• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.244-248
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• 1993

건조조건에 의한 알로에의 품종별 및 부위별로 지방산 및 유기산과 약효성분인 barbaloin을 추출 분리정량 하였다. 7종의 지방산 및 6종의 유기산과 barbaloin 성분을 확인한 후 각 품종별, 부위별, 건조온도별로 함량을 비교하였다. 7종의 총지방산량으로 볼때 palmitic, eicosanoic acid 함량이 높았으며, Aloe saponaria가 가장 적었다. 6종의 유기산 총량으로는 malic, citric 및 oxalic acid가 다른 유기산보다 많았으며, Aloe sponaria가 함량이 많았고, Aloe arborescence 변종 1은 적었다. $65^{\circ}C$와 $80^{\circ}C$ 열풍건조시료는 유기산 및 지방산의 함량이 거의 유사하였고, 동결건조한 시료는 열풍건조한 시료보다 함량이 낮았다. Barbaloin의 경우 품종별 함량은 Aloe arborescence 변종 1이 가장 높았으며, 건조조건에 따른 Aloe vera의 barbaloin 성분은 $65^{\circ}C$보다 $80^{\circ}C$의 경우 감소되었고 동결건조가 가장 많은 함량을 나타내었다.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.317-319
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• 2014

온실에서 재배되는 수입 알로에묘목에 알로에베라진딧물, Aloephagus myersi Essig, 이 채집되었다. 이 종의 원산지는 아프리카로 알려져 있고 수입된 식물을 통해 온실에 도입된 것으로 추정된다. 우리나라의 자연환경에 도입과 정착을 방지하기 위한 이들 종의 진단형질, 사진자료, 기주 및 분포정보를 제공하고자 한다.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.250-256
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• 2014

본 연구는 3개의 색소체 matK, trnL-F, rbcL DNA 염기서열과 1개의 핵 ITS DNA 염기서열을 근거로 한국산 Aloe 3종 A. arborescens, A. vera 그리고 A. saponaria 등과 하나의 변이종 알로에의 유전적 상관관계를 알고자 수행되었다. 전체 2,420 bp 서열이 증폭되었다. 두 개의 삽인-결실(indel)이 trnL 지역에서 확인되었고, 또한 여러 개의 종 특이적인 염기자위가 전체 29개의 최소변이 정보지역(parsimonious informative site)에서 확인되었다. 조사된 한국산 4 종간에는 148 염기변이 지역이 있었으며, 세계산 Aloe 종들을 포함한 비교해서는 170개의 변이지역 중 75개의 최소변이 지역이 확인되었다. UPGMA를 이용한 phenogram에서 새로운 변이종 알로에는 A. vera와 가장 가깝게 유집되었다. 변이종 알로에는 아직까지 보고된 어떤 종류의 Aloe속내 종과 형태적 및 유전적으로 일치하지 않았다. 조사된 알로에 종들의 유집분석 결과는 기존의 연구결과와 일치하였다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.240-243
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• 2013

효모의 유용 기능을 탐색하기 위해서는 효모만을 스크리닝 하는 방법의 정립이 요구되는데 이를 위해서 알로에에 정착하는 효모 군집을 분석하였다. 본 연구에서는 알로에 베라(Aloe vera)와 알로에 사포나리아 (Aloe saponaria)의 잎을 파쇄하여 세균을 억제하기 위해서 항생제 chloramphenicol과 streptomycin과 곰팡이 생장을 억제하기 위해서 Triton X-100과 L-sorbose를 포함한 4가지 선택 배지(DOB with CS, GPY, YM, SCG)에 도말 하였고, A. vera에서 총 67균주, A. saponaria에서 총 42균주를 분리해 내었다. 분리된 균주를 ITS 1, 4 primer를 사용하여 sequence의 계통분석을 실시한 결과, A. vera에서는 Meyerozyma 가 56균주, Rhodotorula 가 1균주, Sporobolomyces 가 1균주, Cryptococcus 가 9균주, A. saponaria에서는 Rhodosporidium 가 41균주, Sporobolomyces가 1균주로 분포 되었다. 계통분석한 모든 분리 균주가 효모로 밝혀졌으며, 특히 대형 플레이트를 도입하여 신속하고 간편하게 대량의 효모를 발굴할 수 있음을 보였다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.311-319
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• 1999

Leaves of Aloe vera Linne and bloods of domestic animal were composted in a soild state fermentation reactor (SSFR) by using microbial additive including a bulking and moisture controlling agent. From solid-culture of microbial additive, 10 species of bacteria and 10 species of fungi were isolated and, their enzyme activities including amylase, carboxy methyl cellulase CMCase, lipase and protease were detected. Optimum fermentation conditions of Aloe leaves and domestic animal bloods in SSFR were obtained from the studies of response surface analysis employing microbial additive content, initial moisture content, and fermentation temperature as the independent variables. The optimum conditions for SSFR using Aloe leaves were obtained at 9.45$\pm$73%(w/w) of microbial additives, 62.73$\pm$4.54%(w/w) of initial moisture content and 55.32$\pm$3.14$^{\circ}C$ of fermentation temperature while those for SSFR using domestic animal bloods were obtained at 10.25$\pm$2.04%, 58.68$\pm$4.97% and 57.85$\pm$5.$65^{\circ}C$, respectively. Composting process in SSFR was initially proceeded through fermentation and solid materials were decomposed within 24 hours by maintaining higher moisture level, and maturing and drying steps are followed later. After the fermentation step, the concentrations of solid phase inorganic components were increased while that of organic components were decreased. Also, concentrations of total organic carbon(TOC), peptides, amino acids, polysaccharides, and low fatty acids in water extracts were increased. As fermentation in composting process depends on initial C/N ratios in water extracts of two samples were increased because of increased water-soluble TOC. From these results, it was revealed that solid state fermentation reactor using microbial additives can be used in composting process of organic wastes with broad C/N ratio.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제25권12호
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• pp.2072-2081
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• 2015

Aloe vera has been used in traditional medicine for the therapy of a variety of disorders, such as wounds and burns. However, few studies have examined the antioxidant capacities of A. vera plants during different growth periods. In order to investigate the effects of growth on antioxidant activity, A. vera was prepared from 2-, 4-, 6-, 8-, and 12-month-old aloe. The extracts from 6-month-old A. vera showed the highest contents of flavonoids (9.750 mg catechin equivalent/g extract) and polyphenols (23.375 mg gallic acid equivalent/g extract) and the highest ferric reducing antioxidant power (0.047 mM ferrous sulfate equivalent/mg extract). The extract from 6-month-old A. vera exhibited the highest free radical scavenging potential, and the lowest IC₅₀ values were found for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (0.26 mg/ml) and alkyl radicals (0.50 mg/ml). In addition, the extract from 6-month-old A. vera showed the greatest effects on cell viability in normal liver cells. Based on these findings, the extract from 6-month-old A. vera was examined further in order to determine its protective potential against tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP)-induced oxidative stress. The extract from 6-month-old A. vera at a concentration of 0.25 mg/ml showed the highest protective activity against t-BHP-induced reactive oxygen species production. These findings suggested that harvesting regimens were critical in the regulation of effects of the bioactive potential of A. vera on antioxidant activity.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제15권10호
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• pp.3708-3728
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• 2021

Indian herbal plants are used in agriculture and in the food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries. Laboratory-based tests are routinely used to identify and classify similar herb species by analyzing their internal cell structures. In this paper, we have applied computer vision techniques to do the same. The original leaf image was preprocessed using the Chan-Vese active contour segmentation algorithm to efface the background from the image by setting the contraction bias as (v) -1 and smoothing factor (µ) as 0.5, and bringing the initial contour close to the image boundary. Thereafter the segmented grayscale image was fed to a leaky capacitance fired neuron model (LCFN), which differentiates between similar herbs by combining different groups of pixels in the leaf image. The LFCN's decay constant (f), decay constant (g) and threshold (h) parameters were empirically assigned as 0.7, 0.6 and h=18 to generate the 1D feature vector. The LCFN time sequence identified the internal leaf structure at different iterations. Our proposed framework was tested against newly collected herbal species of natural images, geometrically variant images in terms of size, orientation and position. The 1D sequence and shape features of aloe, betel, Indian borage, bittergourd, grape, insulin herb, guava, mango, nilavembu, nithiyakalyani, sweet basil and pomegranate were fed into the 5-fold Bayesian regularization neural network (BRNN), K-nearest neighbors (KNN), support vector machine (SVM), and ensemble classifier to obtain the highest classification accuracy of 91.19%.

• 생약학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.144-148
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• 2011

Rhubarb (Rhei Rhizoma) has been used for the various clinical purposes such as purgative, stomach protective and pain relief for a long time. However, rhubarb in current market has a problem of quality control under which many of rhubarb fail to meet the standard specified in Korean Pharmacopoeia. This study was carried out to validate the method for the evaluation of the quality of five rhubarbs and Rumex species; Rheum palmatum, R. officinale, R. tanguticum, R. franzenbachii, R. undulatum, and Rumex species. The content of sennoside A with five anthraquinones (aloe-emodin, rhein, emodin, chrysophanol and physcion) in five rhubarbs and one Rumex has been performed by using HPLC quantitation analysis. In results, only four samples in Palmata sect. were qualified with sennoside A and those samples were R. officinale and R. tanguticum. Samples of R. palmatum did not meet the standard contents of sennoside A. The contents of anthraquinones in Palmata sect. were two times larger than those in Rhapontica sect. Moreover the content variations of anthraquinones were smaller than those of sennoside A. Thus, anthraquinones can be the key characterizing molecules to control quality of rhubarb.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.178-182
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• 2008

Five essential oils and 15 herbal extracts were evaluated to control Bursaphelenchus xylophillus in laboratory. The essential oils from clove plant (Syzygium aromaticum), mustard (Brassica integrefolia), thyme (Thymus vulgaris), and Pelargonium inquinans were found to be highly promising and gave excellent control of the nematodes at all the time of exposure. Among them, the least one gave 91.3% mean mortality rate at 24 hours of exposure time, which is highly significant from the control. While in the second study, most of the methanol (Desmodium caudatum, Paulownia coreana, Auckulandia lappa, Sophota flavescens, Aloe sp., Rheum palmatum, Zingiber officinale, Magnolia officinalis, and Eugenia caryophyllata), hexane (Torreya nucifera, Pharbitis nil, Prunus mume, Melia azedarach, and Xanthium strumarium), and hot water (Cinnamomum cassia) herbal extracts killed the nematodes, but in varying degrees compared to the control. Only one extract was found to be promising viz Magnolia officinalis which found to be statistically different from the control and gave mean mortality of 72, 82.3, and 85.3 % for 24, 48, and 72 hours exposure, respectively. Further screening was conducted for M. officinalis with concentrations of 1,000, 100, and 10 ppm against the same species of nematode with the same time of exposure. However, it gave an excellent result for 1,000 ppm for all time of exposure, whereas for the 100 and 10 ppm it gave mean mortality of 39.5 and 25.8% for the time 72hrs, respectively that were statistically different from the control.