• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.129-140
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• 2000

Simulation study has been carried out to analyze the air flow supplying from the heat pump system inside the tollgate booth by using the Phoenix computer simulation program. Through this simulation analysis we can find the problem of present tollgate booth in terms of air flow and recommend an improved model also simulate this model. Final results as follows; It was turned out that the fresh air conditioning is not provided to the worker effectively due to the improper location of inlet and outlet in the present tollgate booth in addition to that the air curtain system applied in the booth lowered air circulation from outside. The improved model was suggested first to increase the air curtain effect by downsizing the window and by installation of the air curtain suction line to reduce the induced outdoor air second to supply the fresh air to the worker directly by relocation of the inlet and outlet of supplying air. With these improved modifications better results have been reached in terms of air flow inside the booth. Next through the air flow simulation of outside booth the contaminated outdoor air has been easuily infiltrating into the booth through the window because of its rectangle shape. Stream like shape of booth has been proposed through the computer simulation as an alternative shape of tollgate booth for a new design.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.439-446
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• 2013

In this research, the present standard analytical methods for the monitoring of air pollution levels established by the Korean Ministry of Environment (KMOE) were examined in reference to the recent outputs of several research projects conducted for their amendments. The evaluation of the two criterion methods between the main (the present guideline) and reference methods (the proposed alternate guideline) was made in terms of authenticity and reliability of the quality assurance (QA) and of compatibility of methods. The results of this comparative evaluation are presented for the analysis of both ambient air and source samples. Based on this analysis, we propose a new direction for the future amendment.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.813-826
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• 1999

To understand the present status of air pollutant emission data for the greater Seoul area, existing air pollutant emission data were analyzed and compared. For the criteria pollutants, estimation methods of emissions from point, line, and area sources adopted in the previous studies were analyzed and their results were compared. Two sets of VOC emission estimation were also compared and analyzed. There exists a large discrepancy among previous emission data due to the differences in the scope of emission sources and the estimation method including emission factors employed in each estimation. Applications of previous air pollutant emission studies for air quality modeling and related problems were discussed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.19-26
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• 2001

The wear characteristic of Zircaloy-4 tube, which is used for a cladding of light water reactor fuel rod, is investigated experimentally. The experiment is conducted with contacting the crossed tube specimens in air as well as in water at room temperature with various combination of contact normal force and sliding distance of reciprocating motion. The contour and the volume of each wear are examined to study the effect of contact condition and environment on wear. As a result, it is found that the wear volume in the water environment is larger than that in the air for all the contact (i.e., force and sliding distance) conditions. However, the wear depth is greater in air than in water if the contact normal force and the sliding distance are larger. These are explained by the ease of detachment of wear particles from the contact surface. On the other hand, workrate model is applied with the contact shear force range measured by our wear tester. Investigated is the correlation between the workrate and the wear volume increase rate of the present experiment. The parabolic curve is found to fit well for the present wear data.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.97-102
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• 2002

Resident's agreeableness anger elevation request by improvement of life environment with economy development is increasing recently. However, research about air current estimation in dwelling environment that make use of air conditioner summer and cooling room is lacking going yet much. We are going to prefer most air current pattern(speed 3 steps of swing) that offer in PAC after figure processing because user's life hysteresis and present air current pattern that is supposed and offer more agreeable environment to room resident.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.371-383
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• 1999

This paper discusses the importance of indoor air quality based on literaure review of domestic and foreign studies. A number of international efforts to propose standards and guidelines for indoor environmental quality are also reviewed. The pattern of major studies on indoor air quality focussed on characterizaton of gaseous pollutants, particulates, and other specific pollutants during the past decades, whereas VOCs, specific carcinogen, and microbiological agents might be good target pollutants to investigate the effects of human health in recent years. Management of indoor air quality requires a different approach than that adopted for outdoor air. Adequate ventilation of the indoor environment is essential, and a balance between energy conservation and the need for good air quality is required. The ways for managing indoor air quality that will be of great importance are discussed a role of control policy for guidance on how to achieve good indoor air quality.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.291-296
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• 2006

The purpose of this study were to make clear the present condition of indoor thermal and air environment by air-conditioning in school classrooms and to analyze the relation of the living conditions with indoor environment. The measurements on physical elements and observations on living conditions were carried out in 6 classrooms of 3 middle or high schools. Measuring elements were indoor temperature, relative humidity, $PM_{10}$ and $CO_2$ concentration. As results, the averages of indoor temperature each classrooms were 24.9${\sim}$26.6 . Most of classrooms were lower than the Maintenance standard(26${\sim}$28 ) of School Health Law. The means of relative humidity were 51.3${\sim}$72%, all classrooms were ranged within the standard(30${\sim}$80%). The means of $PM_{10}$ concentration were 3.5${\sim}$23.1 ${\mu}g/m^3$, all classrooms were kept within the standard(100 ${\mu}g/m^3$). The means of $CO_2$ concentration were 1218.7${\sim}$4705.4 ppm, all classrooms were exceed the standard(1,000ppm). The results of analysis on relations of living conditions with the physical elements are as follow; the air conditioner set of temperature, windows and doors opening elapsed time, the number of students in classrooms and activities of students had certain effect on indoor environment.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.1-18
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• 2004

Research has been carried out to study thermal environment in a classroom under three kinds of air diffusion temperature and six kinds of air diffusion direction for ceiling type air conditioner. The velocity and temperature distributions of air in the room calculated by 3-dimensional numerical method(PHOENICS), This present study was also conducted to calculate the Air Diffusion Performance Index(ADPI) for cooling conditions and Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied(PPD) for heating conditions. This analysis shows that the optimum angle of ceiling type air conditioner's diffusion is $15{\sim}30^{\circ}$ for cooling mode and about $15{\sim}45^{\circ}$ for heating mode in these calculating conditions. And also analysis has been carried out to evaluate thermal comfort of vertical and horizontal cross section of classroom.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.311-321
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• 2007

Nowadays, concerns have much more growing regarding indoor air quality (IAQ) on the public transportation including railway vehicles. Last year Korea Ministry of Environment (ME) set new guideline for public transportation. In this study several factors were analyzed which may affect comfortableness of railway passenger cabin, and we monitored IAQ parameters (PM10, CO, $CO_2$, VOCs, temperature and humidity) to investigate the present pollution in passenger cabin. In general, the railway air quality was satisfactory. The PM10 and $CO_2$ level on all passenger cabin were below the new guideline level 1 for PM10 $(200{\mu}g/m^3)\;and\;CO_2(2,000ppm)$. Clustering method was carried out to classify the air polluting pattern of the cabin. As a result, the pollutants could be classified to 4 clusters and the origin of pollution is soil, diesel exhaust gas, abrasion of rail and plume.

• Advances in environmental research
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.139-146
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to determine the present air pollutant concentrations and predicted levels for next 30 years in urban environment of Karachi city. For that, a total of fifty measurements were made for each twenty selected locations of the city. The locations were selected on the basis of land use pattern such as residential, commercial, industrial settlements, open areas, congested traffic and low traffic areas for investigation of air pollutants variability and intensity. The measurements were taken continuously for six months period using PM Meter, Model AEROCET 531 and Ambient Air Quality Meter, Model AAQ 7545. The concentration of air pollutants were found higher at Al Asif Square and Maripur Road due to higher intensity of traffic and at Korangi Crossing because of industrial areas. The level of pollutants was lower at Sea View owing to lower traffic congestion and transportation of pollutants by sea breezes.