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Groundwater and Soil Environment of Plastic Film House Fields around Central Part of Korea

우리나라 중부지방의 시설원예 토양 및 지하수 환경

  • Kim, Jin-Ho (Lab. Of Environmental Pollution, Department of Environment & Ecology, National Institute of Agricultural Science & Technology, RDA) ;
  • Lee, Jong-Sik (Lab. Of Environmental Pollution, Department of Environment & Ecology, National Institute of Agricultural Science & Technology, RDA) ;
  • Kim, Won-Il (Lab. Of Environmental Pollution, Department of Environment & Ecology, National Institute of Agricultural Science & Technology, RDA) ;
  • Jung, Goo-Bok (Lab. Of Environmental Pollution, Department of Environment & Ecology, National Institute of Agricultural Science & Technology, RDA) ;
  • Yun, Sun-Gang (Lab. Of Environmental Pollution, Department of Environment & Ecology, National Institute of Agricultural Science & Technology, RDA) ;
  • Jung, Yeun-Tae (Lab. Of Environmental Pollution, Department of Environment & Ecology, National Institute of Agricultural Science & Technology, RDA) ;
  • Kwun, Soon-Kuk (Department of Agricultural Engineering, Seoul National University)
  • 김진호 (농업과학기술원 환경생태과) ;
  • 이종식 (농업과학기술원 환경생태과) ;
  • 김원일 (농업과학기술원 환경생태과) ;
  • 정구복 (농업과학기술원 환경생태과) ;
  • 윤순강 (농업과학기술원 환경생태과) ;
  • 정연태 (농업과학기술원 환경생태과) ;
  • 권순국 (서울대학교 농공학과)
  • Published : 2002.06.30

Abstract

The objective of this study was to know the qualities of soil and shallow groundwater in plastic film house fields around Central Part of Korea. The study was conducted at 11 sites in Suweon, Hwasung, Pyungtaek, Yongin and Chuncheon through May to August in 1999. Soil textures of plastic films house were mainly sandy loam or loam. Electric conductivity and organic matter content of surface soils mostly exceeded the critical levels for crop production. Average concentration of $NO_3-N$ in the sha]low groundwater was 19.1 mg/L, and it reached almost the limiting level of agricultural groundwater quality (20 mg/L). Moreover about 36% of survey sites exceeded the limiting level of agricultural groundwater quality. Sulfate concentrations also at some sites exceeded agricultural groundwater quality limit level (50 mg/L). Nitrate-N, one of the most important factors in the groundwater quality, had positive correlations with other ions in foundwater.

연구대상 시설재배지 토양의 물리성은 대부분이 모래의 비율이 높은 sandy loam이나 loam으로 투수성이 양호할 것으로 판단되나, P2나 S1에서는 미사의 비율이 높은 미사 loam으로 투수성 및 통기성이 상대적으로 낮은 것으로 판단된다. 토양의 화학성은 EC의 경우 표토의 대부분이 기준치에 도달하거나, 초과하는 경향이었고, 심토의 경우는 기준치 이하로 조사되었다. 또한 유기물 함량은 적정수준 2$\sim$3%보다 조사 대상 지점의 대부분에서 상회하였고, 심토의 일부분도 이 수준을 넘는 곳도 있었다. 조사 대상 지역의 수질 특성 중 시설재배시 지하수의 가장 중요한 염류 지표인 EC는 연평균 0.48 dS/m로 농업용수로서 작물에 미치는 영향은 없는 것으로 판단되나, 수질오염지표인 질산성 질소의 경우 19.1 mg/L로 농업용순 수질 기준인 20 mg/L에 근접한 수준을 나타내었다. 특히 조사 대상 지점의 36.4%가 수질 기준을 초과하는 것으로 나타났다. 지하수중의 이온의 양과 영양염류의 양을 간접적으로 나타내는 전기전도도인 EC는 양이온인 경우 $Mg^{2+}$, $Ca^{2+}$, $Na^+$, $K^+$와 정의상관이 있었으며, 특히 2가 양이온인 $Mg^{2+}$$Ca^{2+}$간에는 고도의 정의상관을 보이고 있었다. 또한 EC와 음이온간에는 $NO_3^-$, $Cl^-$, $SO_4^{2-}$, $PO_4^{2-}$와 상관을 보이고 있었다. 지하수 오염지표인 $NO_3-N$의 경우에는 COD를 제외한 모든 이온들과 상관을 보이고 있었다. 특히 $SO_4^{2-}$, $Cl^-$, $Na^+$, $Ca^{2+}$, $Mg^{2+}$와는 고도의 정의 상관을 보여주고 있다. 이는 $NO_3-N$는 EC와 함께 지하수오염 중요한 지표중의 하나임을 보여주고 있다.

Keywords

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