• 한국농공학회지
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.8-14
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• 2001

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.24-33
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• 2001

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.22-32
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• 2012

This study suggests a method to grade groundwater quality quantitatively using statistical approaches for evaluating the quality of groundwater in wells included in the Groundwater Quality Monitoring Network (GQMN). The proposed analysis method is applied to GQMN data from 2001 to 2008 for nitrate nitrogen, chloride, trichloroethylene, potential of hydrogen (pH), and electrical conductivity. The analysis results are obtained as groundwater quality grades of the groundwater representing each of the monitoring stations. The degree of groundwater contamination is analysed for water quality parameters, district, and usage. The results show that the degree of groundwater contamination is relatively high by nitrate nitrogen, bacteria and electrical conductivity and at Seoul, Incheon, Gwangju, Gyeonggido and Jeollado. The degree of contamination by nitrate nitrogen and trichloroethylene is especially high when the groundwater is used for agricultural and industrial water, respectively. It is evaluated that potable groudnwater in GQMN is significantly vulnerable to nitrate nitrogen and bacteria contamination.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.481-490
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• 2005

Nitrate contamination in water system is a critical environmental problem caused by excessive application of chemical fertilizer and concentration of livestock. In order to prevent further contamination, therefore, it is necessary to understand the origin of nitrate in nitrogen loading sources and manage the very source of contamination. The objective of this study was to examine the nitrate contamination sources in different agricultural system by using nitrogen isotope ratios. Groundwater and runoff water samples were collected on a monthly basis from February 2003 to November 2003 and analyzed for nitrogen isotopes. The nitrate concentrations of groundwater in livestock fanning area were higher than those in conventional and organic fanning area and exceeded the national drinking water standard of 10mg N/ l. The ${\delta}^{15}N$ranges of chemical fertilizer and animal manure were - 3.7${\sim}$+2.3$\textperthousand$ and +12.5${\sim}$26.7$\textperthousand$, respectively. The higher ${\delta}^{15}N$ of animal manure than those of chemical fertilizer reflected isotope fractionation and volatilization of '''N. The different agricultural systems and corresponding average nitrate concentrations and ${\delta}^{15}N$ values were: conventional farming, 5.47mg/e, 8.3$\textperthousand$; organic fanning, 5.88mg/e, 10.1$\textperthousand$; crop-livestock farming, 12.5mg/e, 17.7%0. These data indicated that whether conventional or organic agriculture effected groundwater and runoff water quality. In conclusions, relationship between nitrate concentrations and ${\delta}^{15}N$ value could be used to make a distinction between nitrate derived from chemical fertilizer and from animal manure. Additional investigation is required to monitor long-term impact on water quality in accordance with agricultural systems.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.28-36
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• 2012

This study carried out several kinds of investigations such as geology, hydrogeology, groundwater level and quality, surface-water quality, and the quantity and quality of groundwater discharge from the subway to identify the causes of groundwater contamination around the subway tunnel at Suyeong District in Busan City. Geostatistical analyses were also conducted to understand the characteristics of groundwater level and quality distributions. There are Kwanganri Beach and Suyeong River in the study area, which are basically influenced by seawater. The total quantities of groundwater utilization and groundwater discharge from the subway tunnel in Suyeong District are 2,282,000 $m^3$/year, which is 2.4 times larger than the sustainable development yield of groundwater. The lowest groundwater level around the subway tunnel is about 32 m below the mean sea-level. The large drawdown of groundwater led to the inflow of seawater and salinized river water toward the subway tunnel, and therefore the quality of groundwater didn't satisfy the criteria of potable, domestic, agricultural and industrial uses. Distribution maps of groundwater level and qualities produced by kriging were very useful for determining the causes of groundwater contamination in the study area. The distribution maps of electrical conductivity, chloride and sulfate showed the extent of seawater intrusion and the forceful infiltration of the salinized Suyeong River. This study revealed that seawater and salinized river water infiltrated into the inland groundwater and contaminated the groundwater around the subway tunnel, because the groundwater level was seriously drawdowned by groundwater discharge from the subway tunnel. The countermeasure for the minimization of groundwater discharge from the subway tunnel is necessary to prevent the groundwater obstacles such as groundwater depletion, groundwater-quality deterioration, and land subsidence.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제28권spc호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2023

Sustainability is commonly recognized as one of the new paradigms or norms that will reign the new era after the modern age of revolutionary economic development. This global trend calls for the adoption of the sustainability concept to soil and groundwater management. In fact, there are several such ongoing movements in practicing soil and groundwater management. Through literature review, this paper discusses the concept, practices, and future research needs of sustainable soil and groundwater management. We first discuss the definition of sustainable soil and groundwater management and possible methodologies to gauge or improve the sustainability of soil and groundwater management. Then, we introduce the research topics, exemplary practices, and propose solutions to elaborate sustainability in three representative subfields including soil and groundwater remediation, groundwater management, and soil management. We conclude with suggestions on the future research directions for successful adoption of sustainability concept to soil and groundwater management in the Republic of Korea.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.31-38
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• 2010

Various fundamental and practical theories and technologies are needed for the development of Best Management Practices (BMPs) to manage the problems. The objectives of this paper was to investigate the effect of fertilizer and Non-point suource (NPS) pollution discharges from the field. The effect of fertilizer application was measured with respect to 10 % and 20 % slopes, respectively, using artificial rainfall simulator. The effect of fertilizer application on runoff was not significant because the effect of slope and rainfall intensity were overwhelmed. Runoff from 20 % plots was 21 % larger than that from 10 % plots. While groundwater discharge from 10 % plots was about 70 % larger than that from 20 % plots. It was concluded that runoff and groundwater discharge were largely affected by slope. T-N concentration in groundwater was much higher than that in runoff for both 10 % and 20 % plots. While T-P concentration in groundwater was lower than that in runoff. It explained that T-N moved well through soil pores without adsorption and other chemical reactions but T-P was well adsorbed on the surface of soil particles.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제63권6호
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• pp.131-140
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• 2021

It is becoming more important to utilize reclaimed lands in South Korea, due to the increasing competition for its usage among different sectors. However, the high groundwater level and poor permeability are exposing them to deterioration by salinization. Salinization is difficult to predict because the pattern changes according to various characteristics of soil and groundwater. In this study, the capillary rising time was studied by the water content profile in the soil. The prediction equation of soil salinity was developed based on simulation result of the CHEMFLO model. to enable prediction considering various soil water content and groundwater level. The two terms constituting the equation showed the coefficients of determination of 0.9816 and 0.9824, respectively. Using the prediction equation of the study, the surface salinity can be easily predicted from the initial surface salinity and the salinity of the groundwater. In the future, more precise predictions will be possible with the results of studies on the hydraulic characteristics of various reclaimed soils, changes in water content profile by seasonal and climate events.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.109-116
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• 2002

연구대상 시설재배지 토양의 물리성은 대부분이 모래의 비율이 높은 sandy loam이나 loam으로 투수성이 양호할 것으로 판단되나, P2나 S1에서는 미사의 비율이 높은 미사 loam으로 투수성 및 통기성이 상대적으로 낮은 것으로 판단된다. 토양의 화학성은 EC의 경우 표토의 대부분이 기준치에 도달하거나, 초과하는 경향이었고, 심토의 경우는 기준치 이하로 조사되었다. 또한 유기물 함량은 적정수준 2$\sim$3%보다 조사 대상 지점의 대부분에서 상회하였고, 심토의 일부분도 이 수준을 넘는 곳도 있었다. 조사 대상 지역의 수질 특성 중 시설재배시 지하수의 가장 중요한 염류 지표인 EC는 연평균 0.48 dS/m로 농업용수로서 작물에 미치는 영향은 없는 것으로 판단되나, 수질오염지표인 질산성 질소의 경우 19.1 mg/L로 농업용순 수질 기준인 20 mg/L에 근접한 수준을 나타내었다. 특히 조사 대상 지점의 36.4%가 수질 기준을 초과하는 것으로 나타났다. 지하수중의 이온의 양과 영양염류의 양을 간접적으로 나타내는 전기전도도인 EC는 양이온인 경우 $Mg^{2+}$, $Ca^{2+}$, $Na^+$, $K^+$와 정의상관이 있었으며, 특히 2가 양이온인 $Mg^{2+}$와 $Ca^{2+}$간에는 고도의 정의상관을 보이고 있었다. 또한 EC와 음이온간에는 $NO_3^-$, $Cl^-$, $SO_4^{2-}$, $PO_4^{2-}$와 상관을 보이고 있었다. 지하수 오염지표인 $NO_3-N$의 경우에는 COD를 제외한 모든 이온들과 상관을 보이고 있었다. 특히 $SO_4^{2-}$, $Cl^-$, $Na^+$, $Ca^{2+}$, $Mg^{2+}$와는 고도의 정의 상관을 보여주고 있다. 이는 $NO_3-N$는 EC와 함께 지하수오염 중요한 지표중의 하나임을 보여주고 있다.

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농공학회 1998년도 학술발표회 발표논문집
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• pp.22-27
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• 1998

A grid-based soil moisture routing model(GRISMORM) was developed to assess the information of groundwater recharge using spatial data such as Landsat TM and digital elevation model etc.. The model predicts the hydrologic components, that is, surface runoff, subsurface runoff, baseflow and evapotranspiration at each grid elements by grid-based water balance computation.