• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.486-491
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• 2014

We have been fabricated Thin-walled carbon nanotubes (TWNTs)/amine epoxy additives composite using Eco-friendly solvent system such as supercritical process and dry mixed process. TWNTs/amine epoxy additives composite has used as a curing agent for urethane based bisphenol A type epoxy resin. The thermo-mechanical property of the epoxy resin cured by TWNTs/amine epoxy additives composite is characterized by dynamic mechanical analysis(DMA) and dispersability of the nanotubes in the epoxy matrix is also confirmed by scanning electron microscope(SEM). As a results, the epoxy resin cured by TWNTs/amine epoxy additives composite with supercritical process shows enhanced dispersability of the TWNTs in the matrix and thermo-mechanical property when compare to dry mixed process.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.377-384
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• 1999

The corrosion of copper in $H_2$$SO_4$ $-H_2$$O_2$ etching solutions with amines was investigated at various flow rates (v). Amine additives give a retardation of $H_2$$O_2$ decompositions, increases in both corrosion rates and etch factor, and a protection of etched copper surfaces. However n-alkylamine additives acted as corrosion inhibitors at v < 10cm/s, those acted as corrosion accelerators at v of 10-220cm/s. The maximum corrosion rate was obtained with about 0.1 molal concentration of additives. Steric effects of substituted groups suppressed the acceleration of copper corrosion. The increases in both corrosion rates and flow rates gave the increase in etch factor. Corrosion rates with n-alkylamine increased in the order of ethylamine < n-propylamine < n-butylamine, those with butylamine isomers tert- < sec- < iso- < n-butylamine, and those with amine additives of different number of substituted groups tri- < di- < mono-n-propylamine, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.23-29
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• 2016

Zinc oxide of hexagonal wurzite, is known as n-type semiconductor. It has a wide band gap energy of 3.37 eV and large exciton binding energy of 60 meV. It can be widely applied to gas sensors, laser diodes, dye-sensitized solar cells and degradation of dye waste. The use of microwave hydrothermal synthesis brings a rapid reaction rate, high yield, and energy saving. Amine additives control the different particle shapes because of the chelate effect and formation of hydroxide ion. In this study, zinc nitrate hexahydrate was used as zinc precursor. In addition, ethanolamine, ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, and hexamethylenetetramine are used as shape control agent. The pH value was controlled as 11 by NaOH. The shapes of zinc oxide are star-like, rod, flower-like, and circular cone. In order to analyze physical, chemical, and optical properties of ZnO with diverse amine additives, we used XRD, SEM, EDS, FT-IR, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and PL spectroscopy.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Conference
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• 2002.10b
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• pp.269-270
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• 2002

Antiwear(AW) properties of phoshphonic acid derivatives for trimethylolpropane (TMP) esters were investigated under boundary conditions. AW effect of dialkyl phosphonates depends on polarity of base fluid. They provide good AW performance in less polar TMP esters, whereas their AW effect is not sufficient in polar TMP esters. Amine salts of phosphonic acid were developed as new AW additiνe system for TMP esters. They provide excellent AW performance even in polar TMP esters.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nutrition Society Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.227.1-227.1
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• 2003

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.639-648
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• 2015

Some materials of fatty acids in the biodiesel affect the physical/chemical properties like density, kinematic viscosity, total acid number and oxidation stability by forming an organic fatty acid in combination with oxygen in the air. To solve the problem of the oxidative stability of biodiesel, various kinds of antioxidant has added and analyze the characteristics of the physical/chemical property changes by the addition of antioxidant. Oxidation stability increased by the increase of additives content. The TBHQ among the seven kinds of the additives showed the best performance. Also, 4 kinds of additives like propyl gallate, butyl-amine and pyrogallo has showed above 10 hr of oxidation stability at the addition of 500 ppm. In case of pyrogallo, this is not appropriate as an additive to suitable quality standards of total acid number. TBHA, DTBHQ of hydroquinone was satisfied with the quality standard of oxidation stability but the target of this research(above 10 hr) did not satisfied with oxidation stability. Propyl gallate is also a suitable at the quality standards of total acid number but it was shown not to be an appropriate to the additives due to increasing the total acid number by increasing of the content of additives at the addition of 500 ppm.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.885-889
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• 2012

In this study, amine and metal oxide additives were investigated to improve $CO_2$ adsorption capacity of activated carbons (ACs). The characteristics of surface modified ACs were studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), $N_2$ adsorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and BET. Amine surface treatment decreased specific surface area and pore volume of ACs, but increased alkalinity by the incorporated nitrogen functional groups. Adsorption capacities of amine functionalized ACs was larger than original ACs, because basic group which can react with $CO_2$ was grafted on the ACs surface. Presence of copper oxides on ACs also enhances the carbon dioxide adsorption. The copper oxides could increase the adsorption rate of carbon dioxides due to the acid-base interaction (or electron acceptor-donor interaction). It was found that copper oxide loading was a promising method to improve the $CO_2$ adsorption capacity of ACs.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.172-176
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• 2009

In this research, we defined the basic structure of soft etching material as $H_2SO_4/H_2O_2$, and used additives as inhibitor, surfactant, and stabilizer. By analyzing influence to surface roughness and change of etching rate related to type and density of additives, we research to develop soft etching material having the same adhesiveness as existing etching material. As a result of research, it is estimated that after densities of $H_2O_2$ and $H_2SO_4$ are 3%, 4% respectively, 500 ppm of amine type 5-Azol, as inhibitor, and 600 ppm of PEI, as surfactant, and 10 ppm of phosphoric acid, as stabilizer, are added, is the most reasonable surface roughness and etching rate. As result of solder test, it is estimated that solder resist ink did not peel away or curl up and have reliable adhesiveness.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.607-614
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• 2007

This paper investigated that the functional group and chemical structure of additives affect ice adhesion in aqueous solutions cooling with stirring. In order to compare the effect on the ice adhesion in aqueous solutions, the functional group like carboxyl (-COOH), hydroxyl(-OH) or amine($-NH_{2}$) one were compared each other. Among the functional group, the strength of the hydrogen bonding force order is amine, hydroxyl and carboxyl one. It supports that ethylene diamine 7 mass% solution including amine group was effective to suppress the ice adhesion, though it is corrosive. Also, the ice adhesion were effectively resisted and formed lots of ice slurries in cooling experiment of 7 mass% solution of 1, 2-and 1, 3-propanediol which is different molecular structure but equal molecular weight each other.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.382-390
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• 2015

Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) supports and amine additives were investigated to adsorb $CO_2$. PMMA supports were fabricated by using different ratio of pore forming agents (porogen) to control the BET specific surface area, pore volume and distribution. Toluene and xylene are used for porogens. Supported amine sorbents were prepared by wet impregnation of tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) on PMMA supports. So we could identify the effect of the pore structure of supports and the quantity of impregnated TEPA on the adsorption capacity. The increased amount of toluene as pore foaming agent resulted in the decreased average pore diameter and the increased BET surface area. Polymer supports with huge different pore distribution could be fabricated by controlling the ratio of porogen. After impregnation, the support with micropore structure is supposed the pore blocking and filling effect so that it has low $CO_2$ capacity and kinetics due to the difficulty of diffusing. Macropore structure indicates fast adsorption capacity and low influence of amine loading. In case of support with mesopore, it has high performance of adsorption capacity and kinetics. So high surface area and meso-/macro- pore structure is suitable for $CO_2$ capture.