 데이터베이스로부터 추출된 데이터를 XML 문서로 생성하는 시스템이 요구되어진다. 기존의 관계형 데이터베이스 벤더들이 XML을 처리하기 위해 시스템을 확장하기는 하지만 이러한 시스템들은 시스템과 플랫폼에 종속적이라는 단점을 가지고 있다. 이 논문에서는 이러한 문제점을 해결함과 동시에 DTD와 관계형 스키마가 존재하지 않는 환경에서 XML문서를 효율적으로 저장하고 XML_QL을 지원하는 Amoeba 시스템을 소개한다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.259-266
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• 1994

The role of macrophages was observed In intranasally infected CSH/HeJ mice with trophozoites (3 ×105) of Acnnthomoeba culbertsoni which was a kind of free-living amoebae inducing meningoencephalitis in human and experimental animals. The mortality was 60% in the group of intraperitoneally injected mice with silica (0.5 mg/0.5 ml). It was much higher than that of 10% in the group of amoeba infected mice without silica administration. The phagocytic index of peritoneal macrophages co-cultured with Toxoplasma gondii was estimated daily. In contrast to the control and amoeba infected group which didn't show significant fluctuation of the phagocytic indices, the silica administrated group revealed under 3% until day 3, and gradual increase up to 24.7% in day 5 which was same level of amoeba infected group without silica administration. The level of interleukin- lb (IL- lb) measured by ELISA was the highest in the amoeba infected group without silica injection and the lowest in the amoeba infected group with silica administration. In the test of the amoebicidal activity of mice peritoneal macrcphages Dl uitro, silica administration revealed reducing effect on amoebicidal activity of macrophages. In conclusion, macrophages were proven to play a significant role in defense mechanism against the development of experimentally induced Acnnthamoebo menigoencephalitis.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.5-18
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• 2017

The AMOEBA approach in this study supplements the Hotspot method that had not been fully capable of dealing with the ecotone issues in designating the Development Impact Fee (DIF) zones as had been seen in the preceding study by Kim and Choei (2017). The AMOEBA procedure shares the common Getis-Ord statistic with the Hotspot technique but is more adequate to figure out the ecotones. For the comparative purpose, simulations are run by both methods for a series of different scenarios in terms of analytic spatial units (here, the square grids) from 100m up to 400m; and the zonal outcomes by both methods are compared using a set of evaluative indicators. In terms of the numerical scores, the performances by the two methods are much comparable except that the former is slightly superior with respect to the avoidance of the oversized spread of the selected zones whereas so is the latter with respect to the ease of infrastructure installation. It remains yet to be investigated by the extended studies that include in-depth field surveys to figure out the causes as well as the meanings of such differences in zonal determinations.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.257-263
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• 1999

Identification of the genes responsible for the recovery of virulence in brain-passaged Acanthamoeba culbertsoni was attempted via mRNA differential display polymerase chain reaction (mRNA DD-PCR) analysis. In order to identify the regulatory changes in transcription of the virulence related genes by the brain passages, mRNA DD-PCR was performed which enabled the display of differentially transcribed mRNAs after the brain passages. Through mRNA DD-PCR analysis. 96 brain-passaged amoeba specific amplicons were observed and were screened to identify the amplicons that failed to amplify in the non-brain-passaged amoeba mRNAs. Out of the 96 brain-passaged amoeba specific amplicons, 12 turned out to be amplified only from the brain-passaged amoeba mRNAs by DNA slot blot hybridization. The clone, A289C, amplified with an arbitrary primer of UBC ＃289 and the oligo dT$_{11}$-C primer, revealed the highest homology (49.8％) to the amino acid sequences of UPD-galactose lipid transferase of Erwinia amylovora, which is known to act as an important virulence factor. The deduced amino acid sequences of an insert DNA in clone A289C were also revealed to be similar to cpsD, which is the essential gene for the expression of type III capsule in group B streptococcus. Upregulated expression of clone A289C was verified by RNA slot blot hybridization. Similar hydrophobicity values were also observed between A289C (at residues 47-66) and the AmsG gene of E. amylovora (at residues 286-305: transmembrane domains). This result suggested that the insert of clone A289C might play the same function as galactosyl transferase controlled by the AmsG gene in E. amylovora.a.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.11-16
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• 2015

In general, problems of delimitating trading area are that it takes much efforts depending on regions and the results are not scientific due to agencies' own rules and criteria. Especially, areas like Hongik University Station, where countless stores are opening and closing simultaneously, the field survey needs even more time and expenses. Despite of its drawbacks, it has been considered that the field survey is the most credible method in delimitating trading area. The purpose of this study, therefore, is reducing the field survey when agencies delimitate trade area by maximizing use of previously built GIS database and utilizing spatial analysis. Publicly notified individual land value and floating population of Gwanak-gu were utilized to delimitate trading areas. For an evaluation method, the study results were compared to other trading area boundaries.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.412-419
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• 1989

Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) reacting with the plasmalemma of Amoeba proteus were produced. Specificity of the 3 MAbs was determined by transfer blotting of the SDS polvacryfamide gel. AMS antibody reacted with the mucopolysaccharide bands of the spacer gel, 220 KD and 50 KD proteins of the resolving gel. The maior glycoprotein bands (175 KD, 165 KD) and 50 KD protein of the plasmalemma were recognized by AUG antibody. A third, AMP antibody reacted with the 50 KD protein only. In immunofluorescence microscopy of the enzyme treated cells, the antigens of these MAbs were sensitive to proteases, but not sensitive to neuraminidase. In the assay of cell to substratum attachment after binding with the antibody, AMG and AMP antibodies exerted no effect, but AMS hindered the attachment and cell spreading. Thus the effective components of the plasmalemma in cell to substratum attachment appear to be the mucopolysaccharides and 220 KD protein. The membranes of latex particle infested phagosomes did not show any distinction from the plasmalemma in fluorescence microscopy. Phagosome membranes of amoebae appear to be derived from the plasma membrane without selection in terms of the antigen composition. Amoeba Proteus의 세포막과 반응하는 단세포군 항체를 생산하였다. SDS polyacrylamide gel을 transfer blotting하여 이들 항체의 반응 특이성을 조사해 본 결과 AMS 단항체는 PAS로 염색되는 spacer gel의 mucopolysaccharide 린드, resolving gel의 220 KD 및 50 KD 단백질과 반응하였으며, 세포막의 주요 당단백질인 175 KD 및 165 KD 빈드와 50 KD 단백질은 AMG 단항체에 의해서 인지되었다. 그리고 AMP단항체는 공통인 50 KD 단백질과 특이하게 반응하였다. 효소처리한 아메바의 면역형광칠미경적 조사에서 이들 항체에 대한 항원분자들은 모두 단백질분해효소에 민감하였으며 neuraminidase에 대해서는 변화가 없었다. 이들 항체를 결합시킨 아메바의 용기표면 부착 가능성을 분석한 결과 AMP 및 AMG 단항체는 아무런 영향을 미치지 못하였으며 AMS 단항체는 세포의 용기표면 부착 및 세포의 펴짐을 저해하였다. 따라서 아메바의 용기표면 부착은 mucopolysaccharide 및 220 KD 단백질에 의해서 매게되는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 latex particle을 담고 있는 식포막은 면역형광형미경적 조사에서 세포막과 차이가 없었다. 따라서 겐포막은 항원 조성에 있어서 비 선택적으로 세포막에서 유도되는 것으로 나타났다.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.7-12
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• 2011

Free-living amoebae ingest several kinds of bacteria. In other words, the bacteria can survive within free-living amoeba. To determine how Escherichia coli K1 isolate causing neonatal encephalitis and non-pathogenic K12 interact with free-living amoebae, e.g., Acanthamoeba castellanii (T1), A. astronyxis (T7), Naegleria fowleri, association, invasion and survival assays were performed. To understand pathogenicity of free-living amoebae, in vitro cytotoxicity assay were performed using murine macrophages. T1 destroyed macrophages about 64% but T7 did very few target cells. On the other hand, N. fowleri which needed other growth conditions rather than Acanthamoeba destroyed more than T1 as shown by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay. In association assays for E. coli binding to amoebae, the T7 exhibited significantly higher association with E. coli, compared with the T1 isolates (P<0.01). Interestingly, N. fowleri exhibited similar percentages of association as T1. Once E. coli bacteria attach or associate with free-living amoeba, they can penetrate into the amoebae. In invasion assays, the K1 (0.67%) within T1 was observed compared with K12 (0%). E. coli K1 and K12 exhibited high association with N. fowleri and bacterial CFU. To determine the fate of E. coli in long-term survival within free-living amoebae, intracellular survival assays were performed by incubating E. coli with free-living amoebae in PBS for 24 h. Intracellular E. coli K1 within T1 (2.5%) and T7 (1.8%) were recovered and grown, while K12 were not found. N. fowleri was not invaded and here it was not recovered.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.452-459
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• 1991

담수산 대형 아메바인 각moeba proteus의 위상차 현미경 관찰 및 사진 분석을 통하여 수축포의 배출활동을 조사하f:다. Chalkley's 무기 염류 배양액에 첨가한 0. 1 mM ATP(disodium salt)에 의해 수축포의 배출속도는 270%로 증가하f:으며, 이 ATP의 효과는 Na+ 이온농도가 0.46mM 이상일 때 유효하였다. 실험용액의 NaGl 농도를 10 mM까지 증가시켰을 때 배출작용은 230%에 이르기까지 완만한 직선적 증가를 보였으며, 0.1 mM ATP를 첨가했을 때는 소폭의 NaCl농도 증가(0.50 mM)에 대하여 급격한 상승을 보였다. 이 배출 촉진은 Na+이온에 대해서 선별적으로 이루어졌으며 K+이온으로는 대체될 수 없었다. 배출속도는 Cac12를 제외한 Chalkley's 액에 50 $\mu$ M EDTA(disodium)를 첨가하였을 때에는 2900ye로 증가하였으며 , Caclf 농도가 증가됨에 따라 현격한 감소를 보였다. Chalkley's용액의 Cac12, NaCl을 함께 제외한 경우 배출속도는 대조군 수준에 미달된 데 비하여 0.2 mM Cac12, 10 mM NaCl첨가시에는 대조군의 180%였다. 아메바 수축포의 배출작용이 Na+이온 배출기구로 보고(Pottier efaf., 1987) 이들 결과를 종합해 볼때 아메바의 세포막에는 Na+ 이온의 투과수단으로 칼슘제거에 의해서 촉진확산되는 것과 Na+이온 농도증가에 따른 단순확산이 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.60 no.3
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• pp.155-161
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• 2022

All living organisms are destined to die. Cells, the core of those living creatures, move toward the irresistible direction of death. The question of how to die is critical and is very interesting. There are various types of death in life, including natural death, accidental death, questionable death, suicide, and homicide. The mechanisms and molecules involved in cell death also differ depending on the type of death. The dysenteric amoeba, E. histolytica, designated by the German zoologist Fritz Schaudinn in 1903, has the meaning of tissue lysis; i.e., tissue destroying, in its name. It was initially thought that the amoebae lyse tissue very quickly leading to cell death called necrosis. However, advances in measuring cell death have allowed us to more clearly investigate the various forms of cell death induced by amoeba. Increasing evidence has shown that E. histolytica can cause host cell death through induction of various intracellular signaling pathways. Understanding of the mechanisms and signaling molecules involved in host cell death induced by amoeba can provide new insights on the tissue pathology and parasitism in human amoebiasis. In this review, we emphasized on the signaling role of NADPH oxidases in reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent cell death by pathogenic E. histolytica.

• The Zoological Society Korea : Newsletter
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.113.2-113
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• 1995

No Abstract, See Full Text