• 분석과학
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.167-180
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• 1993

Pack cementation법을 이용하여 한국과학기술연구원에서 개발한 세계 최강의 고운 단조용 초내열합금인 KM 1557에 내산화성이 우수한 알루미나이드 코팅층 제조시 코팅처리 변수들이 코팅층의 형성과정에 미치는 영향을 연구하였다. 알루미나이드 코팅처리는 pure 알루미늄 분말을 사용한 high-activity process와 Codep 합금분말을 사용한 low-activity process로 나누어 실시하였다. High-activity process의 경우 활성제의 종류와 첨가량 및 알루미늄의 첨가량에 따라 알루미늄의 증착속도와 알루미나이드 코팅층의 형성속도 및 단면조직은 큰 영향을 받는다. Low-activity process의 경우 알루미늄의 증착속도와 알루미나이드 코팅층의 형성속도 및 단면조직은 활성제의 종류에 전혀 영향을 받지 않으며 단조 활성제의 첨가량에 영향을 받는다. 그러나 활성제의 종류에 따라 코팅층의 표면조직의 결정립 크기가 달라진다. 알루미늄의 활동도에 관계없이 알루미늄의 증착속도는 시간의 평방근에 비례하며, 활성제의 종류에 따라 parabolic rate constants인 $K_p$값이 달라진다. High-activity process의 경우 알루미늄 증착에 필요한 활성화에너지는 활성제의 종류에 따라 달라지나, low-activity process의 경우 활성제의 종류에 관계없이 알루미늄의 증착에 필요한 활성화에너지는 약 12~14 Kcal/mole 정도의 값이 된다.

• 한국분말야금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국분말야금학회 2006년도 Extended Abstracts of 2006 POWDER METALLURGY World Congress Part2
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• pp.1318-1318
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• 2006

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제11권12호
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• pp.1035-1041
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• 2001

The refining process and solubility of Ti in Al matrix during mechanical alloying (MA) were investigated by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) as functions of alloy composition, milling time and ball to powder ratio (BPR). Mechanical alloyed samples were annealed for investigating their stability and the formation behavior of$Al_3Ti$in the temperature range from$200{\circ}C$to$600{\circ}C$. It is observed from present experimental that disappearance of Ti peaks in mechanically alloyed Al-10wt%Ti is not simply attributable to the dissolution of Ti into Al, but associated mainly with extreme refining and/or heavy straining of Ti particles The annealing of the mechanically alloyed Al-Ti powders show differences in aluminide formation behavior when Ti content in Al is equal to or less than l0wt% and higher than l5wt%Ti. When Ti-content in Al is equal to or less than l0wt%, the MA powders transform directly to a global equilibrium state forming $DO_{22}- type\;Al_3$Ti above$400{\circ}C$. In the Al-Ti samples with equal to or higher than l5wt%Ti, transitional phases of cubic$Al_3Ti$and tetragonal $Al_{24}Ti_8$ are formed above$400{\circ}C$. They are stable only below$500{\circ}C$, and, $DO_{22}-type\;Al_3Ti$ becomes dominant aluminide at temperature higher than$ 600{\circ}C$.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제8권11호
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• pp.987-992
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• 1998

Ti 과 AI의 고순도 원소 박판을 이용하여 열간프레스장치에서 고온자전합성법으로 TiAI계 금속간화합물을 제조하였다. 원소 박판에서 $TiAl_3$ 금속간화합물을 제조하는 데 승온속도, 압력, 온도 등의 변수가 고온자전합성에 영향을 미치는 중요한 인자다. 특히 승온속도는 반응합성온도를 결정하는 인자로서 본 실험에서 DTA 분석을 이용하여 공정변수를 결정하였다. DTA 분석결과에 따르면, Ti와 AI의 계면에서 반응합성은 AI의 용융점 이하와 이상의 온도에서 두 번 발생함을 알 수 있다. 또한 승온속도가 증가할수록 두 반응합성온도는 증가하였다. 10층의 Ti 박판과 9층의 AI 박판을 $20^{\circ}C$/min의 승온속도로 고온자전합성시킨 후, $810^{\circ}C$와 240MPa의 압력에서 4시간 동안 열처리한 결과 $700\mu\textrm{m}$ 두께의 TiAI계 금속간화합물 판재를 제조하였으며, XRD 회절과 SEM으로 확인하였다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.153-158
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• 2008

Fe-aluminides have the potential to replace many types of stainless steels that are currently used in structural applications. Once commercialized, it is expected that they will be twice as strong as stainless steels with higher corrosion resistance at high temperatures, while their average production cost will be approximately 10% of that of stainless steels. Self-propagating, high-temperature Synthesis (SHS) has been used to produce intermetallic and ceramic compounds from reactions between elemental constituents. The driving force for the SHS is the high thermodynamic stability during the formation of the intermetallic compound. Therefore, the advantages of the SHS method include a higher purity of the products, low energy requirements and the relative simplicity of the process. In this work, a Fe-aluminide intermetallic compound was formed from high-purity elemental Fe and Al foils via a SHS reaction in a hot press. The formation of iron aluminides at the interface between the Fe and Al foil was observed to be controlled by the temperature, pressure and heating rate. Particularly, the heating rate plays the most important role in the formation of the intermetallic compound during the SHS reaction. According to a DSC analysis, a SHS reaction appeared at two different temperatures below and above the metaling point of Al. It was also observed that the SHS reaction temperatures increased as the heating rate increased. A fully dense, well-bonded intermetallic composite sheet with a thickness of $700\;{\mu}m$ was formed by a heat treatment at $665^{\circ}C$ for 15 hours after a SHS reaction of alternatively layered 10 Fe and 9 Al foils. The phases and microstructures of the intermetallic composite sheets were confirmed by EPMA and XRD analyses.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제30권7호
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• pp.350-358
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• 2020

A variety of composite powders having different aluminum and carbon contents are prepared using various organic solvents having different amounts of carbon atoms in unit volume as ball milling agents for titanium and aluminum ball milling. The effects of substrate temperature and post-heat treatment on the texture and hardness of the coating are investigated by spraying with this reduced pressure plasma spray. The aluminum part of the composite powder evaporates during spraying, so that the film aluminum content is 30.9 mass%~37.4 mass% and the carbon content is 0.64 mass%~1.69 mass%. The main constituent phase of the coating formed on the water-cooled substrate is a non-planar α₂ phase, obtained by supersaturated carbon regardless of the alloy composition. When these films are heat-treated at 1123 K, the main constituent phase becomes γ phase, and fine Ti₂AlC precipitates to increase the film hardness. However, when heat treatment is performed at a higher temperature, the hardness is lowered. The main constitutional phase of the coating formed on the preheated substrate is an equilibrium gamma phase, and fine Ti₂AlC precipitates. The hardness of this coating is much higher than the hardness of the coating in the sprayed state formed on the water-cooled substrate. When hot pressing is applied to the coating, the porosity decreases but hardness also decreases because Ti₂AlC grows. The amount of Ti₂AlC in the hot-pressed film is 4.9 vol% to 15.3 vol%, depending on the carbon content of the film.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.183-192
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• 2023

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is an alternative treatment for liver cancer to the surgical intervention preferred by surgeons. However, the main challenge remains the use of RF for the ablation of large tumours (i.e., tumours with a diameter of >3 cm). For large tumours, RFA takes a large duration in the ablation process compared with surgery, which increases patient pain. Therefore, RFA for large tumours is not preferred by surgeons. The currently materials used in RF electrodes, such as the nickeltitanium alloy (nitinol), are characterized by low thermal and electrical conductivities. On the other hand, the use of materials that have high thermal and electrical conductivities, such as titanium aluminide alloy (gamma titanium), produces more thermal energy for tumours. In this paper, we developed a cool-tip RF electrode model that uses nickel-titanium alloy and replaced it with titanium aluminide alloy by using the finite element model (FEM). The aim of this paper is to study the effect of the thermal and electrical conductivities of gamma titanium on the ablation volume. Results showed that the proposed design of the electrode increased the ablation rate by 1 cm³ /minute and 6.3 cm³/10 minutes, with a decrease in the required time ablation. Finally, the proposed model reduces the ablation time and damages healthy tissue while increasing the ablation volume from 22.5% cm³ to 62.5% cm³ in ten minutes compared to recent studies.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제14권9호
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• pp.614-618
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• 2004

Alloys of $Ti46\%Al-2\%Mo-2\%Nb$ were oxidized between 800 and $1000^{\circ}C$ in air, and their oxidation characteristics were studied. The alloys displayed good oxidation resistance due mainly to the beneficial effects of Mo and Nb. The oxide scales formed consisted primarily of an outer $TiO_2$ layer, an intermediate $Al_{2}O_3-rich$ layer, and an inner mixed layer of ($TiO_{2}+Al_{2}O_3$). Molybdenum and niobium dissolved in the scale effectively improved oxidation resistance. They were mainly distributed in the inner mixed layer of ($TiO_{2}+Al_{2}O_3$).

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제14권7호
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• pp.457-461
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• 2004

The thermomechanically treated $Ti-45.4\%Al-4.8\%Nb(at\%)$ alloy was oxidized between 800 and $1000^{\circ}C$ in air, and the oxidation characteristics were studied. The dissolution of Nb in the oxide scale was observed from the TEM study. The Pt marker test revealed that the oxidation process was controlled by the outward diffusion of Ti ions and the inward diffusion of oxygen ions. During oxidation, the evaporation of Nb-oxides was found to occur to a small amount. Niobium tended to pile-up at the lower part of the oxide scale, which consisted primarily of an outer $TiO_2$ layer, and an intermediate $Al_{2}O_{3}-rich$ layer, and an inner mixed layer of ($TiO_{2}+Al_{2}O_{3}$).

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.128-134
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• 2003

Alloys of Ti-43%Al-2%W-0.1%Si were oxidized isothermally and cyclically between $900^{\circ}C$ and$ 1050^{\circ}C$, and their oxidation characteristics were studied. During isothermal tests, the alloys oxidized slowly up to 100$0^{\circ}C$, but fast at $1050^{\circ}C$. Though the scale adherence was not good above $900^{\circ}C$, the alloys displayed better oxidation behavior than unalloyed TiAl alloys. The oxide scales consisted primarily of an outer $TiO_2$ layer, intermediate $Al_2$$O_3$-rich layer, and an inner mixed layer of (TiO$_2$ $+Al_2$$O_3$). Tungsten was present mainly at the lower part of the oxide scale, while Si over the whole oxide scale.