• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.12-22
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was done to investigate factors associated with depression and quality of life (QoL) among the community-dwelling elderly. Methods: This study used a descriptive correlational research design. The subjects were 730 elders aged over 65 living in D district of Daegu. Data were collected using questionnaires for 30 days in April, 2007. The research instruments utilized in this study were a physical function scale of long-term care insurance system, Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form Korea Version (GDSSF-K), and Korean Quality of Life Scale (KoQoLs). The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Duncan, stepwise multiple regression, and Spearman correlation. Results: The mean age of the subjects was 72.6, and 68.8% and 57.9% of subjects were, respectively, female and living alone. 12.3% of variance in depression was explained by age, education, economic status, subjective health, alcohol consumption, condition of teeth, and fall experience. 18.2% of variance in QoL was explained by economic status, number of diseases, condition of teeth, incontinence, paralysis, and IADL. Economic status and condition of teeth were contributing factors to depression and QoL of the elderly. Conclusion: Findings of this study may be useful in understanding the health status of the community-dwelling elderly and developing more regionally specific health promotion strategies.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.95-100
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• 2019

Whilst most research focuses on the reduction of operative energy use in buildings, the aspect of which (and how many) materials are used is often neglected and poorly explored. However, considering the continuous growth of the global population and the limited availability of resources, it is clear that focusing on operative energy alone is too short-sighted. The tasks lying ahead for architects and engineers cannot be accomplished with conventional methods of construction. With a share of 50-60% of global resource consumption, the building industry has a decisive impact on our environment. If business as usual continues, resources will be significantly depleted in a matter of decades. Therefore, researchers of the University of Stuttgart are investigating the concept of adaptivity as a promising method for saving resources in the built environment. The term adaptivity in the context of building structures was first introduced by Werner Sobek. It describes a method where sensors, actuators and control units are implemented in systems or facades in order to oppose physical impacts in an ideal way. The applicability of this method will be verified on an experimental high-rise building at the University campus in Stuttgart. Thus, this paper describes this innovative research project and depicts the concept of adaptivity in high-rise structures. Furthermore, it gives an overview of potential actuation concepts and the interdisciplinary challenges behind them.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.49-54
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• 2021

As the consumption of avocado fruits and avocado oils is steadily increasing, the amount of avocado seeds which are thrown away as by-products is also inceasing. Thus, the possibility of use of avocado seeds as natural preservatives was studied focused on the antioxidant effect. The extraction of avocado seeds and seed husks with 100% ethanol by maceration showed highest antioxidant activities and lowest IC50 values compared to 80% ethanol extract. Furthermore, 100% ethanol extract of avocado seeds and seed husks included significantly higher amount of polyphenols than 80% extract. However, total flavonoid content of 100% avocado seed extract was not signigicantly different from 80% seed extract, whereas that of 100% avocado seed husk extract was significantly higher than 80% seed husk extract. In case of acid values, heating of oil alone for 120 and 180 min significantly increased the acid values, whereas the treatment of oil with seed and seed husk extract signficantly decreased the acid values. These results suggest that antioxidant effects of avocado seeds and seed husks protected the oil against heat-induced acidification. Thus, avocado seeds and seed husks have a potential to be developed as an natural antioxidant and natural preservative which could be used commercially.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.113-123
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• 2021

Purpose: BTS Meal at McDonald's was launched in May 2021 in selected countries all over the world. BTS fans in Indonesia bought the BTS Meal and collectively donated to the online delivery drivers as a form of empathy. As a quantitative study, this paper aims to identify the influencing factors in sociopsychology for fans to buy products (BTS Meal) available online using celebrity endorsement strategy, as well as demonstrating social empathy as an extended effect. Research design, data and methodology: empirical research was conducted through an online survey sent to 150 participants using the purposive sampling method. Participants were BTS fans, or ARMYs, who bought BTS Meal and conducted donations. Data were then sorted and processed with path regression. Results: preference and role model influenced the buying behavior; however, these factors influenced social empathy only when mediated by consumption. Preference and role model alone did not have a direct influence on social empathy. Conclusions: Consumer behavior insight is relevant in distribution science. A meal distribution involving brand ambassadors is considerable, particularly with celebrities demonstrating quality in capturing fans' hearts through role modeling. When a distribution is conducted online using a brand ambassador, buying behavior could lead to a social impact.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.332-342
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• 2022

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is recognized one of the leading metabolic diseases globally, and the younger age population with the disease is rapidly growing, especially in developed countries. Since there has been no approved medicine, losing weight is known to be the only best remedy to control or reverse the disease. Recently, the field of microbiome has attracted much attention to offer more practical choices for patients. Here, we provide experimental evidence that Streptococcus thermophilus LM1012 (LM1012), a safe probiotic strain, is effective for improving NAFLD indexes. In the methionine-choline deficient (MCD) diet induced C57BL/6 mouse model, administration of LM1012 promoted marked reductions of aspartate transaminase (23.8%), total bilirubin (27.8%), hydroxycholesterol (64.2%), triglyceride (29.7%) and IL-1β (68.3%) compared to the MCD diet alone group. Also, the histopathological data imply that LM1012 inhibited fat accumulation and inflammation in the liver, which are the key biomarkers for progression of the disease. Together, these findings suggest that human consumption of LM1012 as a healthy nutritional supplement, may be helpful in reducing the risk of liver damages in NAFLD patients.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2021.11a
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• pp.176-177
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• 2021

In order to compensate for the defects of concrete made using only Portland cement, three-component powder mixed with blast slag and fly ash, and four-component powder concrete mixed with silica fume are being produced. When each of the admixtures is used alone, the above-described excellent performance is expressed and up to 70% of the powder is used. These technologies are also contributing to the reduction of greenhouse gases under Act on Low Carbon. Green Growth. However, calcium hydroxide is consumed as a stimulator or reaction in the case of silica fume, which causes latent hydroponicity of slag, pozzolane reaction, and silica mixtures represented by fly ash. It is known that the consumption of calcium hydroxide affects the alkalinity of concrete. As a result, the carbonation resistance is significantly lower among the durability of concrete. Research on quantification of such effects is insufficient. In this study, an experiment was conducted to quantify calcium hydroxide of the three-component and four-component powder paste using thermal analysis equipment (DTG), and the effect of the mixing amount was discussed.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2023

Concrete is one of the most widely used structure materials. Concrete is like the motor of the construction industry. The remarkable feature of this Concrete is its cheapness and low energy consumption. Concrete alone does not show resistance against any force but only against compressive forces. Therefore, steel rebar product is used as a reinforcement and increase the strength of Concrete. It can be done by putting rebar in Concrete in different ways. Rebar rusting is one of the crucial symptoms that cause swift destruction in reinforced structures-factors such as moisture in concrete increase the steel corrosion rate. In most cases, it is difficult to compensate for the damage caused by the corrosion of base metals, so preventing corrosion will be much more cost-effective. Coatings made with nanotechnology can protect Concrete against external degradation factors to prevent water and humidity from penetrating the Concrete and prevent rusting and corrosion of the rebar inside. It prevents water penetration and contamination into the Concrete and increases the Concrete's quality and structural efficiency. In this research, silica and titanium dioxide nanoparticle coatings have been used due to their suitable electrical and thermal properties, resistance to oxidation, corrosion, and wear to prevent the corrosion of rebars in Concrete. The results of this method show that these nanoparticles significantly improve the corrosion resistance of rebars.

• Archives of design research
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• v.13
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• pp.177-200
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is to show the textile designers how to be creative and how to accept other ideas which are not necessarily of their own, and to show what exactly creating anything means. During the 1950's and'60s. America and Europe reached their peak in developing their consumption culture. After World War II, America achieved an astonished feat in developing its thechnology and industry to cause the economy to a rapid ascendence. The U.S. government adopted the Keynsian theory in its economic policy. The Keynsian theory advocates the consumer spending. And during this time period the American public developed consumption habit. Mass production and mass media went in hand to induce the public to buy. The public became an important target for the advertising stratages of the industry. In order for the industry to advertise the mass produced products, it had to utilize the mass media such as television, newspaper, and magazine. And mass media came into play an important role not to advertise the products, but to imform and educate the public about the products. This corporate stratege is further enhanced by the desire of the American public to climb up the ladder by way of material possession. Pop Art was born not only in reflecting the ideology of the consumption culture, but acted as a catalyst for more spending. The subjects of Pop Art are cars, foods, comics, Hollywood actors and movie scenes, the famous singers or persons. Andy Warhol specifically used the chosen image repeatedly to emphasize the redundacy of the image. The common factors which exist between Andy Warhol's Pop Art and textile design is the repetition in form, and the way of transferring an image to a canvas - Warhol used the frotttage technique to transfer an image to a canvas and textile design is transferred to a paper by way of transferring technique. Also the way Warhol thought of his paintings as a decorative elements and made a couple of his paintings into wallpapers or exhibits his painstings wall to wall demonstrates his close alliance with the textile design, let alone his comercial design background. In this study, I examined the inter-relationship between textile design and Pop Art. To carry out this study, I examined the comsumption culture: and the biomorphic relationship of culture and art: and Pop art and its transience stage. The major finding of this study is there exists a common denomenator between textile design and Pop Art, especially of Andy Warhol's.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.60-72
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• 2018

Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate the awareness of energy drinks, energy drink consumption behaviors, and associated factors among college students. Methods: A total of 536 students from three universities in Cheongju completed a self-administered questionnaire regarding awareness and consumption of energy drinks as well as general characteristics, health-related characteristics, and eating habits. Results: Approximately half of the respondents reported they knew what energy drinks were, while 45.7% had heard of energy drinks but did not know what they were. However, 76.9% had experience in using energy drinks. The main reason for using energy drinks was to stay awake, and the main place that they were used was on campus or at the library. More than 70% of energy drink users did not read the caffeine contents of energy drinks. After consuming energy drinks, 31.3% experienced adverse effects, the most serious being sleep disturbance. Approximately 33% of students consumed energy drinks once a month or more frequently, and men consumed energy drinks more frequently than females. Energy drink users who consumed at least one drink each month were more likely to be natural science major or drink more milk for male students, and to have more allowances or consume less meat for female students, compared with non-users. Conclusions: Our study showed that 33% of students consumed at least one energy drink each month, and there were a small number of students consumed energy drinks almost every day or energy drinks mixed with alcohol. Accordingly, college students should be taught potential health hazards of energy drinks mixed with alcohol as well as energy drinks alone. In addition, reading labels about caffeine and sugar contents in energy drinks is encouraged.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.909-930
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• 2022

Although the electricity tariff for each customer class in Korea has an institutional basis which can be linked to cost fluctuations caused by the increase in fuel cost, there is a situation in which it cannot be raised in a timely manner, considering the national economic burden such as inflation. There can be some disagreements about unconditionally raising electricity rates when cost increases occur. It is, however, well known that Korean domestic electricity rates are very low around the world and are in an environment in which rates are not easily adjusted. Moreover, as Korean electricity rates cannot be easily raised due to various factors, domestic electricity rates for each customer class itself have not delivered a desirable price signal for power consumption. Based on historical data such as fuel costs and power production by power source from 2017 to 2020, this study estimated how much power consumption would change if electricity rates were adjusted in 2030 and price signal distortion was resolved. As a result of the estimation, power consumption will be reduced by 9,000 GWh if the current electricity bill is adjusted to a level which can be 100% recovered even with the supply cost alone. This led to a reduction of about 3.82 million CO₂tons of greenhouse gas emissions in the Korean power sector.