• 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양공학회 2004년도 학술대회지
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• pp.114-119
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• 2004

Floating marina has been interests as an alternative to the facilities for recreational boats because of its cost effectivenes and less environmental conflicts. For tile present research, a square floating marina with a length of 400m and draft of 5m was used. This marina can be extended to 800m by putting anotjer one together. Tidal field around tile marina was simulated using a multi-level finite difference method. Tidal motion was assumed sinusoidal in a closed rectangular bay. Velocities and residual current were investigated for two cases of single marina and two marinas installed in tile bay. It was found that the horizontal velocity fields from the water surface to the structure bottom around tile marina were affected. In the marina basin, magnitude of velocity was reduced considerably but overall quality of water circulation was preserved even after two marina were installed.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제50권12호
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• pp.889-896
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 무심천 유역을 대상으로 지표수-지하수 통합해석 모형인 SWAT-MODFLOW를 이용하여 수량이 부족한 하천으로 지하수를 이용한 물공급 방안을 모색하였다. 2011년부터 2015년까지 다양한 모의실험을 수행한 결과 극한가뭄이 도래했던 2015년에 지하수 공급에 의한 월 유출량의 변화는 현 양수시 23%, 최대 양수시에는 68.3%의 증가를 나타냈다. 이를 연간 지하수 함양량으로 산정할 경우 현 이용량을 적용하면 연평균 강수량의 6.2%인 75 mm, 최대 이용량 적용시 연평균 강수량의 24%인 290 mm에 해당하여 연간 안정적인 공급이 가능한 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 가뭄에 취약한 지표수자원과 달리 지하수는 하천수 부족시 물공급의 효과적인 대안이 될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 대기
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.149-161
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• 2012

Going by the research results of the past, of all the uncertainties resulting from the research on climate change, the uncertainty caused by the climate change scenario has the highest degree of uncertainty. Therefore, depending upon what kind of climate change scenario one adopts, the projection of the water resources in the future will differ significantly. As a matter of principle, it is highly recommended to utilize all the GCM scenarios offered by the IPCC. However, this could be considered to be an impractical alternative if a decision has to be made at an action officer's level. Hence, as an alternative, it is deemed necessary to select several scenarios so as to express the possible number of cases to the maximum extent possible. The objective standards in selecting the climate change scenarios have not been properly established and the scenarios have been selected, either at random or subject to the researcher's discretion. In this research, a new scenario selection process, in which it is possible to have the effect of having utilized all the possible scenarios, with using only a few principal scenarios and maintaining some of the uncertainties, has been suggested. In this research, the use of cluster analysis and the selection of a representative scenario in each cluster have efficiently reduced the number of climate change scenarios. In the cluster analysis method, the K-means clustering method, which takes advantage of the statistical features of scenarios has been employed; in the selection of a representative scenario in each cluster, the selection method was analyzed and reviewed and the PDF method was used to select the best scenarios with the closest simulation accuracy and the principal scenarios that is suggested by this research. In the selection of the best scenarios, it has been shown that the GCM scenario which demonstrated high level of simulation accuracy in the past need not necessarily demonstrate the similarly high level of simulation accuracy in the future and various GCM scenarios were selected for the principal scenarios. Secondly, the "Maximum entropy" which can quantify the uncertainties of the climate change scenario has been used to both quantify and compare the uncertainties associated with all the scenarios, best scenarios and the principal scenarios. Comparison has shown that the principal scenarios do maintain and are able to better explain the uncertainties of all the scenarios than the best scenarios. Therefore, through the scenario selection process, it has been proven that the principal scenarios have the effect of having utilized all the scenarios and retaining the uncertainties associated with the climate change to the maximum extent possible, while reducing the number of scenarios at the same time. Lastly, the climate change scenario most suitable for the climate on the Korean peninsula has been suggested. Through the scenario selection process, of all the scenarios found in the 4th IPCC report, principal climate change scenarios, which are suitable for the Korean peninsula and maintain most of the uncertainties, have been suggested. Therefore, it is assessed that the use of the scenario most suitable for the future projection of water resources on the Korean peninsula will be able to provide the projection of the water resources management that maintains more than 70~80% level of uncertainties of all the scenarios.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.216-223
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• 2015

본 연구는 영주댐 건설사업 영향에 따른 멸종위기야생생물 1급 어류 흰수마자의 보전을 위하여 수몰예정지 내 흰수마자를 서식적합지로 이주시키고, 댐에 의한 내성천 상하류 단절 및 유전적 폐쇄에 대비하여 인공종묘생산 및 복원을 통해 내성천에 치어를 방류하여 그 결과를 관찰하였다. 영주댐 수몰예정지 내 흰수마자는 8회 이상 포획 시도에도 불구하고 서식이 확인되지 않아 이주가능지로 이주는 이루어지지 않았다. 내성천에서 포획한 친어 40개체를 통해 인공종묘생산한 치어 5,000개체는 친어의 유전 다양성을 물려받은 것으로 분석되었으며, 사전에 물리적, 생물학적 환경조건 분석을 통하여 자연 서식지와 유사한 최적방류지를 선정하여 인공종묘생산 치어를 방류하였다. 초기에는 방류지점을 중심으로 미소분산이 이루어졌으나, 시간흐름에 따라 확산이 진행되면서 재포획 개체수가 감소하였다. 포획된 방류 개체들은 내성천 자연생태환경에 적응하여 서식하고 있으며, 복부 팽만도가 높고 총배설공으로 배설물이 확인되는 점으로 보아 자연 먹이 섭식이 정상적으로 이루어지고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 인공종묘생산에 의한 영주댐 상하류 내성천 흰수마자 유전적 동질성 확보와 복원 개체군의 증강에 일차적 성공이 이루어지고 있는 것으로 파악되었으며 향후 장기적인 모니터링을 통한 지속적인 효과 분석이 필요할 것으로 전망되었다.

• 한국광물학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.129-138
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• 2013

최근 들어 안정된 수자원 확보를 위해 하천수를 강변의 충적층을 통과시켜 취수하는 강변 여과수 개발이 각광을 받고 있다. 지표수 및 지하수와 반응하는 주변 충적층 퇴적물에 존재하는 철은 강변 여과 후 양수정을 통해 얻어지는 지하수의 수질을 결정하는 데 매우 중요한 요소이다. 본 연구에서는 퇴적물-지하수-지표수의 상호 작용에 의한 철 화학종의 존재 변화를 알아보기 위해 창원시 대산면 낙동강변의 강변여과 부지에서 채취한 대수층 퇴적물 내에 존재하는 철 함유량을 퇴적물 심도 및 입자 크기에 따라 다양한 화학적 철 추출법을 통해 비교하였다. 실험 결과는 전체적으로 지표로부터 20 m 부근까지는 2가철 및 총 철 함량이 전체적으로 감소하다 20 m 깊이 이하에서는 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 이러한 결과는 육안으로 관찰되는 퇴적물 색깔이 지시하는 산화/환원 환경 특성과도 일치하였다. 한편, 퇴적물의 모래 부분보다 미사/점토 부분에서 추출법에 따라 2~10배의 철이 추출되었다. 그리고, 다양한 추출법 중 DCB 용액에 의해 가장 많은 철이 추출되었다. 이와 같은 다양한 철 분석법으로 추출되는 철 함량 특성은 퇴적물 내에서 철의 용해 및 침전을 결정짓는 심도에 따른 산화/환원 조건의 좋은 지시자로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제37권11호
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• pp.631-635
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• 2015

체계적인 관리가 이루어지지 않고 있는 중소형 저수지의 향후 적극적 활용을 위한 예비 연구로 A시의 중소형 저수지 33개에 대한 현장조사 및 수질자료 분석이 수행되었다. 여름철(6월)과 가을/겨울철(11월) 2차례에 걸쳐 지자체 관리의 21개 저수지에 대한 수질 분석이 이루어졌으며, 한국농어촌공사 관리의 12개 저수지의 수질자료를 확보하여 비교 분석하였다. 2차례의 수질 분석 수행 결과, 일부 중소형 저수지의 수질이 현행 이용목적인 농업용수 공급이 가능한 "약간나쁨(IV)" 수준에 미치지 못하는 것으로 확인되었으며, 저수용량이 감소하는 가을/겨울철에 수질악화가 대부분의 저수지에서 발생하는 것으로 나타났다. 이로 인해 한국형 부영양화지수에 의한 부영양화 상태가 대부분의 저수지에서 "부영양" 혹은 "과영양" 상태인 것으로 확인되었다. 도심지와의 접근성이 높은 일부 저수지의 퇴적토 분석 결과 오염도는 심각하지 않은 것으로 나타났으며, 수질과의 연관성은 높지 않았다. 이상의 결과는 중소형 저수지에 대한 대체 수자원, 관광사업, 내수면어업, 신재생에너지 생산, 홍수저감을 위한 저류지 등으로의 활용에 대한 기초자료로 이용될 수 있을 것으로 예상되었다.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2016년도 학술발표회
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• pp.1-1
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• 2016

Many of the world's large ecosystems are severely stressed due to population growth, water quality and quantity problems, vulnerability to flood and drought, and the loss of native species and cultural resources. Consequences of climate change further increase uncertainties about the future. These major societal challenges must be addressed through innovations in governance, policy, and ways of implementing management strategies. Science and engineering play a critical role in helping define possible alternative futures that could be achieved and the possible consequences to economic development, quality of life, and sustainability of ecosystem services. Science has advanced rapidly during the past decade with the emergence of science communities coalescing around 'Grand Challenges' and the maturation of how these communities function has resulted in large interdisciplinary research networks. An example is the River Experiment Center of KICT that engages researchers from throughout Korea and the world. This trend has been complemented by major advances in sensor technologies and data synthesis to accelerate knowledge discovery. These factors combine to allow scientific debate to occur in a more open and transparent manner. The availability of information and improved communication of scientific and engineering issues is raising the level of dialogue at the science-policy interface. However, severe challenges persist since scientific discovery does not occur on the same timeframe as management actions, policy decisions or at the pace sometimes expected by elected officials. Common challenges include the need to make decisions in the face of considerable uncertainty, ensuring research results are actionable and preventing science being used by special interests to delay or obsfucate decisions. These challenges are explored in the context of examples from the United States, including the California Bay-Delta system. California transfers water from the wetter northern part of the state to the drier southern part of the state through the Central Valley Project since 1940 and this was supplemented by the State Water Project in 1973. The scale of these activities is remarkable: approximately two thirds of the population of Californians rely on water from the Delta, these waters also irrigate up to 45% of the fruits & vegetables produced in the US, and about 80% of California's commercial fishery species live in or migrate through the Bay-Delta. This Delta region is a global hotspot for biodiversity that provides habitat for over 700 species, but is also a hotspot for the loss of biodiversity with more than 25 species currently listed by the Endangered Species Act. Understanding the decline of the fragile ecosystem of the Bay-Delta system and the potential consequences to economic growth if water transfers are reduced for the environment, the California State Legislature passed landmark legislation in 2009 (CA Water Code SS 85054) that established "Coequal goals of providing a more reliable water supply for California and protecting, restoring, and enhancing the Delta ecosystem". The legislation also stated that "The coequal goals shall be achieved in a manner that protects and enhances the unique cultural, recreational, natural resource, and agricultural values of the Delta as an evolving place." The challenges of integrating policy, management and scientific research will be described through this and other international examples.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.477-487
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• 2021

Due to the global climate change, Korean peninsula is has been experiencing flooding and drought severely. It is hard difficult to manage water resources sustainably, because due to intensive precipitation in short periods and severe drought has increased in Korea. Reused water from the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) could be a sustainable and an alternative water source near the urban areas. In order to understand the patterns of water reuse in Korea, annual water reuses data according to the times and regional governments were investigated from 2008 to 2019. The reused water from WWTP in Korea has been mainly used for river maintenance flow and industrial use, while agricultural use of water reuse has decreased with time. Metropolitan cities in Korea such as Seoul, Busan, Daegu, Ulsan, and Incheon have been mainly used reused reusing water for river maintenance flow. Industrial water reuse has been limitedly applied recently for the planned industrial districts in Pohang, Gumi, Paju, and Asan. By using the collected annual water reuse data from the domestic sewerage statistics of sewerage, the optimistic and pessimistic future estimations of for future annual water reuse were suggested from 2020 to 2040 on a five year interval for every five years.

• BMB Reports
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.230-236
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• 2003

Hot water-soluble crude polysaccharide (HCAP-0) that was obtained from the fruits of Capsicum annuum showed potent anti-complementary activity. The activity was unchanged by pronase digestion, but decreased by periodate oxidation. The HCAP-0 was fractionated by DEAE ion-exchange chromatography to give two major fractions, HCAP-II and III. These two fractions were finally purified by gel filtration to give HCAP-IIa, HCAP-IIIa1, and IIIa2 fractions that had high anti-complementary activities. The HCAP-IIIa1 and IIIa2 consisted of homogeneous polysaccharides. The anti-complementary activities were unaffected by treatment with polymyxin B, indicating that the modes of complement activation were not due to preexisting lipopolysaccharide. The molecular weight and sugar content of HCAP-IIIa2 had potent anti-complementary activity. The highest yields were 55 kDa and 75.9%, and the molar ratio of galactose (Ara:Gal, 1.0:4.6) was higher than other sugars. The crossed immuno-electrophoresis showed that both classical and alternative pathways were activated by HCAP-IIIa2.

• 생약학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.308-315
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• 2012

Opuntia humifusa known as the Eastern prickly pear have been used as a treatment of burns, diarrhea, asthma, rheumatism, gonorrhea, and diabetes in alternative medicine. O. humifusa is widely cultivated in the middle and southern provinces of Korea and distributed in North America. The aim of this study is to investigate anti-diabetic effect of O. humifusa stem (OHS) water or 80% MeOH extract using 3T3-L1 adipocytes and db/db mice animal models. OHS 80% MeOH extract at a dose of $250{\mu}g/ml$ significantly increased the glucose uptake and lipid accumulation compared with the control in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Blood glucose, plasma total cholesterol and triglyceride levels were significantly reduced by oral treatment of OHS 80% MeOH extract (200 mg/kg BW) for 6 weeks in db/db mice. Also, the oral treatment of OHS 80% MeOH extract slightly changed the plasma insulin and insulin resistance levels in db/db mice, but were no significance in comparison to control. Glucose transporter(GLUT)4 expressions of adipose tissue and muscle were significantly increased more than that in the control. Therefore, these results suggest that OHS 80% MeOH extract inhibits the blood glucose level through regulation of lipid profile, insulin resistance, and GLUT4 expression in db/db mice and its diabetic effect is effective more than water extract.