• Proceedings of the Korean Magnestics Society Conference
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• 2013.05a
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• pp.78-78
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• 2013

• Journal of Korea Foundry Society
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.163-178
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• 2001

The squeeze infiltration process is potentially of considerable industrial importance. The performance enhancements resulting from incorporation of short alumina fiber into aluminum are well documented. These are particularly significant for certain automobile components. Aluminum matrix composite automotive parts, such as diesel engine pistons or engine blocks are produced using squeeze casting apparatus or pressure die-casting apparatus. But the solidification process gets complicated with manufacturing parameters and the factors for porosity formation have not fully understood yet. In this study the formation of porosity during squeeze infiltration has been studied experimentally to achieve an improved understanding of the squeeze infiltration process for manufacture of short-fiber-reinforced components, particularly the mechanism of porosity formation. Al-based MMCs produced under a range of conditions were examined metallographically and the porosity characterised;a kind of matrix, an initial temperature of melt, and a volume fraction of reinforcement. The densimetry and the microscopic image analysis were done to measure the amount of porosity. A correlation between manufacturing parameters and defects was investigated through these.

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 2000.02a
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• pp.236-237
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• 2000

용액인상법에 의하여 Cr$^{3+}$ 이온이 0.1-0.2% 주입된 Alexandrite (Cr$^{3+}$ :BeAl$_2$O$_4$) 단결정을 성장하고, 성장한 단결정을 이용하여 레이저 소자를 제조하였다. 고품질의 단결정을 성장할 수 있는 결정성장조건을 규명하고, Cr$^{3+}$ 이온의 유효편석 계수를 계산하였으며, 결정 결함 및 분광 물성을 조사하였다. 결정성장 실험 결과, 유속 3 1/min의 질소분위기, 이리듐 도가니 및 <001>방위의 Alexandrite 단결정을 종자결정으로 사용하여 결정을 성장하는 경우 최적의 결정성장 조건은 인상속도 0.5-1.0 mm/hr와 회전속도 20-25 rpm이었다. 육성된 결정은 (100)면이 넓게 발달되었으며, (120)과 (010)면이 측면에 발달되는 판상의 직팔각기둥의 형태로 성장되었다. 결정결함으로써 parasite crystal의 형성과 경계면의 균열, striation, inclusion 등이 검출되었다. Alexandrite 단결정 내에 분포하는 Cr$^{3+}$ 이온의 유효편석계수 k$_{eff}$는 2.8로 계산되었다. 분광물성으로써 실온에서의 $^4$A$_2$$\longrightarrow$$^4$T$_2$(689.6-489.3 nm), $^4$A$_2$$\longrightarrow$$^4$T$_1$(489.3-311.33m) 천이에 의한 흡수를 확인하고, $^4$T$_2$$\longrightarrow$$^4$A$_2$(650-800 nm), $^2$E$\longrightarrow$$^4$A$_2$에 의한 nophonon line R$_1$, R$_2$(680.4, 678.5 nm) 및 $^2$T$_1$$\longrightarrow$$^4$A$_2$(655.7, 649.3, 645.2 nm)의 형광방출 스펙트럼을 얻었으며, 형광수명은 0.264 ms로 조사되었다. 제조된 레이저 발진봉은 직경 6.3 m, 길이 45 nm이었다.

• Korean Journal of Metals and Materials
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• v.50 no.6
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• pp.455-462
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• 2012

Al-Si coated boron steel and Zn coated DP steel plates were laser-welded to manufacture a Tailor Welded Blank (TWB) for a car body frame. Hot-stamping heat treatment ($900^{\circ}C$, 5 min) was applied to the TWB weld, and the microstructural change and transformation mechanism were investigated in the Al-rich area near the bond line of the Al-Si coated steel side. There was Al-rich area with a single phase, $Fe_3(Al,Si)$, which was transformed to ${\alpha}-Fe$ (Ferrite) after the heat treatment. It could be explained that the $Fe_3(Al,Si)$ phase was transformed to ${\alpha}-Fe$ during heat treatment at $900^{\circ}C$ for 5 min and the resultant ${\alpha}-Fe$ phase was not transformed by rapid cooling. Before the heat treatment, the microstructures around the $Fe_3(Al,Si)$ phase consisted of martensite, bainite and ${\alpha}-Fe$ while they were transformed to martensite and ${\delta}-Fe$ after the heat treatment. Due to the heat treatment, Al was diffused to the $Fe_3(Al,Si)$ and this resulted in an increase of Al content to 0.7 wt% around the Al-rich area. If the weld was held at $900^{\circ}C$ for 5 min it was transformed to a mixture of austenite (${\gamma}$) and ${\delta}-Fe$, and only ${\gamma}$ was transformed to the martensite by water cooling while the ${\delta}-Fe$ was remained unchanged.

• Journal of Korea Foundry Society
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.392-398
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• 1990

To improve free-cutting property, fine Pb, Bi particles is necessary to be distributed evenly in Al-Cu alloy. The control of added element size and distribution are very difficult because of the physical properties of Pb, Bi. The effect of master alloy compositions on microstructure and particle distribution was investigated. The ribbon shape of Pb-50wt% Bi master alloy showed the best results. And Ti addition improved even distribution of Pb, Bi particles. Particles grown from $L_2$ phase were considered to be the Pb, Bi compound.

• Laser Solutions
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.1-10
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• 2013

In this study, Al-Si coated boron steel(1.2 mm) were laser welded by $CO_2$ laser and hot-stamping was applied to the laser joints. Tensile properties and microstructures of the joints were investigated before and after hot-stamping. Tensile and yield strengths of the as welded specimen similar with base metal and fracture occurred base metal of boron steel. Although, in case of heat treated specimen, fracture occurred fusion zone that Al segregated zone near the bond line. These could be explained by the existence of ferrite, in the Al segregated zone near the bond line and base metal of boron steel. Before hot-stamping, hardness of base metal is lower than fusion zone and heat affected zone in spite of exist Al segregation zone($Fe_3$(Al,Si)). So fracture occurred base metal. Although, after hot-stamping, microstructure of base metal and welds zone transformed to martensite and bainite except in Al segregation zone near the bond line that $Fe_3$(Al,Si) transformed to a-ferrite. So fracture occurred Al segregation zone near the bond line.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.203-211
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• 1992

Fracture behavior and martensite substructure of Ni-36.5at.%Al alloy were investigated with the addition of vanadium which is known as scavenging element of grain boundary. The fracture surfaces were examined by scanning electron microscopy and the EDX spectrometer was applied for composition analysis of fracture surfaces. The substructure of martensite was studied by transmission electron microscopy. By addition of vanadium, fracture surfaces show mixed modes of intergranular and transgranular fracture and more Al content is found on the grain boundaries. For Ni-36.5at.%Al alloy, the planar faults observed in the martensite plates are the internal twins. By increasing the vanadium content, the modulated structure with stacking faults and dislocations dominates while the twinned martensite disappears. The stacking fault is determined to be extrinsic due to the substitution of V for Al. It is concluded that the segregation of sulfur on the high-energy state stacking fault area suppresses the intergranular fracture.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.525-540
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• 1997

The effect of mold rotation on the transport process and resultant macrosegregation pattern during solidification of an Al-Cu alloy contained in a vertical axisymmetric annular mold cooled from the inner wall is numerically investigated. The mold initially at rest starts to rotate at a prescribed angular velocity simultaneously with the beginning of cooling. Computed results for a representative case show that the mold rotation essentially suppresses the development of both thermal and solutal convections in the melt, creating distinct characteristics such as the liquidus front, flow pattern and temperature distribution from those for the stationary mold. Thermal convection which develops at the early stages of cooling is soon extinguished by the rotating flow induced during spin-up, and thus does not effectively remove the initial superheat from the melt. On the other hand, solutal convection, though it weakens considerably and is confined within the mushy zone, still predominates over the solute redistribution process. With increasing the angular velocity, the solute transport in the axial direction is enhanced, whereas that in the radial direction is reduced. The final macrosegregation formed in the mold rotating at moderate angular velocities appears to be favorable in comparison with the stationary casting, in that not only relatively homogenized composition is achieved, but also a severely positive-segregated channel is restrained.

• Journal of Korea Foundry Society
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.316-323
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• 1990

To improve free-cutting property, fine Pb, Bi particles is necessary to be distributed evenly in Al-Cu alloy. The control of added element size and distribution are very difficult because of the insolubility and gravity segregation of Pb, Bi in the matrix. Therefore, in this study, mechanical stirring of the melt, inert gasbubbling, the addition of degasser are used for the fine distribution of Pb, Bi particles. The best distribution are obtained by stirring with 500 rpm for 10min., Ar gas bubbling with 600cc/min for 5min. and degassing with 0.8wt% degasser. As increasing cooling rate, fine grain size and finely dispersed particles were observed. The optimum pouring temperature was $650^{\circ}C$.

• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.55.2-55.2
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• 2011

최근 자동차용 강판을 대체하기 위한 재료로서 알루미늄 합금에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 알루미늄 합금은 철강 재료에 비해 비강도가 높으며 재활용이 용이하고 내식성이 뛰어난 활용 가치가 높은 소재이다. 하지만 기존의 강판을 알루미늄 합금으로 대체하기 위해서는 높은 경제성, 강도 및 성형성이 요구되고 있는 현실이다. 따라서 고강도 알루미늄 합금 판재를 경제적으로 제조하기 위한 제조 공정기술 및 후가공 기술의 개발이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 기존의 쌍롤 박판주조법에 비대칭 노즐을 이용하여 높은 주조 속도를 유지하면서도 중심 편석 및 열간 균열을 완화시켜 첨가되는 용질 원소의 양을 증가시켰다. 제조한 다양한 조성을 가진 알루미늄 합금 판재의 후속 압연성, 기계적 특성 및 성형성을 평가하기 위하여 미세조직 및 집합조직을 분석하였으며 이에 따른 실용화 가능성을 평가하였다.