• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.893-905
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• 2020

This study analyzed the perception types of women over the age of 60 in regards to attitude and the effect of wearing brassiere. In addition, it was also to provide the basic data demand for the development of a brassiere for elderly women. Q methodology was used for this study. Analyze the data using the QUANL pc program. Type 1 was the nipple cover non-preferred type. Type 1 thought brassiere has uplifting effect, but is uncomfortable and only worn when going out. Type 2 was a function-oriented preference type. They wore a brassiere for beauty and psychological satisfaction. The brassiere push-up the breast and enhanced volume. Type 3 was the pursuit of vibration reducing and beauty type. The brassiere reduced breast vibration and kept armpits comfortable. The brassiere was worn for beauty. In the future, the actual development of brassieres for elderly women should be investigated for wearing sensation and satisfaction.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.65 no.3
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• pp.397-407
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• 2022

Abusive head trauma (AHT) is the most common and serious form of child abuse and a leading cause of traumatic death in infants and young children. The biomechanics of head injuries include violent shaking, blunt impact, or a combination of both. Neuroimaging plays an important role in recognizing and distinguishing abusive injuries from lesions from accidental trauma or other causes, because clinical presentation and medical history are often nonspecific and ambiguous in this age group. Understanding common imaging features of AHT can increase recognition with high specificity for AHT. In this review, we discuss the biomechanics of AHT, imaging features of AHT, and other conditions that mimic AHT.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.35-47
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• 2007

The aim of this study was to make dental technicians recognize the importance of their professional self-concept, and to provide basic data to devise the educational programs and policies of establishing their positive professional self-concept. In addition, the investigator tried to present some improvement measures for dental technicians' actual services by examining their job satisfaction. Study findings are as follows: First, the score of study subjects' self-concept is 3.41($\pm$.58) (perfect score=5), middle or high in rank. As for the mean score of professional self-concept by realms, the self-concept of communication is 3.59($\pm$.67), the highest; the self-concept of leadership in the realm of professional service is 3.54($\pm$.75); the self-concept of skills is 3.50($\pm$.75); the self-concept of adaptability is 3.47($\pm$.69); and the recognizant level of satisfactory self-concept is 2.95($\pm$.81), below the normal. Second, as for the difference of professional self-concept according to general characteristics, such variables as age, marital states, and the length of one's service have a significant influence upon the recognition of self-concept. First, the self-concept of those whose age is between 31 and 35 is the highest (3.64$\pm$.49), and it is followed by that of those whose age is 36 and above (3.57$\pm$.77) and then that of those whose age is between 26 and 30 (3.31$\pm$.56)). And that of those whose age is below 25 is the lowest. The obove results show us that the professional self-concept of older study subjects is higher than that of younger ones in general(p<.01). As for marital states, that of married persons(3.54$\pm$.64) is higher than that of unmarried ones(3.35$\pm$.55)(p<.05). As for the length of one's service, that of longtime employees is higher than that of short-period workers(p<.01). In relation to positions, a manager's professional self-concept is the highest(3.89$\pm$.55) and that of an assistant technician is the lowest(3.17$\pm$.58). Study findings show that the professional self-concept of higher ranking technicians is higher than that of lower ones in general (p<.001). Based on the study findings, the investigator suggests followings: First, studies on the professional self-concept that is appropriate to the characteristics of dental technicians must be carried out with a new point of view. Second, a tool must be researched and developed in order for the professional self-concept of dental technicians to be measured. Third, if a new professional self-concept is established and a measuring tool is developed, a study on the relationship between dental technicians' professional self-concept and practice performance can be carried out again.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.121-135
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of animal experience activities on young children's emotional intelligence and resilience. Seventy 3- and 4-year-olds were divided into experimental group in which children participated 12 times in animal experience activities, and control group. Data were analyzed by mean, t-test and ANCOVA. The results revealed that children with animal experience activities got higher scores in emotional intelligence including utilization of emotion, recognition and consideration of others' emotion, recognition and expression of self emotion, and emotional adjustment and impulse control. In addition, 4-year-olds scored higher in resilience than 3-year-olds, and the interaction effect between group and age indicated that the positive effects of animal experience activities were more significant in 4-year-olds.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.113-120
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• 2006

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical characteristics of classic heat stroke in Korea and to identify factors of prognosis for heat stroke by comparing a survival group with a non-survival group. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 27 patients with heat stroke who visited the Emergency Department of Kyungpook National University Hospital from March 2001 to February 2005. First, we divided the patients into two groups, the classic heat stroke group and the exertional heat stroke group, and compared them. Second, we compared the survival group with the non-survival group. Age, sex, cause, place where patients were found, underlying diseases, cooling time, performance of endotracheal intubation, initial Glasgow Coma Scale, initial vital sign, and laboratory findings were reviewed. Results: Five of 27 patients in heat stroke died. The classic heat stroke group had 20 patients. They were old and had more patients in the bathroom than the exertional heat stroke group had. The non-survival group showed lower blood pressure, lower initial GCS score, and higher respiratory rate than the survival group. In laboratory findings, the non-survival group also showed lower$HCO_3-$ level, lower albumin level, lower glucose level, more prolonged PT, and higher CK-MB level than the survival group. Delay in recognition of heat stroke and cooling were poor prognostic factors in heat stroke. Conclusion: The classic heat stroke group had patients who were old and found in the bathroom. Early recognition and treatment of heat stroke is important to reduce mortality. Cooling time, initial GCS score, mean arterial pressure, resipratory rate, $HCO_3-$, PT, CK-MB, and albumin seem to be meaningful when forming a prognosis for heat stroke patients.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.190-204
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate the dietary related factors and blood parameters of moderately or severely obese children residing in Samcheok. Anthropometric measurement, 24-hour recall for dietary intake, blood analysis and questionnaire response including nutritional knowledge, nutritional attitude, body image recognition and eating habits were conducted in 23 obese children(16 boys and 7 girls) and their mother. The mean age of subjects are 10.0 years. The average body weight, BMI, obesity index and percent body fat were 57.5㎏, 27.0㎏/$m^2$, 47.3 and 38.1% in boys and 51.0㎏, 24.8㎏/$m^2$, 40.3 and 43.9% in girls. The average nutritional attitude, the self-satisfaction and the nutritional knowledge scores in subjects were 29.9/40, 32.7/50 and 7.3/10, respectively. 34.8% of the subjects were unsatisfied with their body image, whereas, 81.8% of their mothers were unsatisfied with children’s body image. 60.9% of subjects had one or both obese parents. Average intake of energy were 90.6% of RDA in boys and 84.3% of RDA in girls. The ratio of energy from carbohydrate/protein/fat were 66/16/18 in boys and 66/17/17 in girls. The mean serum cholesterol concentration of the subjects was 191.8mg/dl and 78.3% of the subjects were above the normal serum cholesterol rage of children. In the results of correlation analysis, obesity index was negatively correlated with self and mother’s nutritional attitude scores. Body weight and BMI were positively correlated with vitamin C(p<0.05) and fruits(p<0.05) intakes. And there was a positive correlation between obesity index and BMI, and serum cholesterol(p<0.05).

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.216-222
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• 2005

In Korea, there are many kinds of functional foods to manage diabetes, however, they have not been evaluated or investigated systematically. The purpose of this study was to investigate the status of recognition and intake of functional foods among diabetic patients. The study subjects were 307 patients(male 135, female 172), who diagnosed with type 2 diabetes at Seoul National University of Bundang Hospital. Questionnaire survey was done from July to October, 2004 for the characteristics of patients and factors related to the use of functional foods. The mean age of the subjects was 64$\pm$10.2 years, and the mean duration of disease was 9.5$\pm$8.90 years. Approximately 49.8% of the subjects had experience to use functional foods at least once in past. Total number of functional foods used were 56 types. Red ginseng was used most frequently(27.9%), then followed by Silkworm powder(13.6%), Vitamin supplements(10.4%), Mulberry tree(7.1%), Cordyceps sinensis(6.8%) and Ginseng(4.2%). Functional foods were introduced by their friends.relatives(38.4%), family(29.1%), internet(13.9%), and the mass media(10.6%). Among respondents, 94.7% took functional foods with conventional diet therapies(diet, exercise and medication). The purpose of functional food use was to control blood glucose level(49.0%), to relieve fatigue and improve stamina(19.9%), to treat and prevent a disease(17.2%) and to help blood circulation(7.9%). Upon the question of further recommendation of functional foods to others, 74.8% of the subjects answered negative response. However, 12.6% of the subjects showed the further intention of using new product. Therefore, to guide the appropriate use of functional foods for diabetic patients, diabetic educator should provide the knowledge of the efficacy of functional foods and the desirable guidelines.

• Child Studies in Asia-Pacific Contexts
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.95-105
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• 2015

We developed a test of English silent word reading, following work by Mather, Hammill, Allen and Roberts (2004) and Bell, McCallum, Krik, Fuller, and McCane-Bowling (2007), in order to tap Hong Kong Chinese children's reading of English as a foreign language. We created one subtest of individual word reading and another of word reading contextualized within sentences; together, these tests require no more than 10 minutes for administration. In Study 1, we administered the entire test to 552 second grade Hong Kong Chinese children between the ages of 70 and 121 months old, from five different primary schools. The association between the subtests of English silent word reading and contextual reading was positively correlated (.78). In Study 2, 77 Hong Kong Chinese second graders were tested on our newly developed English silent word reading test, together with non-verbal IQ, an English word reading and a Chinese character recognition test (both read aloud). With age and non-verbal IQ statistically controlled, there was a significant correlation between English silent word reading and the more standard English word reading, read aloud, (.78); the association between English silent word reading and Chinese character recognition was also positively correlated (.49). This newly created test is a quick and reliable measure, suitable for both educators and researchers to use to identify poor readers who learn English as a foreign or second language.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.1-10
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• 2015

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to reveal the prevalence of Mibyeong and its symptoms including fatigue, pain, sleep disturbance, dyspepsia, depression, anxiety and anger by using the national survey. Methods : Questionnaires were collected by Gallup Korea. Participants were chosen through stratified sampling method based on area, gender and age. Questionnaire was designated to confirm the recognition, managing of Mibyeong, investigation of life habit, medical history, basic information, QoL questionnaires (Short Form-12, EuroQol-5D) and understanding of Mibyeong medical service conditions. Generally all questionnaires were used for survey the Mibyeong status in public except QoL questionnaires. Questionnaires were fulfilled by professional surveyor as face to face interview. Descriptives was used for data analysis and the results were expressed as percentage ratios (%) Results : 1,101 of people were acquired in this study. Eighty point two (80.2%) percent of participants did not know the concept of Mibyeong accurately even though 80.6% complained of Mibyeong related symptoms. Among them, fatigue was accounted for the highest response (70.7%)in this study. Sixty point four percent of participants identified non-smoking, stop drinking, eating habits and sleeping habits as a way to manage their Mibyeong related symptoms. In addition, exercising (60.8%), visiting medical institution (58.4%) and taking health functional food (52.7%) were presented. Only 23.1% among people with symptoms Mibyeong visited medical facilities. Moreover, the quality of life was found to be significantly correlated with health status. Conclusions : This study could contribute to express the importance of announcing the concept of Mibyeong and status to Korean public. Moreover, more Mibyeong studies should be conducted in the future to evaluate the Mibyeong status objectively.

• The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.130-145
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• 2007

Background and purpose: The purpose of this study is to search recognition patients in Eight constitution Oriental Medical Clinic. And we compare Eight constitution acupuncture methods with the another acupuncture methods. Methods: The subjects were comprised of 200 volunteers. In 3 Eight constitution Oriental Medical Clinic participants were chosen through questionnaire. Finishing answer participants put in their lacked name questionnaire to gathering box. DecisionTree (AnswerTree 3.0 Ver.) statistical software was used for statistical analysis. Results and Conclusion: As a result of the analysis of cognition to Eight constitution acupuncture methods was influenced to patients health, dietetic therapy is best influenced. Next influenced acupuncture reflex degree, age, job, constitution, cure periods, sex distinction, cure degree, diagnosed participant's Constitution by pulse diagnosis in 8 Constitution Medicine.