• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• v.6 no.4
• /
• pp.417-422
• /
• 1998

Loxoprofen sodium (sodium 2-[4-(2-oxocyclopentylmethyl)phenyl] propionate dehydrate) is a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug of $\alpha$-phenyl propionic acid derivative. To test the bioequivalence of loxoprofen, the pharmacokinetic parameters of new preparation of loxoprofen, LENOX was compared with LOXONIN as a reference drug. Fourteen healthy volunteers were entered to the stydy (Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital IRB approval No. 9608). They were administered 60 mg of loxoprofen in 2$\times$2 cross-over design. There was one week of drug-free interval between doses. The blood sample was taken on schedule up to 8 hours, and the plasma concentration loxoprofen was measured by reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV-detector. There were no significant difference between two preparations when AUC, Cmax, and Tmax were compared by ANOVA. The mean differences of AUC, Cmax, and Tmax were within 20% of the reference drug: the values were 2.22,5.61, and 12.50%, respectively. The confidence limits of AUC and Cmax but not Tmax satisfied the bioequivalence criteria. These results suggest that the tested LENOX is bioequivalent to the reference drug.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
• /
• v.35 no.2
• /
• pp.32.2-32.2
• /
• 2010

Red dusty Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) are suspected to mid-stage between ULIRG and AGN phase. As well as, they are suspected that they have more than 50% of AGN population. To understand character of red AGN, Black Hole (BH) mass of red AGN is a key property and haven't measured by existing method such as reverberation mapping and single epoch method. So we still don't know their character and properties clearly. To estimate properties of red AGNs escape from effect of dust-obscuration, we have obtained Near InfraRed (NIR) spectra of 31 reverberation mapped AGNs and 49 Palomar-Green(PG) Quasi-Stellar Object (QSO) using the infrared camera (IRC) for AKARI with unique wavelength range 2.5-$5.0{\mu}m$. From this spectra, we measured the FWHM and luminosity of brackett ${\alpha}$, ${\beta}$ at 4.0, 2.6 micron meter for deriving new BH mass estimators based on the properties of Brackett line emission.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
• /
• 2000.04a
• /
• pp.159-162
• /
• 2000

The purpose of this study is to develope an accurate procedure for measuring the glass content of fly ash produced by bituminous coal to assist in predicting their behavior in concrete. Quantitative mineralogical compositions of fly ashes were obtained by internal standard method using powder X-ray diffraction analysis. In the X-ray diffraction method, the specimen and standard fluorite were cautiously mixed and pulverized to 22$\mu$m in wet process so as to avoid the prefered orientation of the crystal and microabsorption effect of X-ray. calibration curve were fitted for several references peaks of four phases:$\alpha$-quartz. mullite, magnetite, hematite. The amount of glass was calculated by subtracting the amount of crystal phase and loss on ignition from the total amount. Glass content determined with this method ranged from 66.7 to 75.wt%.

• Journal of Korea Foundry Society
• /
• v.10 no.5
• /
• pp.426-434
• /
• 1990

Continuous casting of the Al-Cu-Ni ternary eutectic alloys was carried out by the upward continuous casting process. The morphology of the ternary eutectic growth and the stability of solid-liquid interface were investigated under various growth conditions. It was possible to get the planar solid-liquid interface at the condition of $G_L/R＝3.59{\times}10^3^{\circ}C\;sec/mm^2$ in Al-Cu-Ni ternary eutectic alloys. In Al-rich, Ni-rich and Cu-rich hypereutectics of Al-Cu-Ni ternary alloys, primary ${\alpha},\;{\tau}\;and\;{\theta}$ dendrites have grown as the leading phase ahead of the ternary eutectic composites.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
• /
• v.54 no.6
• /
• pp.1853-1878
• /
• 2017

Let $\{U(t,s)\}_{t{\geq}s}$ be a periodic evolutionary process with period ${\tau}$ > 0 on a Banach space X. Also, let L be the generator of the evolution semigroup associated with $\{U(t,s)\}_{t{\geq}s}$ on the phase space $P_{\tau}(X)$ of all ${\tau}$-periodic continuous X-valued functions. Some kind of variation-of-constants formula for the solution u of the equation $({\alpha}I-L)^nu=f$ will be given together with the conditions on $f{\in}P_{\tau}(X)$ for the existence of coefficients in the formula involving the monodromy operator $U(0,-{\tau})$. Also, examples of ODEs and PDEs are presented as its application.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
• /
• v.28 no.3_4
• /
• pp.697-710
• /
• 2010

In this paper, we prove existence of infinitely many positive and concave solutions, by means of a simple approach, to $3^{th}$ order three-point singular boundary value problem {$x^{\prime\prime\prime}(t)=\alpha(t)f(t,x(t))$, 0 < t < 1, $x(0)=x'(\eta)=x^{\prime\prime}(1)=0$, (1/2 < $\eta$ < 1). Moreover with respect to multiplicity of solutions, we don't assume any monotonicity on the nonlinearity. We rely on a combination of the analysis of the corresponding vector field on the phase-space along with Knesser's type properties of the solutions funnel and the well-known Krasnosel'ski$\breve{i}$'s fixed point theorem. The later is applied on a new very simple cone K, just on the plane $R^2$. These extensions justify the efficiency of our new approach compared to the commonly used one, where the cone $K\;{\subset}\;C$ ([0, 1], $\mathbb{R}$) and the existence of a positive Green's function is a necessity.

• Journal of Surface Science and Engineering
• /
• v.29 no.6
• /
• pp.648-653
• /
• 1996

Hydrogenated amorphous carbon(a-C:H) films are prepared by rf plasma CVD in a $CH_4$ source gas system diluted with Ar of $H_2$. The spectra of emissive and reactive species in the plasma are detected using in stiu optical emission spectroscopy. Inaddition, the relationship between the film properties which can be varied by the deposition parameters and the Raman spectra is studied. In the $CH_4/H_2$ gas system, the emission intensities of CH and $H \tau$ decrease and those of $H \alpha$, $H \beta$, $C_2$ and Ar increase with increasing $H_2$ concentration, The formation of $C_2$ and CH in the $CH_4/Ar/H_2$ gas system is greatly suppressed by hydrogen addition and the excess of hydrogen addition is found to form graphite structure. The $C_2$ formation in the gas phase enhances a-C:H film formation.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.41-49
• /
• 1993

두 층으로 이루어진 박막에서 이온선 혼합에 의해 형성되는 결정상 및 비정질상을 예측할 수 있는 새로운 모델을 제시하였다. 기존의 예측 모델과는 달리, 이온선 혼합 공정에서의 확산메카니즘에 영향을 미치는 변수로서 각 원소의 응집에너지와 침입형자리 크기 그리고, 이온반경을 이용하였다. 비정질상 형상 여부를 결정하는 인자로서 ADF(amorphization determinating factor)를 새로 정의하여 다음과 같이 모델식을 세웠다. 즉, ADF=C1(RB-rA)＋C2(Ecoh, max/Ecoh, min)＋$\alpha$이다. ADF가 양의 갓을 갖는 계는 이온선 혼합에 의해 비정질상이 형성되며 ADF가 음의 값을 갖는 계는 비정질상이 형성되지 않는다. 70여 가지의 금속/금속 및 금속/실리콘계에 대한 실험결과로부터 본 모델을 검증하였으며 아직까지 실험결과가 부족한 몇 가지 금속/실리콘계에 대해서 본 모델을 이용하여 비정질상 형성 여부를 예측하였다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.24 no.10
• /
• pp.979-986
• /
• 1991

From October 1988 to November 1989, seven patients underwent valve replacement during the active phase of native valve endocarditis. There were 4 males and 3 females whose mean age was 41 years[range, 16 to 68 years]. Preoperative two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography showed vegetations and severe valvular regurgitation in all patients. Blood cultures were positive in 4, and negative in 3 patients Organisms were alpha-hemolytic Streptococcus in 2, Staphylococcus epidermidis in 1, Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae in 1 patient Valve tissue cultures were negative in all patients. Intravenous antibiotic therapy had been done for 3 to 18 days in 5 patients pre-operatively and was not done in 2 patients, Indications for operation were heart failure in h, and systemic emboli in 1 patient. The aortic valve was involved in 3, mitral in 1, and both aortic and mitral in 3 patients, One operative death[14.4%] occurred in patient with cardiogenic shock before operation. Late death occurred in one on 14 months after operation. The remaining 5 patients were followed up over a two year period in good condition. In conclusion, native valve endocarditis with severe heart failure must be considered for early operation.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.316-320
• /
• 2003

A protocol is described for rapid multiplication of Zanthoxylum piperitum DC. (Rutaceae), an important aromatic and medicinal plant, through shoot-tip explant cultures. Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with various concentrations of N-6-benzyladenine (BA), N-6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and thidiazuron (TDZ), in single or in combination with ${\alpha}-naphthaleneacetic$ acid (NAA), was used to determine the rate of shoot proliferation. N-6-benzyladenine (BA) used at 0.5mg/l, was the most effective in initiating multiple shoot proliferation at the rate of 23 microshoots per shoot-tip explants after 40 days of culture. Shoot multiplication increased 1.2-fold in each successive subculture. Induction of rooting (98%) was achieved by transferring the shoots to the same basal medium containing 2 mg/l indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). Plantlets went through a hardening phase in a controlled growth chamber, prior to in vivo transfer. These results represented that possible application for the mass production of plantlets through in vitro culture system of Zanthoxylum piperitum DC.