• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권18호
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• pp.8281-8285
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• 2016

Background: Helicobacter pylori is a cause of chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and gastric malignancy, infection being a serious health problem in Thailand. Recently, clarithromycin resistant H. pylori strains represent the main cause of treatment failure. Therefore this study aimed to determine the prevalence and pattern of H. pylori resistance to clarithromycin in Suranaree University of Technology Hospital, Suranree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Northeastern Thailand, Nakhon Ratchasima province, northeast of Thailand. Materials and Methods: This hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out between June 2014 and February 2015 with 300 infected patients interviewed and from whom gastric mucosa specimens were collected and proven positive by histology. The gastric mucosa specimens were tested for H. pylori and clarithromycin resistance by 23S ribosomal RNA point mutations analysis using real-time polymerase chain reactions. Correlation of eradication rates with patterns of mutation were analyzed by chi-square test. Results: Of 300 infected patients, the majority were aged between 47-61 years (31.6%), female (52.3%), with monthly income between 10,000-15,000 Baht (57%), and had a history of alcohol drinking (59.3%). Patient symptoms were abdominal pain (48.6%), followed by iron deficiency anemia (35.3%). Papaya salad consumption (40.3%) was a possible risk factor for H. pylori infection. The prevalence of H. pylori strains resistant to clarithromycin was 76.2%. Among clarithromycin-resistant strains tested, all were due to the A2144G point mutation in the 23S rRNA gene. Among mutations group, wild type genotype, mutant strain mixed wild type and mutant genotype were 23.8%, 35.7% and 40.5% respectively. With the clarithromycin-based triple therapy regimen, the efficacy decreased by 70% for H. pylori eradication (P<0.01). Conclusions: Recent results indicate a high rate of H. pylori resistance to clarithromycin. Mixed of wild type and mutant genotype is the most common mutant genotype in Nakhon Ratchasima province, therefore the use of clarithromycin-based triple therapy an not advisable as an empiric first-line regimen for H. pylori eradication in northeast region of Thailand.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.1433-1436
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• 2016

Background: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a major problem of health in Thailand, particularly in Northeastern and Northern regions, is generally incurable and rapidly lethal because of presentation in stage 3 or 4. Early diagnosis of stage 1 and 2 could allow better survival. Therefore, this study aimed to provide a distribution map of populations at risk for CCA in BuaYai district of Nakhon Ratchasima province, Northeast Thailand. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out in 10 sub-districts and 122 villages, during June and November 2015. The populations at risk for CCA were screened using the Korat CCA verbal screening test (KCVST) and then risk areas were displayed by using Google map (GM). Results: A total of 11,435 individuals from a 26,198 population completed the KCVST. The majority had a low score of risk for CCA (1-4 points; 93.3%). High scores with 6, 7 and 8 points accounted for 1.20%, 0.13% and 0.02%. The population at risk was found frequently in sub-district municipalities, followed by sub-district administrative organization and town municipalities, (F=396.220, P-value=0.000). Distribution mapping comprised 11 layers: 1, district; 2, local administrative organization; 3, hospital; 4, KCVST opisthorchiasis; 5, KCVST praziquantel used; 6, KCVST cholelithiasis; 7, KCVST raw fish consumption; 8, KCVST alcohol consumption; 9, KCVST pesticide used; 10, KCVST relative family with CCA; and 11, KCVST naive northeastern people. Geovisual display is now available online. Conclusions: This study indicated that the population at high risk of CCA in Bua Yai district is low, therefore setting a zero model project is possible. Key success factors for disease prevention and control need further study. GM production is suitable for further CCA surveillance and monitoring of the population with a high risk score in this area.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.271-277
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• 2000

투광성 $TiO_2$박막을 다량의 물을 사용한 티타늄알콕사이드 수용계로부터 sol-gel법으로 제조하였다. sol의 제조를 위해 각각 1 mole의 titanium(IV)iso-propoxide, acetylacetone과 8 mole의 isopropyl-alcohol로부터 킬레이트 화합물을 만들었다. 그리고 sol의 안정성을 위한 0.02~0.50 mole의 HCI과 코팅 접착성을 위한 0.3 mole의 polyethylene glycol을 함유한 50 mole의 수용액을 엄밀히 제어하여 킬레이트 화합물에 적하하였다. 제조된 sol로부터 dipping, 건조 및 $400^{\circ}C$에서 열처리하여 $TiO_2$박막을 제조하였으며, XRD, SEM, UV-visible spectrometer 등을 이용하여 특성을 검토하였다. TTIP : AcAc : IPA : $H_2$O : PEG : HCl의 몰비가 1 : 1 : 8 : 50 : 0.3 : 0.15인 조성을 갖는 중성 sol은 30일까지도 안정한 상태를 유지하였고 코팅성이 양호하였다. 30회까지 반복 침지하고 건조 및 열처리한 anatase상 $TiO_2$박막은 평활한 표면과 두께 약 2 $\mu\textrm{m}$의 치밀한 미세구조를 보였다. 제조한 $TiO_2$박막은 가시광선 영역에서 약 80%의 투과도를 나타내었다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.2205-2209
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• 2016

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a serious problem in Thailand, particularly in the northeastern region. Active surveillance in rural communities with an appropriat low-cost screening tool is required to facilitate early detection. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the population at risk of CCA in Bua Yai district, Nakhon Ratchasima province, Northeastern Thailand using the Korat-CCA verbal screening test (KCVST) during June to October 2015. Reliability of KCVST demonstrated a Cronbach alpha coefficient=0.75 Stepwise-multiple regression showed that alcohol consumption was important for CCA screened, followed by agriculture and pesticide use, under-cooked cyprinoid fish consumption, praziquantel use, naïve northeastern people, opisthorchiasis, family relatives with CCA, and cholangitis or cholecystitis or gallstones, respectively. Population at risk for CCA was classified to low risk (63.4%), moderate risk (33.7%), and high risk (1.32%) for CCA. When CCA was screened using ultrasonography, 4 of 32 high risk participants had an abnormal biliary tract with dilated bile ducts. This study indicates that KCVST is a potential useful too which decrease the cost of large scale CCA screening.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.175-185
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• 1994

In order to anticipate disease pattern and health problems of Koreans in the 1st part of 21st century (by the year 2020), transition of population characteristics, mortality and morbidity data during the last 30 years Koreans have experienced were reviewed. On the actual basis of epidemiologic transition process that has undergone during last 30 years since 1960 along with socioeconomic development and successful implementation of selective national health policies (family planning, medical insurance and etc.), following changes can be expected in the 21st century in Korea, under the assumption that the current rate of progress is maintained. The population of South Korea alone will be doubled the population of 1960 by the year 2013 : aged Population older than 65 years will be increased from 3.3% in 1960 to 11.4% in 2020 with increased average age of the population from 23.6 year in 1970 to 39.2 year in 2020; urban population from 28% in 1960 to 83% in 2005. GNP/capita has increased tremendously from U.S. $120 in 1970 to $6,749 in 1992, and the government estimated it would be 519,350 in 2010 and $29,460 in 2020. Growth and developmental indices of children, educational achievement and social status of women also showed a remarkable improvement and anticipated to make futher progress. Leading causes of mortality and morbidity have shown a striking change during the last 30 years, from infectious diseases to chronic degenerative diseases and man-made injuries. Occurrence of communicable diseases may become minimal although viral hepatitis, venereal diseases Including AIDS, and well adapted herpes virus infections will maintain their endemic level. Newly evolving infectious agents, however, should be carefully monitored because of rapidly changing environments and human behaviours. Tuberculosis may increase up to the epidemic level when AIDS prevails. Ischemic heart diseases may increase steadily with increasing occurrence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus whereas cerebrovascular diseases may be decreased slowly. Musculaskeletal diseases which contribute a lot to the disability of aged people may be a major health problems due to increased aged population. Mental diseases, particularly that caused by alcohol and drug abuse, and senile dementia may become a prominent health problem. On the other hand injuries caused by traffic and industrial accidents that have shown most striking increase till now may be decreased considerably by intensive intervention. The health policies in the 21st century will be oriented to the health promotion for good quality life rather than life-savings.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.195-206
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• 1979

산업(産業)의 발달(發達)과 인구(人口)의 증가(增加)로 그 종류(種類)와 양(量)이 증가(增加)되고 있는 산업폐기물(産業廢棄物)은 여러가지 공해(公害)의 원인(原因)이 되고 있으며 이를 방지(防止)하고 자연(自然)을 보호(保護)하기 위(爲)한 노력(努力)은 국내(國內) 뿐만 아니라 세계적추세(世界的趨勢)임이 확실(確實)하다. 제한(制限)된 자료(資料)에서 산업폐기물(産業廢棄物)의 비료(肥料) 자원화(資源化) 특(特)히 유기질비료(有機質肥料)로의 활용(活用)에 관(關)한 가능성(可能性)과 문제점(問題点) 그리고 그 효과(效果)를 알아보고 다음과 같이 요약(要約)한다. 1. 국내(國內)에서 생산(生産)되는 산업폐기물(産業廢棄物) 20여종(余種)의 성분분석(成分分析) 결과(結果), 비료(肥料)로서 개발가능시(開發可能視)되는 것으로 주정폐액(酒精廢液), 맥주박(麥酒粕), 피혁가공(皮革加工) 폐기물(廢棄物), 합섬공장(合纖工場) 회수탑폐액(回收塔廢液) 커피박등(粕等)이 지적(指摘)되었다. 2. 도시오물(都市汚物)은 그 조성(組成)이 외국(外國)의 것과 전혀 다르므로 그 이용(利用)이 어려우나 인분뇨처리잔사(人糞尿處理殘渣)는 그 조성(組成)으로 보아 유기물(有機物)과 특히 인산자원(燐酸資源)으로서의 활용(活用)이 기대(期待)되나 중금속함량(重金屬含量)과 냄새, 인산(燐酸)의 유효화(有效化) 등(等)이 문제시(問題視)된다. 3. 아미노산발효부산물(酸醱酵副産物)은 유기물(有機物) 및 질소함량(窒素含量)으로 보아 기대(期待)가 되며 이미 개발(開發)된 유일(唯一)한 것으로 그 비효(肥效)가 논의(論議)되었다. 4. 산업폐기물(産業廢棄物)을 비료자원화(肥料資源化)함에 있어 활용상(活用上)의 공통적(共通的)인 문제점(問題点)과 비료(肥料)로써 유통(流通)될 경우의 문제점(問題点) 등(等)이 논의(論議)되었으나 환경보존(環境保存)이란 큰과제(課題)를 놓고 산업계(産業系)는 물론 토양비료학자(土壤肥料學者)들의 보다 적극적(積極的)인 관심(關心)의 집중(集中)이 요청(要請)된다.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.223-230
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• 2020

본 연구는 간호대학생을 대상으로 자아탄력성, 성인애착, 대인관계유능성이 학업스트레스에 미치는 영향을 확인하여 학업스트레스를 조절하기 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 시도되었다. 연구참여자는 B와 Y시의 간호대학생 287명을 대상으로 하였다. 자료분석은 SPSS 22.0 프로그램을 이용하여 실수, 백분율, 평균, 표준편차, t-test, ANOVA, 피어슨 상관계수, 다중회귀분석으로 분석하였다. 대상자의 학업스트레스는 2.28±.46점이었고, 일반적 특성에 따른 학업스트레스의 차이를 분석한 결과 학년(F=16.342, p<.001), 경제상태(F=3.331, p=.037), 음주 횟수(F=3.393, p=.035), 학과만족도(F=40.539, p<.001), 대학생활만족도(F=67.304, p<.001)에서 유의한 차이를 나타냈다. 연구대상자의 학업스트레스는 성인애착(r=.557, p<.001)과는 정적상관관계, 자아탄력성(r=-.379, p<.001), 대인관계유능성(r=-.423, p<.001)과는 부적상관관계를 나타냈다. 학업스트레스에 영향을 미치는 요인은 자아탄력성, 성인애착으로 나타났고, 설명력은 34%로 확인되었다. 본 연구결과를 통하여 간호대학생을 대상으로 학업스트레스에 영향을 미치는 요인을 확인하기 위한 반복연구가 필요하다.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.432-442
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe restraint use in care of patients with psychiatric disorders in an attempt to avoid unnecessary restraint use and provide information for developing standards regarding restraint use as a therapeutic maneuver. Methods: For this descriptive study, discharge records from N National Mental Hospital in the year 2009 were reviewed by trained nurses during Dec. 24, 2010 and Mar. 31, 2011. There were 596 restrains applied on 232 of 1,322 discharges. Data collected include general characteristic of patients, the frequency of restraint use, time since admission when restraint was applied, time of the day when restraint was applied, duration of restraint application, place of occurrence, reasons for restraint use, and degree of damage to the patent. Work experience of nurses who applied restraints, number of workforce at the time of restraint, and season of the year was also identified. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, t-test, ANOVA, $Scheff{\grave{e}}$ and Jonckheere-Terpstra were applied using SPSS 14.0 to analyze the data. Results: There were 596 restraint uses among 232 patients. Restraints were applied most frequently on males in their 40s, patients diagnosed with schizophrenia, and patients repeating admissions more than 6 times. Restraints were frequently applied within first week following admission, between 16:00 and 20:00, and the average duration of restraint was 5 hours. There were significant differences according to diagnoses of patients in the season restraint occured, time, place of occurrence, reason for restraint, and duration of restraint. Patients with alcoholism received longer restraint application. Conclusion: In order to avoid unnecessary restraint use in patients with psychiatric disorders, nurses and other health care team members need to acknowledge a group of patients such as patients with schizophrenia and alcoholism who relatively frequently restrained or receiving longer restraint. Reasonable and careful decision need to be made when applying restraint in the care of patients with alcohol problem.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.599-604
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• 2020

코로나 19 이후 향균에 대한 인식이 많아 달라졌다. 외출 후의 손세정은 필수사항이 되었다. 또한 마스크 착용에 따라 안경에 김서림이 많이 발생한다. 이 문제점은 지금까지의 일상생활에 많은 불편함을 야기하고, 향균과 김서림 방지에 대한 우리들의 인식을 바꾸게 하였다. 이에 본 연구에서는 쑥 추출물을 이용하여 향균 및 김서림 방지에 효과가 있는지 연구를 하였다. 쑥 추출물을 얻기 위해 쑥의 건조과정, 알코올 추출과정, 동결건조과정을 거쳤다. 쑥 추출물과 3:7로 혼합된 징크옥사이드, 천연제올라이트 혼합물을 사용하여 향균성 테스트를 실시하였으며, 쑥 추출물과 기타 혼합물을 사용하여 김서림 방지 테스트를 실시하였다. 그 결과 향균성 테스트에서 시험균주로 사용된 E. coli와 K. pneumoniae의 경우 갯쑥추출물 1% 첨가배지부터 세균이 배양되지 않아 대표적인 그람음성균에 대한 항균력이 확인되었다. 김서림 방지 테스트에서 쑥 추출물 10wt% 혼합물이 고온부와 저온부 모두 매우 양호한 결과를 나타냈다. 우리는 쑥 추출물이 향균과 김서림 방지에 효과가 있어 코로나 19를 극복하는데 많은 도움을 줄 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제61권1호
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• pp.195-218
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• 2009

본 연구는 장기정착 새터민의 빈곤 문제를 남한빈곤층과 비교를 통하여 빈곤의 규모, 심도, 기여 요인들을 밝혀보고자 하였다. 분석을 위해서 제3차 새터민 추적조사 자료와 한국사회복지패널 1차년도 자료를 사용하였다. 새터민의 가구소득은 남한주민의 약 70% 정도로 낮았으나, 빈곤선 200%이상 가구 비율은 남한가구 비율과 비슷한 수준으로 전반적인 경제수준의 향상이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 절대빈곤선 100%미만은 남한주민의 2배, 절대빈곤선 50%미만 가구의 비율은 남한 비교층의 8배에 달하고 있다. 새터민의 정착기간이 길어지면서 빈곤을 탈출하는 새터민의 수가 늘어가고 있는가 하면 절대빈곤선 이하에 있는 새터민 빈곤층의 빈곤은 심각한 것으로 나타났다. 새터민의 빈곤결정요인은 연령, 취업가구원수, 건강만족도 등으로 나타났다. 결론에서 새터민 정착지원정책에 대한 함의가 논의되었다.