• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• 제39권1호
• /
• pp.71-76
• /
• 2009

Purpose: Many researches showed loss of alveolar bone in fresh extraction socket and even in case of immediate implant placement. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of non-resorbable barrier membrane on the change of buccal and lingual alveolar bone in immediate implant placement into periapically infected extraction sockets. Materials and methods: Immediate implants were placed into artificially induced periapical lesion of mandibular premolars after complete debridement using buccal bone defect made by a 6mm trephine bur in 4 mongrel dogs. Before flap repositioning, a non-resorbable barrier membrane was placed on the buccal defect in the experimental group. No membrane was placed in the control group. In 12 weeks after placement, the dogs were sacrificed and undecalcified histologic specimens were prepared. The vertical distance from the smooth-rough surface interface(SRI) to gingiva, 1st bone contact and bone crest were measured in buccal and lingual side. The horizontal thicknesses of gingiva and bone at 0, 1, 2 and 3mm below SRI were measured. Results: The buccal bone was resorbed more than lingual bone in both groups and there was statistical significance(p<0.05). The distances from SRI to 1st bone contact were $2.45{\pm}2.35\;mm$ in experimental group and $4.49{\pm}3.10\;mm$ in control group. In all vertical level, lingual bone was thicker than buccal bone(p<0.05). Conclusion: Buccal bone was reduced more than lingual bone in immediate implant placement into periapically infected extraction sockets. Placement of non-resorbable barrier membrane reduced the buccal bone resorption. However there was no statistical significance.

• 대한치과교정학회지
• /
• 제30권5호
• /
• pp.599-611
• /
• 2000

교정치료에 의해 빚어지는 치조골 소실의 정도를 좌, 우측 제1대구치의 근, 원심면에서 치료 전, 후의 파노라마 필름을 이용하여 비교평가하고 치조골 소실에 미치는 영향 요소들을 알아보고자 하였다. 고정식 교정장치 치료를 받은 216명의 환자들은 104명의 성장군과 112명의 성인군으로 나뉘어 졌으며 4개 소구치의 발거가 이루어진 경우는 각각 50명씩이었다. 치료 전, 후 파노라마 사진에서 상하 좌우 제1대구치의 근심 및 원심 부위의 치조골 높이를 백악법랑질경계에서 치조골의 최첨점까지 치아 장축에 평행하게 계측하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 치료 시작시, 성인군은 성장군보다 유의하게 치조골 수준이 낮았다. 2. 치료 후 치조골 수준은 치료 전 수준보다 유의하게 낮았다. 3. 성장군과 성인군 간에 치조골 변화량의 유의한 차가 없었다. 4. 성인발치군은 비발치군보다 유의하게 더 많은 치조골 소실을 모든 원심면에서 보였다. 5. 상악은 하악보다 통계적으로 유의하게 더 많은 치조골 소실을 근심면에서 보였다. 6. 성인군은 원심면에서 근심면보다 유의하게 더 많은 치조골 소실을 보였다.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
• /
• 제35권4호
• /
• pp.145-151
• /
• 2010

Periodontitis is an inflammatory disorder of the periodontium and is characterized by destruction of the tooth supporting tissues, mediated by the upregulation of synthesis and release of a variety of pro-inflammatory factors. Inflammatory cytokines and prostaglandins upregulate RANKL and its subsequent binding to RANK stimulates osteoclast formation, resorption activity, and survival. In our present study, we investigated the effects of HP08-0111, composed of Coptis japonica (Thunb.) Makino, vitamin C and vitamin E, upon inflammatory responses, osteoclastogenesis and alveolar bone loss. HP08-0111 decreased the expression of IL-1$\beta$ and COX2 on LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells and inhibited osteoclast-specific genes such as c-Fos, MMP-9, and TRAP. HP08-0111 also exhibited protective effects against alveolar bone loss in rats with ligature-induced periodontitis. Our results suggest that HP08-0111 is potentially an important therapeutic tool for the treatment of disorders associated with bone loss such as periodontitis.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
• /
• 제31권2호
• /
• pp.67-71
• /
• 2001

Purpose: To assess the possibility of using panoramic indices as an indicator of jaw osteoporosis. Methods: Mandibular cortical width (MCW), degree of mandibular alveolar bone resorption (ABR) and morphology of mandibular inferior cortex (MIC) on panoramic radiograph were used as panoramic indices. These panoramic indices were compared with bone mineral density (BMD) of lumbar (L1-L4) and femoral neck measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. We also compared MCW and ABR of young men with those of postmenopausal women. Results : There was a significant correlation between ABR and BMD of lumbar and femoral neck. And also significant correlation between MIC and BMD of lumbar and femoral neck. ANOVA test of BMD of lumbar and femoral neck showed significant differences according to morphologic classification of inferior cortex. There was significant difference in MCW and ABR between young men and postmenopausal women. Conclusion: Our results suggested that ABR and MIC on panoramic radiograph could be reliable in screening of osteoporosis.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• 제35권3호
• /
• pp.675-685
• /
• 2005

Bone resorption involves sequential stages of osteoclast precursor migration and differentiation of osteoclast precursors into multinucleated osteoclasts. Stromal cell derived factor (SDF)-1 is a chemotactic factor for osteoclast precursor migration. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 is involved in migration of osteoclast precursors and activation of $interleukin(IL)-1{\beta}$. Alveolar bone destruction is a characteristic feature of periodontal disease. Treponema lecithinolyticum is a oral spirochete isolated from the periodontal lesions. The effect of lipopolysaccharide(LPS) from T. lecithinolyticum on expression of SDF-1 and MMP-9 was examined in cocultures of bone marrow cells and osteblasts derived from mouse calvariae. T. lecithinolyticum LPS increased expression of MMP-9 in the coculture. Polymyxin B, an inhibitor of LPS, abolished the increase of MMP-9 mRNA expression by LPS. LPS did not increase the expression of SDF-1, $IL-1{\beta}$ and tumor necrosis $factor(TNF)-{\alpha}$ mRNA in cocultures. Prostaglandin $E_2(PGE_2)$ up-regulated the expression of MMP-9 and NS398, an inhibitor of $PGE_2$ synthesis, down-regulated the induction of MMP-9 expression by T. lecitbinolyticm LPS. These results suggest that T. lecitbinolyticm LPS increases MMP-9 expression in bone cells via $PGE_2$ and that the induction of MMP-9 expression by T. lecitbinolyticm LPS is involved in alveolar bone destruction of periodontitis patients by the increase of osteoclast precursor migration and the activation of bone resorption-inducing cytokine.

• 대한치과보철학회지
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.13-37
• /
• 1985

Biocompatibility of dense synthetic hydroxylapatite is well known and the direct bond with adjacent bone developed. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of clinical application of tooth ash for preservation of alveolar ridge. For this purpose the author performed an experimental implantation of the particulate and root form of both pure dense hydroxylapatite and tooth ash in alveolar sockets immediately after extraction. The pure dense hydroxylapatite was particulate form and root form made by Calciteck Inc. The tooth ash was prepared by incineration at $950^{\circ}C$, and the syrindrical form of the tooth ash was sintered and trimmed to fit the size of the each extraction socket of 10 mongrel dogs. After sugery the clinical, roentgenographical, and histological observation was carried out. The results obtained were as follows; 1. Clinical observation disclosed no dehiscence and exfoliation due to tissue rejection. 2. Vertical resorption of alveolar bone occurred in all experimental sockets as well as the control sites on the roentgenograph. 3. Osteoclastic activity appeared at the inner surfaces of the crestal alveolar bone on the 1st week but disappeared on the 2nd week. 4. There were macrophages in the particulate form on the 1st and 2nd week after surgery but no macrophages appered in the root form. S. New bone formation was developed from the bony wall of experimental sockets and grew to bond with the implant materials. In particulate form the new bone formation did not occur in central zone independently. 6. Tooth ash implant sites were covered with the newly formed bony trabeculation from third week, but Calcitite particles were covered with soft tissue. 7. Generally the healing occurred more rapidly in control sites than in implant sites.

• 대한치과보철학회지
• /
• 제56권2호
• /
• pp.120-125
• /
• 2018

기존의 의치 인상채득 방법은 치조제 흡수가 심한 환자에게 사용하기에 한계점이 있으며, 의치상을 과도하게 연장하여 문제를 발생시킬 수 있다. 특히나 가동성조직이 존재하는 경우에는 정확한 인상 채득을 하기가 어렵고, 따라서 총의치의 적절한 안착을 방해할 수 있다. 치조제 흡수가 심한 환자에서 폐구법 인상을 이용하여 총의치를 제작하면 더 나은 안정성과 유지를 얻을 수 있다. 본 증례는 86세의 여자환자로 상악 전치부에 치은열성비대가 존재하며 하악의 심한 치조제 흡수를 보이는 무치악 환자이다. 따라서 Centric tray를 이용하여 잠정적인 교합고경을 결정 후 고딕아치 장치를 부착한 맞춤형 트레이를 제작하였고, 폐구법 인상채득을 시행하여 상하악 총의치를 제작하였으며, 의치의 충분한 안정성과 유지력을 얻어 환자의 만족도를 높였다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.422-441
• /
• 1993

The purpose of this study was to compare effects of the bioceramics on healing processes of the alveolar bone defects in dogs. Five adult dogs aged 1 to 2 years were used in this study. Experimental alveolar bone defects were created surgically with a #1/2 round bur at the furcation area of the buccal surface of the mandibular 3rd, 4th premolars and 1st molar. Fifteen experimental alveolar bone defects were devided into three groups according to the type of graft materials. The groups were as follows : 1) flap operation with dense hydroxyapatite( DHA group ) 2) flap operation with porous hydroxyapatite( PHA group ) 3) flap operation with natural coral ( NC group ) At 1, 2, 4, 6, and 12 weeks, dogs were serially sacrificed and specimens were prepared with Hematoxylin-Eosin stain and Mallory stain for light microscopic evaluation. The results of this study were as follows : 1. In every group, inflammatory cell infiltrations were seen at 1st weeks due to surgical trauma, however inflammatory response owing to graft materials were not seen. 2. In every group, the appearance of connective tissue around graft materials was loosely formed at the initial stages, however the connective tissue was densely formed at 2 weeks. 3. The presence of osteocytes were observed at 2 weeks in the natural coral group, however the osteocytes were appeared at 6weeks in the dense hydroxyapatite group. 4. A new bone was formed from the base and walls of the defect and gradually expanded toward the graft materials. 5. A resorption of the natural coral occurred irregularly at the periphery of the material, therefore the size and shape of the natural coral were reduced at 6 weeks. 6. At 12 weeks, the porous hydroxyapatite and natural coral were surrounded by newly formed bone most completely, however dense hydroxyapatite was surrounded by newly formed bone in part.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• 제52권5호
• /
• pp.370-382
• /
• 2022

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the preclinical results of 2 types of commercially available deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) when applied to alveolar bone defects in dogs. Methods: This study was conducted using 6 beagles. Alveolar defects in the mandible were formed and filled with 2 DBBMs produced by a similar procedure. Defects were randomly assigned to be filled using DBBM 1 or 2. All defects were covered with a collagen membrane and had a healing period of 12 weeks. After the dogs were sacrificed, histological, histomorphometric, and linear/volumetric analyses were performed. Results: Both DBBM groups showed similar histological findings, demonstrating that bone remodeling had occurred and new bone had formed. The residual bone particles were surrounded by newly formed vital bone. In the histomorphometric analysis, the ratio of the area of vital bone and residual bone substitute in DBBM 2 (38.18% and 3.47%, respectively) was higher than that of DBBM 1 (33.74% and 3.41%, respectively), although the difference was not statistically significant. There were also no statistically significant differences between both groups in linear and volumetric analyses using micro-computed tomography scans and digitized images of dental casts. Conclusions: In the present study, DBBM 1and 2, which were produced by similar processes, showed similar results in histological, histomorphometric, and volumetric analyses. Further studies are needed to identify more specific differences between the 2 DBBMs.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• 제30권3호
• /
• pp.249-257
• /
• 2008

The authors performed the clinical and radiographic evaluation in the 29 patients with sinus bone graft and $Osstem^{(R)}$ implant placement between Sep 2003 and Jan 2006 and got the following results. 1. Fifteen complications developed in the 13 patients. Intraoperative sinus membrane perforation and postoperative maxillary sinusitis developed frequently. 2. The mean preoperative residual alveolar bone height was 4.5 mm, postoperative height 18.5 mm, height 1 year after operation 16.9 mm. 3. Three primary osseointegration failures(3.7%) developed in 3 patients. 4. The survival rate of prosthodontics was 100% at the final follow up. The mean marginal bone resorption around the implants was 0.69 mm 1 year after prosthodontic loading. Marginal bone resorption more than 1.5 mm developed in nine implants and the success rate was 88%.