• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.499-504
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• 1989

Coloring effect, mechanical properties resulting from silver ions exchange of glasses immersed into the mixed molten salt of KNO3 and AgNO3 were investigated in this study. Ion exchange coloring of glasses made it possible to obtain glasses with a range from yellow to yellowish-brown, and spectral transmittance was investigated. The amount of ion exchange and peneration depth increased with treatment temperature and time. The activation energy decreased with mole fraction of AgNO3. It can be seem that the bending strength of ion exchanged glasses were 3~4 times higher than the parent glass and Ag+ colloids prevented from increasing surface microhardness.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 1994.05a
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• pp.113-115
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• 1994

We considered the ion and photo-induced properties as a function of wavelength by exposing the light over the band gap of a-Ag/a-$Se_{75}$$Ge_{25}$ and the low-energy defocused $Ga^{+}$ ion beam on Ag/a-$Se_{75}$$Ge_{25}$ thin film. This film acts as a negative resist for photo or ion beam lithography. We observed that the absorbance coefficient decreased with increasing the photo-exposing time and exposing the ion beam. The bandgap shifts toward longer wavelength called a "darkening effect" are observed in the films exposed to both photons and ions. We suggest that a primary step in the Ag layer and a secondary step is in a-$Se_{75}$$Ge_{25}$ film layer.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.387-391
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• 2001

The hydroxyapatite(HAp) as a carrier the for ion exchange agent of $Ag^+$ions was prepared in semiconductor fabrication, The Ca/P molar ratio of the HAp was 1.65. The HAp is molded in shape of the antimcrobial ball and then sintered at 100$0^{\circ}C$ Ag-containing HAp(HAp-Ag) was prepared by incorporating $Ag^+$/ions in HAp crystals through an ion-exchange reaction in solutions containing 0.01M $AgNO_3$. The antimicrobial effect of HAp-Ag for bacteria such as Escherichial coli and Staphylococcus aureus has been Investigated. The concentrations of silver in the antimicrobial ball was determined by inductively coupled plasma and the amount of $Ag^+$ions was 9.0$\mu\textrm{g}$/g. The HAp-Ag exhibited excellent antimicrobial effect for bacteria such as E. coli and S. aureus. The bactericidal activity was considered to be caused by direct contact of bacteria with $Ag^+$ions in the HAp crystals. The HAp would likely to be possible as a carrier of antimicrobial metal ions such as Ag, Cu, and Zn by recycling of waste sludge in the semiconductor fabrication process.

• Proceedings of the Korean Reliability Society Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.489-496
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• 2001

컴퓨터 키보드의 시장 불량품을 분석한 결과 여러 키가 동시에 입력되는 현상이 다수 발생되는 것을 알 수 있었다. 정밀분석결과 이의 원인이 키보드 membrane의 패턴을 구성하는 은(Ag) paste의 ion migration발생에 의한 것임을 알 수 있었다. 재현실험을 통해 고온 고습한 환경에서 장시간 사용하다보면 membrane내부로 수분이 침투하여 패턴간에 Ag ion migration이 발생되어 키 동작 오류를 유발시킴을 알 수 있었다. 이에 대한 대책안으로 제조 원가에 크게 영향을 주지 않으면서 migration을 크게 억제할 수 있는 준방수 방식의 membrane을 채택하여 4$0^{\circ}C$, 90%RH 환경에서 최소 5년을 보증할 수 있는 키보드를 제작하였다. 또한, 키보드 membrane의 ion migration 시험시 정상사용 조건을 가속시킬 수 있는 재현 및 검증시험법(85$^{\circ}C$, 85%RH, 가속계수 17배)을 개발하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.91-98
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• 1981

Synthetic zeolite A was prerared from domestic Hadong kaolin with sodium hydroxide solution and their ion exchange isotherms of $K^+$, $NH^{4+}$, $Li^+$ and $Ag^+$ ion were presented. The optimum reaction conditions for synthetic zeolite A from calcinated kaolin were 2 fold excess of 2N sodium hydroxide solution, 10$0^{\circ}C$ and 8 hours. It was observed that before the crystallization of zeolite A the samples reacted with sodium hydroxide solution had rather higher ion exchange capacities than zeolite A. The $K^+$-$Na^+$ and $Ag^+$$Na^+$ ion exchange isotherms were signoidal. The initial selectivity series was in the order $Ag^+$$K^+$>$Na^+$>$NH_4$>$Li^+$. Between approximately 33 and 67% replacement of soium ions the selectivity series became $Na^>$ and above 67% became $Ag^+$>$K^+$. Evidence were also presented to demonstrate that 8 out of 12 sodium ions per pseudo unit cell were not easily replaceable by lithium ions and 4 out of 12 not easily replaceable by ammonium ions.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.241-244
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• 2016

Anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) is successfully applied in mM level detection of mercury ion in an electroplating bath which is currently used in preparing a cathodic electrolyzer. Glassy carbon electrode is used for the detection and the optimum condition obtained is 10 s deposition at −1.4 V vs. Ag/AgCl and stripping by scanning from −1.4 to +0.4 V vs Ag/AgCl at 50 mV/s. By applying the method, the mercury ion concentration in the electroplating bath could be successfully monitored during the plating.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2016.02a
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• pp.133.1-133.1
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• 2016

투명히터는 자동차유리 및 헤드램프의 성에 제거, 건축의 단열 및 난방, 의료용, 군사용 등 다양하게 사용되어지고 있으며, 더 나아가 플렉서블하고 웨어러블한 투명히터가 연구되고 있다. 투명히터에 사용되고 있는 대표적 투명전극인 Indium Tin Oxide (ITO)는 높은 투과도와 낮은 면저항을 가지지만 유연성이 좋지 않아 유연한 투명히터에 적용하기에는 어려움이 있다. 이를 해결하기 위해서 ITO를 대체할 수 있는 CNT, Graphene, AgNW, 전도성 고분자 등의 투명전극에 관한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 그러나 CNT, Grapene, 전도성 고분자는 여전히 전기적 특성이 좋지 못하기 때문에 차세대 투명전극으로 사용되기는 어려움이 있다. 반면에 AgNW는 용액공정으로 제조 단가가 비교적 저렴하며, 높은 전기전도 특성을 가지는 투명전극이다. AgNW는 나노와이어가 네트워크를 형성하고 있어 높은 전도성과 광 투과도를 가지지만 $200^{\circ}C$ 이상의 온도에서 손상된다. 이를 해결하기 위해 AgNW전극에 금속 산화막을 형성하여 내열성을 향상시키고자 하였다. 그러나 기존의 Reactive Sputter 방식으로 금속 산화막을 형성하게 되면 산소 분위기에서 AgNW가 산화되기 때문에 본 연구에서는 AgNW위에 금속 박막을 증착하고 Ion Beam 처리를 통해서 금속 산화막을 형성하여 AgNW 전극과 유사한 투과도와 저항을 가지면서 $300^{\circ}C$ 까지 열적 안정성을 확보하여 내열성을 향상시켰다. 유연한 PES기판 위에 스핀 코팅 방법으로 AgNW를 코팅하였고, Magnetron Sputter로 금속 박막을 형성한 후 Ion Beam 처리를 통해 금속 산화막을 형성하였다. 이를 적용하여 투명히터를 제작한 결과 유연 기판상 투명히터로 활용이 가능함을 확인하였다.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.60 no.6
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• pp.1169-1174
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• 2011

CdTe thin-film solar cell technology is well known that it can theoretically improve its conversion efficiency and manufacturing costs compared to the conventional silicon solar cell technology, due to its optical band gap energy (about 1.45eV) for solar energy absorption, high light absorption capability and low cost requirements for producing solar cells. Although the prior studies obtained the high light absorption, CdTe thin film solar cell has not been come up to the sufficient efficiency yet. So, doping method was selected for the improvement of the electrical characteristics in CdTe solar cells. Some elements including Cu, Ag, Cd and Te were generally used for the p-dopant as substitutional acceptors in CdTe thin film. In this study, the sputtering-deposited CdTe thin film was immersed in $AgNO_3$ solution for ion exchange method to dope Ag ions. The effects of immersion temperature and Ag-concentration were investigated on the optical properties and electrical characteristics of CdTe thin film by using Auger electron spectroscopy depth-profile, UV-visible spectrophotometer, and a Hall effect measurement system. The best optical and electrical characteristics were sucessfully obtained by Ag doping at high temperature and concentration. The larger and more uniform diffusion of Ag ions made increase of the Ag ion density in CdTe thin film to decrease the series resistance as well as mede the faster diffusion of light by the metal ions to enhance the light absorption.

• Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.93-97
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• 1999

From the anodic peak currents of cyclic voltammograms for Ag(I)/Ag(II) couple obtained with the variation of nitric acid concentration, Ag(I) concentration and solution temperature at a Pt electrode in concentrated nitric acid solutions, the diffusion coefficients of Ag(I) ion were evaluated to estimate the limiting current density of Ag(II)-mediated electrochemical oxidation (MEO) process, which has been effectively used for the complete destruction of hazardous organic materials. The results showed that, due to the water decomposition reaction which occurred simultaneously with the Ag(I) ion oxidation, background subtractions for the cyclic voltammograms were required to estimate the correct peak currents. The empirical relationship for the diffusion coefficient of Ag(I) was suggested as a function of solution viscosity and temperature.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.48-54
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• 2018

Batch ion exchange experiments of Au(III) were performed from ammonium chloride solution by employing strong anionic exchange resins (Amberlite IRA 402 and AG 1-X8). Au(III) was well loaded into the two resins and the loading behavior of Au(III) into AG 1-X8 was superior to that into Amberlite IRA 402. The loading of Au(III) into AG 1-X8 followed Langmuir adsorption isotherm and the experimentally determined loading capacity was 355 mg/g. Au(III) was successfully eluted by $HClO_4$ from the loaded AG 1-X8 and the elution percentage of Au(III) increased with the concentration of $HClO_4$.