• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.15-22
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• 2017

People generally believe that disaster forecast and warning systems and response systems are well established in the age of cutting edge technology. As a matter of fact, reliable systems to respond to disasters are not properly equipped, as we witnessed the Sewol ferry disaster in 2014. The existing forecast and warning systems are based on sensor information with low efficiency, and image information is only operated by monitoring staff manually. In addition, the interconnection between a warning system and a response system in order to decide how to cope with the recognized disaster is very insufficient. This paper introduces the CCTV based disaster recognition and real time crisis response system composed of the CCTV image recognition engine and the crisis response technique. This system has brought the possibility to overcome the limitations of existing sensor based forecast and warning systems, and to resolve the problems in the absence of monitoring staff when responding to crisis.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.171-179
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• 2022

This paper introduces a monitoring and tracking system for corona19 confirmed patients based on the collected data by installing a device that can manage the access list at the entrance to each building on the campus. The existing QR-based electronic access list can't measure the temperature of the person entering the building and it is inconvenient that members have to scan their QR codes with a smartphone. In addition, when the state manages information about confirmed patients and contacts on campus, it is not easy for members to quickly share and track information. These could lead to cases where a person is in close contact with an infected person developing another patient. Therefore, this paper introduces a device using face recognition library and a temperature sensor installed at the entrance of each building on the campus, enabling the administrator to monitor the access status and quickly track members of each building in real-time.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.78-88
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• 2022

Objectives: To develop the smart sensor to protect worker's health from chemical exposure by adopting ICT (Information and Communications Technology) technologies. Methods: To develope real-time chemical exposure monitoring system, IoT (Internet of Things) sensor technology and regulations were reviewed. We developed and produced smart sensor. A smart sensor is a system consisting of a sensor unit, a communication unit, and a platform. To verify the performance of smart sensors, each sensor has been certified by the Korea Laboratory Accreditation Scheme (KOLAS). Results: Chemicals (TVOC; Total Volatile Organic Compounds, Cl₂: Chlorine, HF: Hydrogen fluoride and HCN: Hydrogen cyanide) were selected according to a priority logic (KOSHA Alert, acute poisoning statistics, literature review). Notifications were set according to OEL (occupational exposure limit). Sensors were selected based on OEL and the capabilities of the sensors. Communication is designed to use LTE (Long Term Evolution) and Wi-Fi at the same time for convenience. Electronic platform were applied to build this monitoring system. Conclusions: Real-time monitoring system for OEL of hazardous chemicals in workplace was developed. Smart sensor can detect chemicals to complement monitoring of traditional workplace environmental monitoring such as short term and peak exposure. Further research is needed to expand the scope of application, improve reliability, and systematically application.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.58 no.2
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• pp.175-184
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• 2022

This study analyzed the allocation of the skipper's attention during fishing operation in the wheelhouse of a Korean coastal composite fishing vessel by using video observation. To summarize the results, the ratio of lookout, radar and GPS monitoring, which is essential for prevention of collision at sea, was significantly lower than that of other fishing operation due to the attention concentration on the work place during hauling line. In order to reduce exposure to risk of collisions due to concentration of attention to certain tasks such as line hauling, it is necessary to develop an alert system that can notify the approach of other ships or obstruction throughout the ship using information from radar or the automatic identification system. In addition, the order of attention allocation to devices and facilities obtained in this study is expected to be used as basic data for device or facility layout based on the principle of usage frequency in designing wheelhouse for coastal composite fishing vessels in the future.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.1
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• pp.9-14
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• 2006

This paper develops a complete methodology for the mitigation of ionosphere spatial anomalies by GBAS systems fielded in the Conterminous U.S. (CONUS). It defines an ionosphere anomaly threat model based on validated observations of unusual ionosphere events in CONUS impacting GBAS sites in the form of a linear ‘wave front’ of constant slope and velocity. It then develops a simulation-based methodology for selecting the worst-case ionosphere wave front impact impacting two satellites simultaneously for a given GBAS site and satellite geometry, taking into account the mitigating effects of code-carrier divergence monitoring within the GBAS ground station. The resulting maximum ionosphere error in vertical position (MIEV) is calculated and compared to a unique vertical alert limit, or $VAL_{H2,I}$, that applies to the special situation of worst-case ionosphere gradients. If MIEV exceeds $VAL_{H2,I}$ for one or more otherwise-usable subset geometries (i.e., geometries for which the 'normal' vertical protection level, or $VPL_{H0}$, is less than the 'normal' VAL), the broadcast ${\sigma}_{pr_{-}gnd}$ and/or ${\sigma}_{vig}$ must be increased such that all such potentially-threatening geometries have VPL$_{H0}$ > VAL and thus become unavailable. In addition to surveying all aspects of the methods used to generate the required ${\sigma}_{pr_{-}gnd}$ and ${\sigma}_{vig}$ inflation factors for CONUS GBAS sites, related methods for deriving similar results for GBAS sites outside CONUS are suggested.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.207-215
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• 1993

In order to statistically predict $O_3$ levels in Seoul, the study used the TMS (telemeted air monitoring system) data from the Department of Environment, which have monitored at 20 sites in 1989 and 1990. Each data in each site was characterized by 6 major criteria pollutants ($SO_2, TSP, CO, NO_2, THC, and O_3$) and 2 meteorological parameters, such as wind speed and wind direction. To select proper variables and to determine each pollutant's behavior, univariate statistical analyses were extensively studied in the beginning, and then various applied statistical techniques like cluster analysis, regression analysis, and expert system have been intensively examined. For the initial study of high level $O_3$ prediction, the raw data set in each site was separated into 2 group based on 60 ppb $O_3$ level. A hierarchical cluster analysis was applied to classify the group based on 60 ppb $O_3$ into small calsses. Each class in each site has its own pattern. Next, multiple regression for each class was repeatedly applied to determine an $O_3$ prediction submodel and to determine outliers in each class based on a certain level of standardized redisual. Thus, a prediction submodel for each homogeneous class could be obtained. The study was extended to model $O_3$ prediction for both on-time basis and 1-hr after basis. Finally, an expect system was used to build a unified classification rule based on examples of the homogenous classes for all of sites. Thus, a concept of high level $O_3$ prediction model was developed for one of $O_3$ alert systems.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.81-87
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• 2016

In line with the sharp increase of container traffic from globalization, ships have become larger with an aim of improving the maritime transport capacity in addition to the growing interest in monitoring danger areas on ships considering the quantity increase of ships, along with the tightening of international standard for ship safety by IMO(international Maritime Organization). Korea established a location based ship accident forecasting and preventing system in 2012 by Korea Coast Guard, however its poor response in ship accidents has been pointed out in the wake of the recent disaster of Sewol ferry. To resolve this problem, this study attempts to design a wearable type, instant emergency response system that has DGPS to issue an alert on danger areas and automatically send ship's location and operation information in emergency situation.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.9-19
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• 2023

Drought is a natural disaster that can have serious social impacts. Drought's impact ranges from water supply for humans to ecosystems, but the impact of drought on river water quality requires careful investigation. In general, drought occurs meteorologically and is classified as agricultural drought, hydrological drought, and environmental drought. In this study, the BOD environmental drought is defined using the bivariate copula joint probability distribution model between the meteorological drought index and the river BOD, and based on this, the environmental drought condition index (EDCI-BOD) was proposed. The results of examining the proposed index using past precipitation and BOD observation data showed that EDCI-BOD expressed environmental drought well in terms of river BOD water quality. In addition, by classifying the calculated EDCI-BOD into four levels, namely, 'attention', 'caution', 'alert', and 'seriousness', a practical monitoring stage for environmental drought of BOD was constructed. We further estimated the sensitivity of the stream BOD to meteorological drought, and through this, we could identify the stream section in which the stream BOD responded relatively more sensitively to the occurrence of meteorological drought. The results of this study are expected to provide information necessary for river BOD management in the event of meteorological droughts.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.3170-3175
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• 2009

In this paper, we developed u-Care service system using technologies of USN and LBS to help construct social welfare infrastructure and social safety net for lone seniors and handicapped people. This service not only monitors the in-house and outdoor activities of those disabled people but also sends the messages, whenever abnormal behaviors are detected, to the people related to them as well as the social welfare organizations and public safety institutions such as police and emergency services and etc in order to alert them.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.116-124
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• 2022

Background: High-alert medications (HAMs) are medications that bear a heightened risk of causing significant patient harm if used in error. To facilitate safe use of HAMs, identifying specific HAM lists for clinical setting is necessary. We aimed to develop the national level HAM list for acute care setting. Methods: We used three-step process. First, we compiled the pre-existing lists referring HAMs. Second, we analyzed medication related incidents reported from national patient safety incident report data and adverse events indicating medication errors from the Korea Adverse Event Reporting System (KAERS). We also surveyed the assistant staffs to support patient safety tasks and pharmacist in charge of medication safety in acute care hospital. From findings from analysis and survey results we created additional candidate list of HAMs. Third, we derived the final list for HAMs in acute care settings through expert panel surveys. Results: From pre-existing HAM list, preliminary list consisting of 42 medication class/ingredients was derived. Eight assistant staff to support patient safety tasks and 39 pharmacists in charge of medication safety responded to the survey. Additional 44 medication were listed from national patient safety incident report data, KAERS data and common medications involved in prescribing errors and dispensing errors from survey data. A list of mandatory and optional HAMs consisting of 10 and 6 medication classes, respectively, was developed by consensus of the expert group. Conclusion: We developed national level HAM list for Korean acute care setting from pre-existing lists, analyzing medication error data, survey and expert panel consensus.