• 수도
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• 제24권1호통권82호
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• pp.36-40
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• 1997

• 대한자원환경지질학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한자원환경지질학회 2001년도 춘계 공동학술발표회
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• pp.387-389
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• 2001

• 산업기술연구
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• 제36권
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• pp.83-88
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• 2016

In this study, a series of experiment was carried to improve dewaterability of the sludge produced in a treatment plant, located in Hongcheon, Gangwondo, which has been treating municipal wastewater and livestock wastewater. Optimum sludge mixing ratio and the amount of sludge conditioner were determined. As sludge conditioners, alum and ferric salt were selected and tested. For the measurement of sludge dewaterability, capillary suction time(CST) and the specific resistance were measured, The specific resistance was detemined by running a series of Buchner Funnel Test. Mixing the two sludges at a 50:50 ratio with the addition of 20 mL alum gave the best results in terms of dewaterability. The moisture content decreased by 2% at this condition.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2001년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.182-186
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• 2001

An acid forest surface soil as a land farming medium was treated with a water plant alum sludge at 0 to 18%. Indian mustard was grown in the treated soil in a greenhouse for 5 weeks and watered with pH 4 tap water adjusted with a mixed acid (1HNO$_3$: 2H$_2$SO$_4$) during plant growth. Changes in soil property, leachate chemistry, plant growth, and plant uptake of elements by the sludge treatment were determined. The alum sludge treatment increased buffer capacity to acidity, hydraulic conductivity, water holding capacity, and phosphate adsorption of the soil and decreased bulk density and mobility of small particles. The sludge treatment reduced leaching of Al, Mg, K, Na, and root elongation. Plant did uptake less amount of the cations and P but more Ca with the sludge treatment.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.50-60
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• 2012

하수처리시 사용하는 무기 응집제인 알럼과 철염이 지렁이 개체군에 미치는 생태독성학적인 영향을 평가하였다. 여지접촉법에 의한 급성독성 평가에서 Alum과 Ferric chloride의 줄지렁이에 대한 반수치 사농도(LC50)는 각각 457.4 mg $kg^{-1}$, 1,665.2 mg $kg^{-1}$로 Alum의 독성이 Ferric chloride보다 강한것으로 나타났다. Alum은 줄지렁이 산란수, 부화율, 난포당 부화개체수에 영향을 미치지 않았다. Ferric chloride의 경우 난포당 부화개체수에는 영향을 미치지 않았으나 산란수와 부화율을 감소시켰다. Alum 또는 Ferric chloride를 첨가한 먹이를 공급한 줄지렁이는 차세대 발육 유충수가 감소되는 것으로 나타났다. 이상에서 무기응집제인 Alum과 Ferric chloride가 함유된 슬러지를 지렁이에게 급이할 경우 이것들이 줄지렁이 개체군 사멸현상을 유발하는 원인물질중 하나일 가능성을 시사하였다.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.40-50
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• 2002

In order to remove the pollutants effectively in the dye wastewater by chemical precipitation process, coagulation arid flocculation test were carried out using several coagulants on various reaction conditions. It was found that the Ferrous sulfate was the most effective coagulant for the removal of disperse dye(B79), and we could get the best result lot the removal of disperse dye(B56) in the aspects of TOC removal efficiency and sludge field. When the Ferrous sulfate dosage was $800mg/\ell$, the sludge settling velocity was very fast>, and the color was effectively removed in the disperse dye(B79) solution. Although the color removal was ineffective when the Alum was used as a coagulant, the sludge field was decreased in comparison with the Ferrous sulfate or the Ferric sulfate was used in the disperse dye(B56) solution. The general color removal effect for the disperse dye(B56 and B79) solutions, the Ferric sulfate was more proper coagulant than the Alum. It was showed that TOC removal was improved 5% and over by the addition of Calcium hydroxide, and $30mg/\ell$ of sludge yield was decreased(B79). When Alum or Ferric sulfate was used as a coagulant, pH condition for most effective color removal was 5 in B56 solution. In case of Ferrous sulfate as a coagulant, most effective pH condition for color removal was 9. When Ferric sulfate or Ferrous sulfate was used as a coagulant, pH condition for most effective color removal was 9 in B79 solution.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.608-618
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• 2004

Since polyelectrolytes have been used as conditioners, conventionally only a single polyelectrolyte has been added for sludge conditioning. However, the amount of polyelectrolyte needed for optimal conditioning of sludge is very critical. Overdosing reduces the sludge dewaterbility. In this experimental study, sludge conditioning with single or dual polyelectrolyte was conducted to avoid problems associated with overdosing. Single polyelectrolyte conditioning was conducted by one of cationic, nonionic, and anionic polyelectrolytes. The dual polyelectrolyte conditioning was performed by adding one polyelectrolyte and another one in sequence. The dewaterbility of sludges were measured by SRF(specific resistance to filtration), TTF(time to filter), CST(capillary suction time) respectively. Additionally, parameters such as turbidity, zeta potential, viscosity of conditioned sludges or supematant were measured to evaluate the changed characteristics of sludge by addition of polyelectrolytes. From the experiment results, it was concluded that single polyelectrolyte conditioning had a high probability of overdosing, whereas dual polyelectrolyte conditioning resulted in a better dewaterbility and less chance of overdosing. But, it was also found that dosing sequence in dual conditioning was very important according to the characteristics of sludge. Parameters such as viscosity, turbidity, zeta potential were found to be useful as a means of evaluating sludge dewaterbility.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제17권12호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 하수 처리에 많은 장점이 있는 Bacillus sp.를 하수 슬러지에 적용함으로써 악취 제거에 대한 타당성을 검토하였다. 1차 슬러지를 공기공급 만으로 24시간, 48시간, 72시간 경과 후의 $NH_3$제거율은 12.5 %, 12 %, 42.1 %를 나타내었고, Bacillus sp.농축액 10%와 기타 물질을 넣어 고형화시킨 BIO-CLOD를 주입한 반응기에서는 $NH_3$제거율이 43 %, 70 %, 81 %의 제거율을 보였다. NB배지에서 배양된 Bacillus sp.를 1차 슬러지 반응기에 주입율 0 %, 1.7 %, 3.3 %, 6.7(v/v%)에서 72시간 경과 후의 TVOC제거율은 59 %, 71 %, 88 %, 98 %를 나타내었고, $NH_3$제거율은 29 %, 25 %, 31 %, 48 %로서 TVOC 제거율이 더 높았으며, Bacillus sp.주입 농도에 따른 탈수 실험에서는 Bacillus sp.농도를 4(v/v%)로 하는 것이 적합한 것으로 판단되었다. Bacillus sp.농도와 악취물질 감소간에 상관관계가 성립되며, 공기공급과 바실러스의 주입은 생물학적 산화를 도와 악취물질의 제거가능성을 확인하였다. Alum과 PAC을 사용한 1차 슬러지와 소화슬러지의 SRF값으로 적정한 Alum응집제량은 500 mg/L이였고 PAC을 사용할 때는 적정량이 6 mg/L주입하는 것이 타당하다고 판단되었다.

• 공업화학
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.173-177
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 정수장의 alum 슬러지로부터 $AlPO_4$-계 다공성 물질의 합성과정을 규명하고자 가정용 세제, 휴믹산, 아미노산 등과 같은 유기물질을 틀로 사용하여 $Al(OH)_3$과 인산으로부터 $AlPO_4$-계 다공성 물질을 합성하였으며, $600^{\circ}C$의 공기 중에서 소성을 통하여 틀로 사용한 유기물질을 제거하였다. X-선 회절 분석 결과 합성된 물질은 $AlPO_4$-계 다공성 물질의 특징적인 패턴을 나타내었으며, 물질의 형태적인 특성은 주사전자현미경을 이용하여 관찰하였다. $^{27}Al$ MAS NMR 분석을 통하여 $Al^{3+}$ 이온 주변의 화학적 배위환경의 변화를 관찰하였다. 소성 전 물질에는 4배위와 6배위된 $Al^{3+}$ 이온이 함께 존재하지만, 소성 후 물질에서 $Al^{3+}$ 이온은 모두 4배위 환경에 존재하였다. 합성된 고체 내부에 형성된 기공은 BET 비표면적 측정으로 확인하였다. 최종적으로 합성된 물질의 응용으로 공기 중 유해 포름알데히드 제거 실험을 실시하였으며, 포름알데히드 분자가 물질에 존재하는 기공 표면에 흡착됨을 확인하였다. 결론적으로, alum 슬러지로부터 얻어진 $AlPO_4$-계 다공성 재료를 유해 기체의 흡착 및 제거에 활용할 수 있는 가능성을 제시하였다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.53-57
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• 2009

In order to treat the complex wastewater containing organic compound and solids, pre-treatment system associated with molecular separation process were investigated. The reductions of COD and turbidity were obtained after coagulation processes using Alum (Aluminium sulfate, $Al_2(SO_4)_2{\cdot}18H_{2}O$) and PACl (poly aluminium chloride as 17% $Al_{2}O_{3}$). The results of study were as follows: using variable dosage of Alum, COD removal was highest at 4,000 mg/l, and the reduction of COD and turbidity was 42% and 92%, respectively. The optimum coagulation would be effective at pH 7.3 than pH 9.0 by the addition of alum at a concentration of 6,000 mg/l and PACl was add at 4.25% in raw complex wastewater with 2,000 mg/l alum at pH 7.3, the reduction of COD was reduced by 32%. But coagulation aid experiments indicated that PACl would be more effective in sludge separation ability than COD removal efficiency.