• 한국펄프종이공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국펄프종이공학회 2003년도 춘계학술발표논문집
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• pp.180-187
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• 2003

The lignin-degrading fungus Trichophyton sp. LKY-7 was immobilized in ca-alginate beads for laccase production and PCP remediation. The immobilized Trichopphyton sp. LKY-7 enabled the repeated use of this fungus for laccase production and produced high amount of laccase throughout 5 cycles incubation. As a laccase inducer oak wood meal(Quercus variabilis) seemed to be effective laccase inducer for Trichophyton sp. LKY-7, and the optimum addition amount was 1%(W/W) in glucose-peptone medium. Biotransformation of pentachlorophenol by immobilized Trichophyton sp. LKY-7 reached an efficency of up to 90% without toxic inhibition. Immobilized Trichophyton sp. LKY-7 might thus be applicable for semicontinuous laccase production and bioremediation to serve inoculum for reactor system.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.73-77
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• 2005

Plant-derived natural products have been and will continue to be valuable sources. Elicitors have been employed to modify cell metabolism in order to enhance the productivity of useful metabolites in plant cell/tissue cultures. In this study, several elicitors were used to improve the productivity of useful metabolites and to reduce culture time for archiving high concentration in P. ginseng hairy root cultures. The addition of chitosan, chitosan oligosaccharide and alginate oligosaccharide to the culture of P. ginseng hairy roots caused growth to be inhibited with the increase in elicitor concentration. The usage of the chitosan elicitor and D-glucosamine caused a slight decrease in hairy root growth, whereas total ginseng saponin accumulated slightly with the increase in elicitor concentration. When gel beads were added to the culture medium at the initial period, hairy root growth was enhanced. The maximum growth was 1.35 times higher than that of the control at $1\%$ (w/v). Total ginseng saponin content decreased due to the addition of alginate beads. This would result in consistent diffusion of lower levels of calcium ions during the culture period that promotes biomass growth.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.80-86
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• 2014

Tannase (Tan410) from a soil metagenomic library was immobilized on different supports, including mesoporous silica SBA-15, chitosan, calcium alginate, and amberlite IRC 50. Entrapment in calcium alginate beads was comparatively found to be the best method and was further characterized. The optimum pH of the immobilized Tan410 was shifted toward neutrality compared with the free enzyme (from pH 6.4 to pH 7.0). The optimum temperature was determined to be $45^{\circ}C$ for the immobilized enzyme and $30^{\circ}C$ for the free enzyme, respectively. The immobilized enzyme had no loss of activity after 10 cycles, and retained more than 90% of its original activity after storage for 30 days. After immobilization, the enzyme activity was only slightly affected by $Hg^{2+}$, which completely inhibited the activity of the free enzyme. The immobilized tannase was used to remove 80% of tannins from a green tea infusion on the first treatment. The beads were used for six successive runs resulting in overall hydrolysis of 56% of the tannins.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.62-67
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• 1997

To enhance the hyperproductive and low energy-consuming ethanol fermentation rate, the thermotolerant yeast S. cerevisiae RA-74-2 cells were immobilized. An efficient immobilization condition was proved to be $1.5{\%}$ (w/v) alginate solution, neutral pH and 20 h activation of beads. The fermentation characteristics and stability at various temperatures were examined as compared with free S. cerevisiae RA-74-2 cells. The immobilized cells had excellent fermentation rate at the range of pH 3-7 at 30-$42^{\circ}C$ in 15-$20{\%}$ glucose media. When the seed volume was adjusted to 0.12 (v/v) (6ml bead/50 ml medium), $11{\%}$ (w/v) ethanol was produced during the first 34 hand $12.15{\%}$ (w/v) ethanol [$95{\%}$ (w/v) of theoretical yield] during the first 60 h in $25{\%}$ glucose medium. In repetitive fermentation using a 2 litre fermentor, 5.79-$7.27{\%}$ (w/v) ethanol [76-$95{\%}$ (w/v) of theoretical yield] was produced during the 40-55 h in $15{\%}$ glucose media. These data suggested the fact that alginate beads of thermotolerant S. cerevisiae RA-74-2 cells would contribute to economic and hyperproductive ethanol fermentation at high temperature.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.589-601
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• 2023

Malaysian honey is rich in nutrients and bioactive compounds, which can be a healthy alternative to refined sugar in food production. However, liquid honey's viscous and sticky nature makes it unpreferable in industrial handling. This study, an atomization system coupled with vacuum drying to produce honey powders to overcome the problem. Three types of Malaysian honey, namely Acacia, Gelam, and Tualang, were encapsulated in Ca-alginate gel beads using the atomization system. The density viscosity, and surface tension of the honey-alginate solutions were measured, and the concentration of honey and alginate influenced the physical properties of the solutions. Honey-encapsulated gel beads in the size range of 2.16-2.92 mm were produced using the atomization system with the air-liquid mass flow rate ratios of 0.22-0.31, Weber number (We) of 112-545, and Ohnersorges number (Oh) of 0.35-10.46. Gel bead diameter can be predicted using a simple mathematical model. After vacuum drying, the honey gel powder produced was in the size range of 1.50-1.79 mm. Results showed that honey gel powders with good encapsulation efficiency and high honey loading could be produced using the atomization system and vacuum drying.

• 한국축산식품학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국축산식품학회 2004년도 정기총회 및 제33차 춘계 학술대회
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• pp.384-387
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• 2004

The purpose of the present investigation was to develop a novel method for cell immobilization. Aureobasidium pullulans cells were mixed with an alginate solution, and the mixture was extruded to form small gel beads as hydrated- immobilized cells. The beads were then placed at $-15^{\circ}C$ for 6-24 h to induce freeze-dehydration. The freeze-dehydration resulted in shrinkage of beads due to water removal reducing bead volume by 82% and bead weight by 85%. The dehydrated beads were successfully used for the production of fructo-oligosaccharides in a model reactor system. This study showed that bioreactor performance can be improved up to 2 times by the use of the dehydrated beads.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.67-73
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• 2008

Seedling damping-off and bottom rot caused by Rhizoctonia solani are yield limiting diseases of crisphead lettuce. To provide biocontrol measure in the management of the diseases, biocontrol strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa LY-11 was isolated from lettuce rhizosphere and introduced into crisphead lettuce rhizosphere by the seed coating delivery method. Alginate was used as a coating material to generate beads containing $10^6-10^{6.5}$ colony-forming units (CFUs) of viable bacterial cells of LY-11. When seeds germinated from the alginate beads containing the strain LY-11, the bacteria established mostly in plant rhizosphere to maintain at least $10^4$ CFU per gram of plant tissues. Crisphead lettuce seedlings germinated from the entrapped seeds were less affected from damping-off and bottom rot with disease control values of 70.4% and 85.4% respectively. Although P. aeruginosa LY-11 colonized plant rhizosphere and not phyllosphere, the result indicated that bottom rot caused by the foliar inoculation of R. solani was effectively reduced by the rhizobacteria. All data suggested that immobilized rhizobacterial application in seeds by alginate coating could control damping-off and induce induced systemic resistance of crisphead lettuce to reduce bottom rot.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제25권10호
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• pp.1164-1168
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• 2015

화장품용 방부제인 CPN-Gal은 사람 피부세포에 대하여 보다 안전하다고 알려져있다. 장기간에 걸쳐서 CPN-Gal을 생산하는 공정을 확립하기 위하여, β-gal을 생산하는 재조합 대장균을 alginate bead에 고정화 시켜서, 반복 회분식 반응으로 CPN으로부터 CPN-Gal로의 전환반응(transgalactosylation)을 조사하여 보았다. 이 전환반응은 300 ml flask에서 수행하였으며, 반응액에는 고정화된 대장균, 33.8 mM CPN, 400 g/l lactose가 포함되어있으며, pH와 온도는 7.0과 40℃ 였다. 이 때, galactose 한 분자가 lactose로부터 CPN으로 전달된다. 반복 회분식 전환반응은 4회 연속적으로 192시간 동안 성공적으로 수행이 가능하였고, 이 때, 64%의 전환수율을 보였으며, 이 결과는 선행연구 결과에 비하여 보다 우수한 결과이다. 그런데, 반복 회분식 반응이 진행되면서, 192시간 이후부터는 점진적으로 전환수율의 감소가 관찰되었다. western blotting으로 β-gal의 양을 관찰하여본 결과, β-gal의 양의 감소가 관찰되었으며, alginate beads에서 깨어진 금이 또한 발견되었다. 이러한 bead의 깨어짐 현상과 아울러서 β-gal의 불활성화, 그리고 galactose에 의한 product inhibition 등이 192시간 이후의 전환수율 감소의 원인으로 생각된다. 본 연구의 전환공정은 β-gal의 정제가 필요 없이 진행할 수 있기 때문에, CPN-Gal 합성이 보다 실용적이고, 가격 경쟁력 있게 수행될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. 그래서, 이러한 전환공정이 CPN-Gal을 상업화하기 위한 공정으로 발전하길 기대하고 있다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.172-179
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• 2000

여러 재질의 담체를 이용하여 H1-39변이주를 고정화시켜 3.4% 목질계 당화액을 탄소원으로 $37^{\circ}C$, $40^{\circ}C$, $43^{\circ}C$에서 에탄올 발효를 하였는데 전반적으로 유리세포 배양시보다 에탄올 수율, 생산성, 세포수율, 세포 생존율이 향상되었다 온도 37$^{\circ}C$에서는 Ca-alginate와 ABG bead에 고정화된 H1-39변이주에서 각각 가장 높은 14.8 g/1의 에탄올을 생산하였으며 특히 H1-39변이주를 ABG bead에 고정화하여 배양하였을 때 생산성이 1.23g/1-h로 가장높았다. $40^{\circ}C$에서는 ABG bead에 고정화된 H1-39 변이주에서 가장높은 15.2g/1의 에탄올을 생산하였으며 생산성도 0.84g/1-h 로 유리세포 배양시보다 약 91% 증가하였다. 한편 $43^{\circ}C$에서는 ABP고정화 배양을 통해 가장 높은 13.8g/1의 에탄올 생산과 0.77g/1-h의 생산성을 나타내어 유리세포 배양시 보다 각각 14%와 93%의 증가를 보였다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.112-118
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• 1984

설탕 가수분해효소인 invertase를 칼슘 알지네이트젤에 고정화시켰다. 고정화된 입자는 균일한 크기와 모양을 가졌으며 컬럼 충진에 사용 할수 있는 좋은 기계적 강도를 보였다. 최적 효소 활성을 얻기 위하여 알지네이트 젤의 농도, 염화칼슘의 농도, 그리고 염화칼슘 입자의 반응 시간에 따른 영향 등을 조사하였다. 그 결과 2% 알지네이트 젤을 0.2M 염화 칼슘에 2시간 반응시켰을 때 가장 좋은 활성을 보였으며 이해 68%의 효소 수율을 나타냈다. 최적화된 조건에 의해 제조한 고정화 효소는 143mM의 km, 최적 pH는 4.5를 보였으며 $55^{\circ}C$에서 높은 효소 활성 및 열 안정성을 보였다. 젤의 효소 허용 부하량은 20ml 당 150mg이었고 6일동안 컬럼을 통한 설탕의 연속 가수분해에서는 효소 활성에 어떤 감소도 보이지 않았다.