• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.139-148
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• 2021

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic, recurrent, inflammatory skin disease that is a well-known allergic disease with severe itching, making daily life difficult. Since the immunomodulatory action of vitamin D has been reported, several researchers have attempted to determine the correlation between vitamin D and atopic dermatitis. In this review, 41 articles meeting the inclusion criteria were selected and reviewed from the articles published to date. Several studies have reported that low vitamin D levels are associated with the onset of atopic dermatitis and severe atopic dermatitis, but the opinions remain conflicting. Similarly, there are conflicting opinions on the improvement effect of oral vitamin D supplementation on atopic dermatitis, but some possibilities have been suggested. To apply vitamin D as a therapeutic agent for atopic dermatitis, a more systematically designed experiment should be conducted, and an appropriate intake dose for an immunomodulatory function should be obtained.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.115-132
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• 2014

Objective : Portulacae Herba (PH) can clear away heat, detoxicate, cool down blood heat. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of PH on ACD induced by 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) in mice. Method : In this experiment, the effects of PH on changes in body weights, thicknesses and weights of ear, thicknesses of dorsum skin, degree of symptoms on the dorsum skin, histopathological changes of ear and dorsum skin, spleen weights, TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-10 in serum were observed. And the effects on the proliferation rates of splenocytes were also investigated in vitro and in vivo. Results : 1. PH spread (PHS) group and PH spread plus administered (PHS+Adm) group didn't show any changes in weight and thickness of ear. 2. But in PHS and PHS+Adm group, thickness of dorsum skin decreased significantly. 3. And PHS and PHS+Adm group showed meaningful effectiveness on ACD symptoms like erythema, desquamation and keratinization. 4. In histopathological observation, hyperplasia and edema of spongy tissues were remarkably diminished in PHS and PHS+Adm group. 5. And PH reduced the proliferation rates of splenocytes in vivo and vitro study. Conclusions : PH effectively decreased symptoms of ACD in this study, therefore PH can be one of medicinal ingredients to treat ACD.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.161-169
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• 2006

Objectives : Patients who visit oriental medical hospital for growth treatment are increasing. So we aimed to classify the tendency of the patients. Methods : We studied 231 patients who visited Oriental medical hospital for growth treatment from January 2004 to August 2005. We classified sex ratio, height percentile, symptom form of the Oriental medicine, age ratio and developed complication of patients. We used X-ray, endoscope for nasal cavity, blood sample, the Standard Growth Table made by the Korean Association of Pediatrics, 1998. Results : The results which were classified as follows; boys were 50.2 percentile, girls were 49.8 percentile. The classification according to age stage resulted as follows; infant stage 1.3 percentile, preschool age 13.4%, school age 28.6%, rapid growth stage 22.9 percentile, puberty 33.8 percentile. The classification according to height percentile resulted as follows; 3 percentile or under 12.1%, 25 percentile or under 48.9%, 50 percentile or under 25.6%, 75 percentile or under 10.8%, 75 percentile excess 2.6%. The classification according to disease resulted as follows; paranasal sinusitis 12.1 percentile, allergic rhinitis 10 percentile, atopic dermatitis 5.6 percentile, nocturia 3 percentile, convulsion or tic disorder 2.2 percentile, precocious puberty 1.3 percentile, Tuner syndrome 0.9 percentile, developmental disability 0.4 percentile. Conclusions : Sex ratio of children patients who visited Orienatal medical hospital were nearly the same. 13.4% of hospital visit children patients were taller than average. Most of the male children patients were school ages while the female were in puberty. 35.5% of them have developed complication as follows; paranasal sinusitis, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, nocturia, convulsion or tic disorder, precocious puberty, Tuner syndrome and developmental disability.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.596-606
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to find out the factors influencing asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis among Korean adolescents. Data of 72,060 adolescents aged 12 to 18 years were derived from the 10th Korean youth's risk web-based study, which was conducted in 2014. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that factors influencing asthma was sex, age, BMI, subjective socioeconomic status, smoking, and subjective perception of stress. Factors influencing allergic rhinitis was age, place of residence, subjective socioeconomic status, drinking, and subjective perception of stress. Factors influencing atopic dermatitis was sex, age, subjective socioeconomic status, drinking, and subjective perception of stress. In conclusion, regulatory policy of lifestyle, such as smoking and drinking adversely affect allergy related disease in adolescents strengthening comprehensive prevention education and stress management are probably the two need to be implemented at national side.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.36 no.12
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• pp.1517-1522
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• 2007

Inhibitory effects of allergic contact dermatitis of hot water extract of Duchung (Eucommia ulmoides Oliver) leaf, bark and stem growing at Sancheong-gun were investigated for female BALB/c mouse induced by repeat elicitation of DNCB (2,4-dinitro-chlorobenzene). Skin reactions, consisting of increased ear thickness and the presence of ear inflammation, were observed in mice treated with DNCB and Duchung. Weight of lymph node, spleen and thymus in mice treated with Duchung extracts were lower than that of mouse treated with DNCB. Ear weight of mouse treated with Duchung extracts was decreased by increasing the concentration of sample as compared to control group and dropped as low as control level at 1,000 mg/kg. Ear thickness became thinner as test time on Duchung extract progressed. MDA (malondialdehyde) contents in liver tissue were not different in sample group with DNCB group, but were different in ear tissue. NO (nitric oxide) contents was decreased in Duchung extract groups at serum and ear tissues as compared to 1% DNCB group. In the present study, the results suggested that Duchung extract inhibits inflammatory response and oxidative damage induced DNCB allergen.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.81-91
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• 2007

Objective : We wished to examine closely effect that Kami-KangHwalSan medicines used to atopy dermatitis disease patient get in atopy eruption control experimentally. Materials and Methods : Atopic dermatitis (AD) usually develops in patients with an individual or family history of allergic diseases, and is characterized by chronic relapsing inflammation seen specially in childhood, association with IgE hyperproduction and precipitation by environmental factors. However, the exact etiology of AD has been unclear. To further explore the pathogenesis and treatment of AD, a suitable animal model is required. We found that skin lesions, which were chnically and histologically very simlar to human AD, mite antigen-induced dermatitis on the face, neck, ears and dorsal skin of inbred NC/Nga mice. Results and Conclusion : Kami-KangHwalSan medicines controlled CD3+/CD69+, CD4+/CD25+, B220+/IgE+, and B220+/CD23+ revelation that an experiment that motive allergy immune reponse because an in vitro experiment stimulates splenocytes of a NC/Nga mouse same t1me by PWM, and interleukin-4, eotaxin 2, CCR3, TARC mRNA outturn that bear in splenocytes decreased remarkably by Kami-KangHwalSan medicines. Th1 cell and Th2 cell observe to be shifted by secretion amount of IL-4 and IFN-$\gamma$ by Kami-KangHwalSan medicines could know that Kami-KangHwalSan medicines can use usefully in allergy autoimmnune diease.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.93-105
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• 2007

Objective : We wished to examine closely effect that Kami-JeSeubUilYeongTang medicines used to atopy dermatitis disease patient get in atopy eruption control experimentally. Materials and Methods : Atopic dermatitis (AD) usually develops in patients with an individual or family history of allergic diseases, and is characterized by chronic relapsing inflammation seen specially in childhood, association with IgE hyperproduction and precipitation by environmental factors. However, the exact etiology of AD has been unclear. To further explore the pathogenesis and treatment of AD, a suitable animal model is required. We found that skin lesions, which were clinically and histologically very similar to human AD, mite antigen-induced dermatitis on the face, neck, ears and dorsal skin of inbred NC/Nga mice. Result and Conclusion : Kami-jeseupwiryeongtang(JWRTK) medicines controlled CD3+/CD69+, CD4+/CD25+, B220+/IgE+, and B220+/CD23+ revelation that an experiment that motive allergy immune reponse because an in vitro experiment stimulates splenocytes of a NC/Nga mouse same time by PWM, and interleukin-4, eotaxin 2, CCR3, TARC mRNA outturn that bear in splenocytes decreased remarkably by Jeseupwiryeongtang-Kamibang(JWRTK) medicines. Th1 cell and Th2 cell observe to be shifted by secretion amount of IL-4 and IFN-$\gamma$ by Jeseupwiryeongtang-Kamibang(JWRTK) medicines could know that Jeseupwiryeongtang-Kamibang(JWRTK) medicines can use usefully in allergy autoimmnune diease.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.224-229
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• 2011

The prevalence of atopic dermatitis (AD) in school-age children has increased in industrialized countries. As diet is one of the main factors provoking AD, some studies have suggested that food additives in processed foods could function as pseudoallergens, which comprise the non-immunoglobulin E-mediated reaction. Eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) is an eosinophil granule protein released during allergic reactions to food allergens in patients with AD. Thus, serum ECP levels may be a useful indicator of ongoing inflammatory processes in patients with AD. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of consuming MSG in processed foods on serum ECP levels among children with AD. This study was performed with 13 patients with AD (age, 7-11 years) who had a normal range of total IgE levels (< 300 IU/ml). All participants ate normal diets during the first week. Then, six patients were allocated to a processed food-restricted group (PRDG) and seven patients were in a general diet group (GDG). During the second week, children in the PRDG and their parents were asked to avoid eating all processed foods. On the third week, children in the PRDG were allowed all foods, as were the children in the GDG throughout the 3-week period. The subjects were asked to complete a dietary record during the trial period. Children with AD who received the dietary restriction showed decreased consumption of MSG and decreased serum ECP levels and an improved SCORing score on the atopic dermatitis index (P < 0.05). No differences in serum ECP levels or MSG consumption were observed in the GDG. Serum total IgE levels were not changed in either group. In conclusion, a reduction in MSG intake by restricting processed food consumption may lead to a decrease in serum ECP levels in children with AD and improve AD symptoms.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.163-175
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• 2009

Objective : The aim of this study was to take a census of elementary school children who have atopic dermatitis(AD) especially the residents of Je-Cheon. Method : We conducted a questionnaire survey of the elementary school children in Je-Cheon who have atopic dermatitis. 96 patients with AD were involved in the survey. The questionnaire was made up of their family history, past history, weaning food, breast-fed or not, dietary treatment and Children's Dermatology Life Quality Index(CDLQI), etc. The student's T-test was used for statistical analysis. Results : Parents and siblings brothers and sisters past history has an effect on patients with AD. With regard to past history of patients, allergic rhinitis was the most common ailment. Formula feeding was common in the group under 6 months of age and the mean age of the start of weaning was 7.25 months. Fruit juice and weaning food of powder type were the first weaning foods in this study. Many parents introduced a grain diet, live diet, bone - soup, egg, milk, cheese and bean curd to their children under 12 months of age. A restricted diet was the most common dietary treatment method in this study. The highest scoring question for CDLQI was itching; the lowest one was related to bullying. Conclusion : We analyzed the patients' family history, past history, weaning food, dietary treatment and Children's Dermatology Life Quality Index(CDLQI), etc. Through this survey, we better understand the actual conditions of elementary school children who had AD in Je-Cheon.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.325-332
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• 2017

3-Bromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (BDB) is a natural bromophenol compound that is most commonly isolated from red algae. The present study was designed to investigate the anti-inflammatory properties of BDB on atopic dermatitis (AD) in mice induced by 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) and on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated murine macrophages. BDB treatment (100 mg/kg) resulted in suppression of the development of AD symptoms compared with the control treatment (induction-only), as demonstrated by reduced immunoglobulin E levels in serum, smaller lymph nodes with reduced thickness and length, a decrease in ear edema, and reduced levels of inflammatory cell infiltration in the ears. In RAW 264.7 murine macrophages, BDB (12.5, 25, 50, and $100{\mu}M$) suppressed the production of interleukin-6, a proinflammatory cytokine, in a dose-dependent manner. BDB also had an inhibitory effect on the phosphorylation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-${\kappa}B$) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1; Tyr 701), two major signaling molecules involved in cellular inflammation. Taken together, the results show that BDB treatment alleviates inflammatory responses in an atopic dermatitis mouse model and RAW 264.7 macrophages. These results suggest that BDB may be a useful therapeutic strategy for treating conditions involving allergic inflammation such as atopic dermatitis.