• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.251-257
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• 2020

The genus Plectus Bastian, 1865 represents a group of free-living freshwater nematodes belonging to the family Plectidae Örley, 1880. However, only one species has been reported thus far from Korea. Plectus aquatilis Andrássy, 1985 and Plectus cirratus Bastian, 1865 are reported for the first time from Korea, from sediments collected from the Nakdong River. Plectus aquatilis is distinguished from other Plectus species by its three longitudinal alae in the lateral field, thin and directed cephalic setae, continuous lip region (head not set-off), and rectangular shaped tail. Plectus cirratus is distinguished from other Plectus species by its large body, two longitudinal alae in the lateral field, larger stoma, and longer tail. Morphological characters and measurements of the specimens generally agree with the original descriptions of Plectus species. Here, the morphological characters (detailed morphometrics) of two species in the genus Plectus are fully redescribed and illustrated using optical microscopy. DNA barcode sequence information from the 18S rDNA gene is also provided for molecular species identification and compared with sequences from other Plectus species available on GenBank.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.369-373
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• 2013

PURPOSE. The objective was to evaluate canine positions, intercanine tip width (ICTW) and width of distal surface of canine (WDC), related to facial landmarks including interalar width (IAW), intercommissural width (ICoW), and distance between left and right projection lines drawn from inner canthus of eyes to alae of the nose (DPICa) in a group of Thai. MATERIALS AND METHODS. One hundred Thai subjects aged 18-35 years were selected. IAW and ICoW were measured on subject's face using digital vernier caliper. Irreversible hydrocolloid impression of the upper arch was taken, and a cast was poured with dental stone. Silicone impression material was used to take imprint of the incisal edge of upper six anterior teeth. DPICa was obtained from the subject's face using custom-made measuring equipment and marked on the silicone incisal imprint. The marks were then transferred from the imprint to the stone cast and measured with digital caliper. The ICTW and WDC were also measured on the stone cast. Pearson's correlation was used to determine the correlation. RESULTS. The results revealed that the correlation between ICTW-ICoW was 0.429 and ICTW-DPICa was 0.573. The correlation between WDC-ICoW was 0.426 and WDC-DPICa was 0.547. However, IAW did not show any correlation with ICTW or WDC (P>.05). CONCLUSION. The correlation between canine position and facial landmarks was found. ICTW and WDC had relationship with ICoW and DPICa. DPICa showed stronger correlation with the position of maxillary canine than that of ICoW.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.75-81
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• 2021

An aquariid nematode, Desportesius invaginatus, was found in the proventriculus of an Egretta garzetta and a Bubulcus ibis from Chuncheon in the Republic of Korea. The worms were identified by light and scanning electron microscopy based on important taxonomic characteristics (body length, esophagus length, cordons, spicules, caudal alae of males, position of the vulva) and then phylogenetically analyzed using the 18S rRNA encoding gene. The nematodes were characterized by a body length of 7.0-8.0 mm in males and 10.2-13.1 mm in females, and two pairs of cordons recurrent in the anterior direction, and cordons were anastomosed by a longitudinal cuticular ridge that externally delimits a longitudinal canal. The widest cuticular plates of cordons bears over 20 posterior spines. The length of the spicules in males was also significantly different. The right spicule measured 742-821 (794) ㎛ in length and 40-45 (42) ㎛ in width, and the left spicule measured 493-556 (541) ㎛ in length and 11-13 (12) ㎛ in width. The caudal alae of males are inflated and vesicular in appearance. The vulva was situated at 56-71 (58.3) ㎛ from the posterior extremity. Although the 18S rRNA sequences of worms were similar to the Synhimantus species, some genetic divergences were observed in comparison. In this study, the worms were recognized with genus Desportesius because genus Desportesius was considered a subgenus of Synhimantus. This is the first record of D. invaginatus in the Republic of Korea.

• 동굴
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• 제85호
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• pp.21-24
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• 2008

The chlorophyta and thebryophyta are became extinct by the shutting out the light and low temperature in caves. Whenever they get the conditions, they grow again immediately. It is necessary to keep the illumination distance over 2m and use the indirect light. The effect of lamp light and temperature is very important in the control of green contamination but the water and moisture in caves are essential factors in green contamination in the show caves. It's better to get rid of green alae and mosses at early stage for the control of the increase of green contamination. They must be isolated completely without the dispersion with moist pieces of cloth or sponge. It is necessary to shut out the cave route periodically for the restoration of cave environments and ecosystem. It's better to use the lamp keeping illumination and restricting the ascension of heat for the control of green contamination.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제51권6호
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• pp.633-636
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• 2013

Angiostrongylus cantonensis is a parasitic nematode that needs to develop in different hosts in different larval stages. Freshwater snails, such as Pomacea canaliculata, are the intermediate host, and rats are the definitive host. Periodic shedding of the cuticle (moulting) is an important biological process for the survival and development of the parasite in the intermediate and definitive hosts. However, there are few studies on the cuticle alterations between different stages of this parasite. In this study, we observed the ultrastructural appearance and changes of the cuticle of the 2nd/3rd stage larvae (L2/L3) and the 3rd/4th stage larvae (L3/L4) using a scanning electron microscope. We also first divided L2/L3 into late L2 and early L3. The late L2 lacked alae, but possessed a pull-chain-like fissure. Irregular alignment of spherical particles on the cuticle were noted compared to the L3. Alae appeared in the early L3. The old cuticle turned into a thin filmlike structure which adhered to the new cuticle, and spherical particles were seen regularly arranged on the surface of this structure. Regular rectangular cavities were found on the surface of L3/L4. The caudal structure of L3/L4 was much larger than that of L3, but caudal inflation, such as seen in L4, was not observed. These results are the first to reveal the ultrastructural changes of the cuticle of A. cantonensis before and after moulting of L2/L3 and L3/L4.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제53권1호
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• pp.101-104
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• 2015

A nematode species belonging to the genus Cosmocephalus was collected from the stomach of 2 common gulls, Larus canus. The common gulls were found dead on the seaside of Gangneung City, the Republic of Korea. The worms were identified and classified by light (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) on the basis of important taxonomic characters. The nematodes were characterized by a body length 9.1-9.3 mm (males) and 15.5-15.9 mm (females) and cordons recurrent in anterior direction and anastomosing laterally at about the level of anterior quarter of the buccal cavity. The salient bicuspid deirids were located on the posterior to the cordons. Lateral alae were well-developed, extending from the level just posterior of deirids to the level about middle of the body. LM and SEM observations identified the worms as C. obvelatus. This is the first reported case of C. obvelatus infection in common gulls in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.350-355
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• 2005

There are various surgical methods for reconstruction of the nasal defect. Among them, there is some difference in the choosing the proper reconstruction method according to defect size and position. When the defect involved the tip, the columella, and the alar, the local flaps may be preferred, because they can provide sufficient amount of tissue. However, the composite grafts from the ear have been effectively used in reconstructions of smaller sized defects of the columella and ala. We excised total external nose because of squamous cell carcinoma on the nasal tip, columella, and nasal septum. We reconstructed the nasal tip, both alae, and columella with forehead flap. After division of the regional flap, we found partial necrosis of the columella and narrowness of the nostril. So, we used chondrocutaneous auricular composite grafts for reconstruction of the columella and both nostrils. We used the file-folder designed auricular composite graft for reconstruction of columella and the wedge shaped ear helical composite grafts for widening of nostrils. 6 months later, there were no significant problems, except some mismatched dark color in the grafted alar tissues. Here, we report a successful reconstruction of large nasal defect using combined two different reconstructive methods.

• 환경생물
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.507-514
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• 2021

A new free-living marine nematode species of the genus Pseudosteineria Wieser, 1956 affiliated with the family Xyalidae is described based on specimens collected from the sediment of a subtidal benthic environmental habitat in the East Sea, Korea. Pseudosteineria varisetis sp. nov differed from its congeners by the combination of the following characteristics: a relatively long body (1,628-1,691 ㎛ long in males), a circular amphideal fovea situated behind the subcephalic setae, the presence of lateral cuticular alae starting from behind the nerve ring, the presence of eight groups of long subcephalic setae, the presence of irregularly distributed variable lengths of somatic setae on the body, solid spicules (43.2-43.9 ㎛ long) with a cephalated proximal end, a long tubular shaped gubernaculum with dorsal swelling, and a conico-cylindrical tail with two to four terminal setae. In this report, we provide a taxonomic description and illustrations of a new species of the genus Pseudosteineria by differential interference contrast microscopy.

• 대한기관식도과학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.71-81
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• 1996

1992년 1월부터 1994년 12월까지 전남대학병원에서 경부 전산화단층촬영을 시행한 환자 중 경부에 종양, 염증성 질환 등 기질적인 질환 및 경부외상의 기왕력이 없는 45례의 경부 전산화단층촬영상에서 캘리퍼스 및 분도기를 이용하여 후두의 좌우 대칭성, 설골 및 성문의 위치, 후두의 길이 및 좌우 갑상 연골이 이루는 각도 등을 계측하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 대부분의 경우에서 후두구조는 어느 정도 비대칭성을 보였고 우측편위가 좌측편위보다 많았으며 성별 및 연령별에 따라 의의있는 차이는 없었다. 2. 설골의 높이는 제 2-3경추 부위에서 제 5-6경추 부위까지 위치하고 있었고 제 3-4경추 부위 가 가장 흔한 부위였다. 3. 성문의 높이는 제 4경추 부위에서 제 6-7경추간까지 위치하고 있었고 제 5경추 부위가 가장 흔한 부위였다. 4. 양측 갑상연골이 이루는 각도는 58도에서 100도까지 다양하였고 평균 81.5도였으며, 평균각도는 남성에서 77.24도, 여성에서 87.88도였다.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.25-29
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• 2012

During maxillofacial surgery, the infraorbital and mental nerves are blocked at eac foramen to induce local anesthesia. This study examined the relative locations of the infraorbital foramen (IOF) and mental foramen (MF) based on softtissue landmarks. Twenty-eight hemifacial cadavers were dissected to expose the IOF and MF. The distances between the bilateral IOFs, the bilateral MFs, the alae of the nose (alares), and the corners of the mouth (cheilions) were measured directly on cadavers by using a digital vernier caliper. The vertical and horizontal distances of the IOF and MF relative to the alare and cheilion were measured indirectly on digital photographs using Adobe Photoshop (Adobe, CA, USA). The distance between the bilateral IOFs ($58.09{\pm}4.04mm$) was longer than the distance between the bilateral MFs ($50.32{\pm}1.93mm$). The distances between the bilateral alares and cheilions were $41.22{\pm}3.44mm$ and $58.43{\pm}6.62mm$, respectively. The IOF was located $12.92{\pm}3.75mm$ superior and $7.88{\pm}2.56mm$ lateral to the alare, and the vertical angle (Angle 1) between these structures was $31.67{\pm}13.36^{\circ}$ superolaterally. The MF was located $21.83{\pm}3.26mm$ inferior and $5.56{\pm}3.37mm$ medial to the cheilion, and the vertical angle (Angle 2) between these structures was $14.05{\pm}10.12^{\circ}$ inferomedially. In conclusion, these results provide more detailed information about the locations of the IOF and MF relative to soft-tissue landmarks.