• 한국안광학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.477-484
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• 2015

목적: 안경테의 안면각의 크기 변화가 시력 및 시기능에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 안면각이 $25^{\circ}$ 와 $5^{\circ}$인 검안테를 각각 착용하여 시력, 대비감도, 사위 및 입체시를 측정하였고, 자각적 증상은 설문조사를 하였다. 여기에는 안질환이 없는 성인 30명(남자 14명, 여자 16명, 평균연령 $25.46{\pm}3.9$세)이, 굴절이상자는 완전교정 한 후, 실험의 대상자로 참여하였다. 결과: 안면각이 $5^{\circ}$일 때 보다 $25^{\circ}$일 때 시력과 대비감도가 감소하였고, 사위도는 내사위 방향으로 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 입체시는 안면각이 $5^{\circ}$일 때 보다 $25^{\circ}$일 때 유의하게 감소하였다. 또한 안면각이 큰 경우, 대상자들의 굴절이상도가 높을수록 글자가 흐리거나 어지럽거나 눈이 아프다는 등의 자각적 증상의 증가가 심해지는 것을 보여주는데 이는 두 요소가 서로 통계적으로 유의한 상관관계가 있는 것을 나타낸다. 결론: 안면각이 큰 경우 시력과 대비감도 및 입체시가 감소하고 사위도는 내사위 방향으로 증가하는 것을 알 수 있었으며, 이러한 안면각의 변화가 시력과 시기능에 영향을 미칠 수 있음을 보여준다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.339-345
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• 2009

목 적 : 이 연구의 목적은 소아에서 고식적 심초음파와 조직 도플러 영상을 이용하여 측정한 지표들의 심장 주기 시간에 따른 변화를 알아보기 위함이다. 방 법 : 2006년 7월부터 2007년 6월까지 강릉아산병원에서 심장초음파를 시행한 해부학적으로 정상 심장을 가진 총 18명의 소아들을 대상으로 본 연구를 시행하였다. 심첨 4방 단면도에서 이완기 승모판 유입 최고 혈류 속도 E, A와 승모판륜의 외측 끝단 및 심실 중격 끝단에서 조직 도플러 영상으로부터 s',e',a'과 함께 각각의 심장 주기 시간을 측정하였다. 모든 측정은 연속된 6-18 심장 주기 동안 이루어졌으며, 심장 주기 길이와 각 지표들 간의 연관성을 조사하였다. 결 과 : 평균 나이는 $3.6{\pm}0.5$세(남:여=8:10)이었다. 심장 주기 시간과 Lat s', Lat a', Sep s', Sep e', Sep a'은 음의 상관관계를 보였다(P<0.01). 심장 주기 시간과 E/A, Lat e'/a', Sep e'/a'은 양의 상관 관계를 보였다(P<0.01). 그러나 E, Lat e'은 통계학적으로 유의한 상관관계를 보이지 않았다(P=0.229, 0.221). 결 론 : 본 연구로 심장 주기 시간의 변화에 따라 좌심실 기능을 나타내는 지표들이 변화함을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 소아에서 정상치를 결정함에 있어 이러한 변화를 고려하여야 한다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.405-413
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• 2018

본 연구의 목적은 대학생의 SNS 중독경향성, 우울 및 의사소통능력 정도를 알아보고 SNS 중독경향성 관련 영향요인을 분석하는 것이다. 200명의 대학생을 대상으로 설문지를 이용하여 자료수집을 하였다. 자료수집기간은 2016년 10월 11일부터 11월 24일까지였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 23.0 프로그램을 이용하여 t-test, ANOVA, LSD와 피어슨 상관관계 분석이 되었고 다중회귀분석이 실시되었다. 대상자의 일반적인 특성에 따른 SNS 중독경향성 차이는 연령(t=2.47, p=.044), SNS 사용시간(F=10.20, p<.001), SNS 사용 장소(t=2.54, p=.012)에 따라 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 변수들 간의 상관분석을 보면, SNS 중독경향성은 우울과 양의 정적상관관계를 보여 우울이 높을수록 SNS 중독경향성이 높은 것으로 나타냈다. 의사소통능력과 SNS 중독경향성은 유이한 상관관계를 보이지 않았다. 대상자의 SNS 중독경향성의 영향변수로는 우울(${\beta}=.265$, p<.001), SNS 사용시간(${\beta}=.265$, p<.001)이 나타났으며, 대상자의 SNS 중독경향성을 15.5%를 설명하는 것으로 나타났다. 결론은 대학생의 SNS 중독경향성을 감소시키기 위한 간호중재가 필요하며, 대학생의 SNS 중독을 조기 선별할 수 있는 검사의 필요와 취약 그룹에 대한 건강증진프로그램이 요구되어진다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권10호
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• pp.256-264
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• 2017

본 연구는 간호대학생의 대학생활적응에 영향을 미치는 요인을 파악하고, 대학생활적응 향상을 위한 중재방안의 기초자료를 제공하기 위하여 시도되었다. 연구대상자는 B시의 간호대학생으로 자료수집은 2017년 5월 8일부터 5월 12일까지였고, 최종 408부를 분석하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS/WIN 21.0 프로그램을 이용하여 실수, 백분율, 평균과 표준편차, 일원분산분석, 피어슨 상관계수, 다중회귀분석으로 분석하였다. 연구결과 연구대상자의 대학생활적응은 $3.24{\pm}.49$점으로 나타났다. 일반적 특성에 따른 대학생활적응의 차이는 학년(t=2.687, p<.001), 연령(F=3.187, p=.042), 성적(F=18.551, p<.001), 전공만족(F=61.347, p<.001), 교우관계(F=28.273, p<.001)에서 유의한 차이를 나타냈다. 연구대상자의 감성지능, 유머감각, 자아탄력성, 대학생활적응과의 상관관계에서 대학생활적응은 감성지능(r=.421, p<.001), 유머감각(r=.360, p<.001), 자아탄력성(r=.418, p<.001)과 정적 상관관계를 나타냈다. 연구대상자의 대학생활적응에 영향을 미치는 요인은 학년(t=-5.241, p<.001), 성적(t=3.833), p<.001), 전공만족(t=6.768, p<.001), 교우관계(t=2.923, p=.014), 감성지능(t=2.674, p=.008), 자아탄력성(t=4.345, p<.001)으로 나타났고, 설명력은 41.7%로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과를 통하여 간호대학생의 대학생활적응에 영향을 미치는 다양한 요인의 확인하고, 대학생활 적응을 향상시킬 수 있는 중재가 필요하다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.51-59
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• 1976

This study was designed to find out passible correlations between the growth rate and daily food intakes of two hundreds E and Y kindergarden children in Seoul, Korea. The subjects adapted in this study were 5-year-old boys and girls and their physical growth index was calculated by means of body weight and height. Dietary survey was performed by recording all the foods taken at daily basis for six days. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Living circumstances of the subjects. a) In most cases, subjects had two to three brothers and sisters. b) About 39% of boys were brought up by cow's milk and 34%, by mined nourishment with mother's milk and cow's milk, while approximately 40% of the girls were brought up by mother's milk and 37%, by mixed one. Of the whole subjects, 70% were weaned at the age of $7{\sim}18$ months. c) Fruit juices were introduced to children at about 3 months old in 40% of the subjects. d) Approximately 60% of the children had their meals regularly and the rest of the subjects had irregularlity in their meal, mainly because of excess consumption of snacks. e) About $20{\sim}40%$ of total income of sampled families were spent for foods. f) The most favorate main dish was steamed rice, other favorate foods were beef and pickled cabages for boys, and ham and dried laver for girls. The least favorate foods for both sexes were oyster, shellfish and various vegetabes. Fruits, juice, milk, and ice cream are more popular snacks among children. 2. Nutrition survey a) Insufficient caloric intakes were shown in both sexes, comprising 90% of daily recommended dietary allowences for boys and only 75% for girls. Iron intake was strikengly low, reaching only 62% of R.D.A. for boys and 72% for girls. b) The total caloric intake was composed of CHO 62%, protein 18%, and fat 21% respectively. c) The consumption of animal protein comprises 55% of total protein intake. d) The cereal consumption was found to be the highest at the level of 43%. e) When the total caloric intake was divided into each meal and snack, snack took the highest part in any other meal. Each figure showed as follow; breakfast 21%, lunch 27%, supper 22% and Snack 30% for boys, and 23%, 22%, 25% and 30% for girls, respectively. 3. The result of statistical analysis. a) There was a significant relationship between the growth rate and the caloric intake of the subjects at the level of 0.050.01.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.247-253
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• 2004

This study has investigated the effect of dietary attitudes on nutritional status of nurses living in Kyungnam province. A total of 249 muses working at hospitals in the Kyungnam area participated in this study. The general characteristics and dietary attitudes of the subjects were surveyed using a self-administered questionnaire, and nutrient intakes were examined using one day 24-hour recall method from November 14 to December 20, in 2001. The data of nutrient intakes were analyzed by the Computer Aided Nutritional Analysis Program and then the diet quality was estimated using the Index of Nutritional Quality (INQ). The subjects were classified as the high score group (17.3 %), medium score group (54.2%), and low score group (28.5%) based on dietary attitude score. The results were as follows: Average age of subjects was 27.1 years old, average nursingexperience was 5.7 years, and 70.7% of the subjects graduated from a junior college. The rate of shift work (45.4%) and non-shift work (54.6%) were similar. The average score on dietary attitudes in thehigh score group was 78.8, and those in he medium score group and in the low score group were 58.6 and 40.8 out of 100 points respectively. The average intake of energy (p < 0.001), carbohydrate (p < 0.001), protein (p < 0.05), animal protein (p < 0.01), animal fat (p < 0.05), vitamin $B_1$ (p < 0.01), vitamin $B_2$ (p < 0.0l), niacin (p < 0.001), Ca (p < 0.001), Fe (p < 0.001), animal Fe (p < 0.01), P (p < 0.001), and crude fiber (p < 0.00l), were significantly higher in the high score group than those in the medium score group and low score group. In the high score group, the average intake of protein, vitamin $B_1$, niacin, vitamin C and P were above 125% of the Korean RDA, and in medium score group, those of vitamin C and P, and in low score group, that of vitamin C were above 125% of the Korean RDA. In the high score group, nutrient of intake below 75% of the Korean RDA was Ca, and those in medium score group were vitamin $B_2$, Ca, and Fe, and those in low score group were energy, vitamin $B_2$, Ca and Fe. The intake ratio of Ca and P showed an unbalanceof 1:2, and that of animal protein/plant protein, and that of animal fat/plant fat were high (1.45-1.64) in all group;. The dietary attitude had a positive correlation (p < 0.00l) with nutrition intake except vitamin A and vitamin C.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제97권4호
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• pp.437-444
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• 2008

본 연구는 자연휴양림 내에서 휴양지구를 설정하기 위한 방법을 모색하기 위하여 산림휴양기능의 평가를 시도하였다. 청옥산 자연휴양림을 연구대상지로 선정하고, 표준지 173개 소반을 추출하여 수량화II류를 이용하여 분석하였다. 이때 외적기준은 산림휴양 효용의 정도를 전문가로부터 부여받았고, 설명변수는 기존의 연구결과와 대상지의 산림휴양자원을 고려하여 임상, 임령, 경사, 수변, 도로, 시설의 6인자를 선정하였다. 그 결과, 절대판별적중률은 제 1 2상관비 축에서 각각 82%, 75%로서 예측 가능한 판별 정도(精度)를 얻었다. 요인으로서는 도로와 경사가 산림휴양기능의 잠재력에 큰 영향을 미치고 있으며, 카테고리에 있어서는 도로가 있는 것이, 경사는 낮을수록 산림휴양기능을 높이는 방향으로 작용하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한, 청옥산 자연휴양림의 소반별 산림휴양기능의 잠재력을 평가하기 위하여 표준지에서의 예측식을 사용하여 산림휴양효용의 정도를 나타내는 종합점수를 구한 다음, 판별구분점에 의하여 높다(H), 보통(M), 낮다(L)로 3구분하였으며, GIS를 이용하여 분포를 나타내는 평가도를 작성하였다. 수량화라는 형식을 매개로 하여 산림휴양의 효용의 정도에 관한 현실의 직관적 경험적 종합판단을 평가인자와 카테고리가 개입된 분석적 판단으로 변환하고 있는 점에 본 연구의 의의가 있다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제30권11호
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• pp.1550-1556
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• 2017

Objective: This study estimated the genetic parameters for productive and reproductive traits. Methods: The data included production and reproduction records of animals that have calved between 1979 and 2013. The genetic parameters were estimated using multivariate mixed models (DMU) package, fitting univariate and multivariate mixed models with average information restricted maximum likelihood algorithm. Results: The estimates of heritability for milk production traits from the first three lactation records were $0.03{\pm}0.03$ for lactation length (LL), $0.17{\pm}0.04$ for lactation milk yield (LMY), and $0.15{\pm}0.04$ for 305 days milk yield (305-d MY). For reproductive traits the heritability estimates were, $0.09{\pm}0.03$ for days open (DO), $0.11{\pm}0.04$ for calving interval (CI), and $0.47{\pm}0.06$ for age at first calving (AFC). The repeatability estimates for production traits were $0.12{\pm}0.02$, for LL, $0.39{\pm}0.02$ for LMY, and $0.25{\pm}0.02$ for 305-d MY. For reproductive traits the estimates of repeatability were $0.19{\pm}0.02$ for DO, and to $0.23{\pm}0.02$ for CI. The phenotypic correlations between production and reproduction traits ranged from $0.08{\pm}0.04$ for LL and AFC to $0.42{\pm}0.02$ for LL and DO. The genetic correlation among production traits were generally high (>0.7) and between reproductive traits the estimates ranged from $0.06{\pm}0.13$ for AFC and DO to $0.99{\pm}0.01$ between CI and DO. Genetic correlations of productive traits with reproductive traits were ranged from -0.02 to 0.99. Conclusion: The high heritability estimates observed for AFC indicated that reasonable genetic improvement for this trait might be possible through selection. The $h^2$ and r estimates for reproductive traits were slightly different from single versus multi-trait analyses of reproductive traits with production traits. As single-trait method is biased due to selection on milk yield, a multi-trait evaluation of fertility with milk yield is recommended.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.619-628
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the knowledge level of pressure ulcer among hospital nurses through a cross-sectional survey by using the pressure ulcer knowledge assessment tool of Beitz et al.(1998). The total of subjects was 160 voluntary participants (60 were from Hospital A and 100 were from Hospital B) working at adult patients' units in two university hospitals located in the same city. None of the hospitals had expert nurses of pressure ulcer nor provided a regular pressure ulcer education program during the past one year. The survey tool consisted of 32 true-false items which were grouped into the risk factors knowledge category(13 items), the wound assessment knowledge category(4 items), and the treatment methods knowledge category(15 items). An internal consistency reliability test of the tool yielded an overall coefficient of 0.72; the coefficient for the risk factors knowledge category was 0.40, that for the wound assessment knowledge category was 0.33; that for the treatment knowledge category was 0.54. The main findings of the study are as follows. 1) Demographic characteristics of the two hospital nurses were similar except for the educational level(p=0.029) and the work units(p=0.001). These observations were maintained even if Hospital A and B were separately compared. 2) The knowledge level of the subjects about pressure ulcer in general was low as indicated by 53.3 points(of 100 possible points) on average. The knowledge level about treatment methods of pressure ulcer was the lowest as indicated by 47.0 points on average. 3) No correlation between the knowledge level of the pressure ulcer and the demographic characteristics of nurses was found except that the knowledge level of I.C.U. nurses was significantly higher(p=0.0003) than that of nurses in other units(p=0.2926) in the case of Hospital A. 4) The knowledge level of nurses in Hospital B was higher than for nurses in Hospital A. The reason was not identified, but it seems that it is related to the role of the I.C.U. or some other factors. The study results confirmed the existing literature that knowledge level of nurses about pressure ulcer is low regardless of age, educational level, or work experience. However, the working place(unit) affected the knowledge level. Further research on the exact reason for the differences in the knowledge level is needed in the future.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.584-594
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• 2000

This study was the done to describe health behavior and determine affecting factors in middle aged women. The subjects of this study were 306 middle aged women, living in M city, during the period from June 28th to August. 31st 1999. The instruments for this study were Health Behavior Assesment tool developed by Kim (1998), Self esteem scale developed by Rosenberg(1965), the perceived health status scale by Lawston, et al.(1982), the Quality of life by Ro(1988), the attitude toward Climacteric symptom by Ji(1983). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, Pearson correlation coefficients and stepwise multiple regression. The result of this study are as follows; 1. The total mean score for Health behavior was 2.51(range 1-4). The mean scores on the subscale were 2.83 for nutrition, 2.81 for stress management, 2.71 for limitation of liking in the menstrual group, health behavior was 2.64. The mean scores on the subscale were 2.98 for nutrition, 2.85 for stress management, 2.82 for limitation of liking, 2.80 for energy conservation in the menopausal group, 2. The mean scores for cognitive-perceptual variables in the menstrual group were perception of health status: 2.61, quality of life: 3.17, self-esteem: 2.59, and attitude for climacteric symptom: 3.02. In the menopausal group the scores were perception of health status: 2.41, quality of life: 3.10, self-esteem: 2.62, attitude for climacteric symptom: 3.06. 3. Health behavior and self-esteem(r=.269, p=.000; r=.205, p=.042), attitude for climacteric symptom(r=.192, p=.005; r=.545, p=.000), quality of life(r=.385, p=.000; r= .195, p=.050) and health behavior were correlated positively, and the perception of health status and health behavior were correlated negatively(r=.-135, p=.050; r= -.207, p=.040 ) in the menstrual group and menopausal group. 4. Perception of health status, quality of life, age, self-esteem, job and marital status explained 33.7% of the variance for health behavior in the menstrual group; self-esteem and education explained 33.1% of the variance for health behavior in the menopausal group. In conclusion, health behavior should be considered when developing nursing strategies for middle-aged women, especially when dealing with perception of health status, quality of life, and self-esteem.