• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.287-298
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• 2022

Indonesia is an agrarian country with the significant development of Shariah banking. This study aimed to estimate the effect of Third Party Funds (TPF), Non-Performing Financing (NPF), Exchange Rates (ER), and Bank Indonesia Shariah Certificates (SBIS) on the Sharia Agriculture Sector Financing in Indonesia during 2014-2020. This study used the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) technique to analyze the data. The coefficient of determination test showed that 99.19% of Sharia financing in the agricultural sector was influenced by TPF, NPF, Exchange Rate, and SBIS variables. The estimation results showed that the variables of TPF and ER significantly affected Sharia Financing for Agricultural Sector (PP). Meanwhile, the NPF and SBIS variables had no significant effect on PP. This research showed the resilience and accuracy of Islamic banking in selecting financing and can support the development of other Islamic financial instruments such as SBIS. Simultaneous test results demonstrated the existence of the estimating model. Because of the character of the Indonesian nation as an agricultural country, this study advised Sharia banking to prioritize the usage of third-party funds from the public for the agricultural industry. Sharia banking also needed to produce Islamic finance products that fit the agriculture business sector's needs.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.323-333
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• 2019

In Korea, origin labeling is one of the main issues in the food service sector. Many restaurants presented the incorrect or no origin of the food material, and Korean consumers have kept complaining about it. Even though the origin labeling program was welcomed by consumers, the food service sector has claimed that there is an increasing cost due to the origin labeling program. It is an important issue to determine whether the origin labeling program is good for the social welfare; however, the specific effects of the origin labeling program have rarely been measured. The purpose of this study was to measure the effect of origin labeling of beef in the Korean food service sector. Through survey and model analyses, a few findings are presented. First, Korean consumers showed a positive willingness-to-pay for the origin labeling of beef. Especially, consumers without information on the origin of the beef showed a larger willingness-to-pay for the origin labeling. Second, the origin labeling of beef changed the price and quantity of beef, and this change became larger when the consumers had no information on the origin of the beef. The change in the marketing margin due to the origin labeling program also affected the changes in the price and quantity of the beef. Third, the origin labeling of beef increased the social welfare, which is the sum of the consumer surplus and producer surplus. And this increase of the social welfare became larger when the consumers had no information about the origin.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.613-619
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• 2017

In Korea, the government introduced the $6^{th}$ industrialization policy for the agricultural sector in 2013, to increase farmers' incomes and the value-added of agricultural products. Although some research has been done on the $6^{th}$ industrialization of agriculture, the relationship between the level of consumers' awareness and the $6^{th}$ industrialization of agriculture has not yet been discussed. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the effect of consumers' awareness levels on the development of the $6^{th}$ industrialization of agriculture. The results of a survey and seemingly unrelated bivariate probit model present the following findings: an increased consumers' awareness of the $6^{th}$ industrialization of agriculture positively affects the agricultural sector. More particularly, it was found that consumers who agree that the $6^{th}$ industrialization increases farmers' income and creates value-added agricultural products will also have an optimistic prospect for a successful $6^{th}$ industrialization. In addition, consumers who like to experience agro-tourism type activities give higher scores to the infrastructure level of the $6^{th}$ industrialization. Consumers who think that production section should take lead the $6^{th}$ industrialization of the agricultural sector will also have an optimistic prospect for a successful $6^{th}$ industrialization. However, consumers who think that farmers or farmers' organizations, should take lead the $6^{th}$ industrialization have a more pessimistic prospect for a successful $6^{th}$ industrialization. Consumers who got information on the $6^{th}$ industrialization from the internet think that the infrastructure of the $6^{th}$ industrialization is not good enough.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.7
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• pp.197-203
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• 2022

The agricultural sector has an important contribution to the economic development of Vietnam in particular and other countries in general. The growth of enterprises in the industry is an important bridge in promoting the economic development of the country. Currently, the policies of the Government of Vietnam always create favorable conditions for enterprises to conduct business, especially enterprises in the agricultural sector. The study aims to assess factors influencing the profitability of listed firms in Vietnam's stock market. Using 40 enterprises in the agricultural industry listed on the Ho Chi Minh City Stock Exchange and the Hanoi Stock Exchange and using advanced econometric modeling, dealing with defects in the regression model, the research results show that large-scale firm has higher economic efficiency than small-scale firm. In addition, a firm with higher use of loan capital is associated with a more efficient firm, reflected in the relatively good debt management ability of enterprises in the agricultural sector. Adversely, growth and age do not have any impact on firm performance. Macroeconomic factors do not impact profitability. Finally, the study has some policy implications for developing agricultural businesses in the case of Vietnam.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.111-126
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• 2017

This study analyzes the impacts of agricultural water shortages in Korea using a combined top-down and bottom-up model. A multi-region multi-output agricultural sector model with detailed descriptions of production technologies and water and land resource constraints has been combined with a standard CGE model. The impacts of four different water shortage scenarios were simulated. It is shown that an active adaptation of crop choices occurs in even the regions with relatively abundant water resources in order to respond to the change in relative output prices caused by water shortages. We found that although the losses in production values are not quite large despite water shortages due to the price feedbacks, the loss in GDP is substantial. We show that our combined approach has advantages in deriving region and product specific production effects as well as the overall GDP loss effect of water shortages.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.39-45
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• 2016

This study analyses the macroeconomic effects of the direct payment system (DPS) for environment-friendly agriculture in Korea. We utilized the applied general equilibrium model (AGE model) for the general agricultural sector as well as the environmentally-friendly agricultural sector. We considered several scenarios based on various direct payment amounts to measure and analyze economic impacts. Scenario 1 considers the current direct payment system. Scenario 2 examines an additional 5% increase from the direct payment amount in scenario 1. Scenario 3 reviews an increase of 10% in direct payment amount while Scenario 4 considers an additional increase of 15% compared with Scenario 1. Lastly, scenario 5 examines a 20% increase in direct payment amounts compared with scenario 1. In addition, the baseline considers conditions prior to the introduction of the direct payment system. The simulation analysis results show that capital formation, production volume, and labor productivity increased in the environment-friendly agricultural sector. In contrast, employment in the environment-friendly agricultural sector decreased. The price of environment-friendly agricultural products following the introduction of the DPS remain consistent with the price of environment-friendly agricultural product before introducing the DPS. This results from price elasticity of supply and demand are inelastic, and there is no change in the income of consumers during the analysis period. However, additional research is necessary for improvement of the model using complementary statistical data for the environmental-friendly agriculture sector.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.653-682
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• 2007

In this study, multi-sectoral partial equilibrium and computable general equilibrium models of Taiwan are used to investigate the direct and indirect effects of energy price increases on overall economies and agro-food sector in Taiwan. The results suggest that agricultural prices, production cost would increase between 0.27% to 1.88%, and a reduction in GDP around 0.39% to 0.54 %. The negative impact on livestock sector is slightly higher than that on the crop sector. Negative impacts are also observed in the employment and wages. The rising oil price has the potential to discourage production of energy-intensive activity because of the possibility of substitution and adaptations. The growth rate of real GDP will shrink by 0.64% to 1.06% and CPI will increase by 1.17% to 1,95%. Both the agriculture and non-agricultural sector also respond by raising output prices by 0.80% to 1.33%. The rising international oil price has urged the government to take policy actions like using alternative fuels such as biodiesel, bioethanol, and adopting measures to cut down on energy consumptions mainly in transportation sectors in response to public concern over economic shocks.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.93-104
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• 2022

Agriculture is one of the most vulnerable sector to droughts, and drought damage on the agriculture sector could have effects on other sector. Droughts have different characteristics compared to other extreme events, which means more sophisticated methods considering the characteristics of droughts are required when measuring their damage. The purpose of this study is to analyze the damage of droughts based on limited computational general equilibrium model. To be specific, we constructed a CGE model focusing on the agriculture sector in Korea. Also, to limit changes in land use and labor, we limited them, and assume droughts only have effects on productivity of value-added. Lastly, we simulate drought effects on rice production in Korea based on several climate scenarios and GCM to identify the economic effects of droughts. The results show that 1) the cumulated damage of droughts during 2021~2040 is higher than other periods (2040~2061, 2081~2100), 2) the correlation between the damage of droughts and SSP scenarios is insignificant. This result implies the necessity of the effective drought risk management to prevent future droughts effects, irrespective of mitigation policies. 3) Due to increases in rice price, GDP of rice sector is increased. However, GDP of the other sector and consumer welfare are decreased. This result show that indirect effects of droughts would be more important when measuring drought effects on agriculture sector.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.211-254
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• 2014

Malawi's agricultural extension system has been subjected to a number of criticisms in recent times for failing to contribute significantly to agricultural development and for not responding to the needs of the smallholder farmers. Despite this, extension is still seen as key to improving poverty and rural livelihoods.There is a number of challenges facing extension that require a response from the public sector and other stakeholders. A clear and positive response to these challenges will help shape the future of agricultural extension in Malawi for the benefit of all farmers and the attainment of the broad policy objectives of government: democratization, market liberalization, decentralization, HIV/AIDS crisis, shrinking public sector resources, public sector reform, and co-ordination, etc. The mission is to provide pluralistic demand driven extensions services and promote equalisation and co-ordination in service provision in order to achieve food security at household level, there-by reducing poverty. On the other hand the vision is that 'All farmers' demand and access high quality extension services from those best able to provide them'. DAES implements its extension policy through the District Agricultural Extension Services System (DAESS), based on Model Village Approach.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.13-23
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• 2008

In this paper, we estimated the economic impacts of Korea-EU FTA on the agricultural sector in GyeongGi-Do. In particular, we estimated the economic impacts of agricultural production decrease resulting from Korea-EU FTA for 31 sub-regions in GyeongGi-Do by 15 industrial sectors. We employ a regional economic impact model combining a regional input-output model with a spatial allocation model. We found that the size of inter-industrial impacts are quite different across regions. Our results suggest the importance of agricultural and industrial policy considering the impacts of industrial sectors at the regional level.