• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.309-320
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to examine the related factors of quality of life (QOL) among patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Methods: Patients diagnosed with COPD (N=230) were recruited from four hospitals in Kyeong-Nam province, from March 2 to November 30, 2010. The data collection instruments were the Short Form 36, perceived dyspnea measure by Modified Medical Research Council, COPD and Asthma Sleep Impact Scale, COPD Self-efficacy Scale, and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale were used. Following the completion of the data collection instruments Pulmonary function was tested. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and simultaneous multiple regression using SPSS/WIN. Results: The mean QOL of this study was 68.24. Using a multivariate approach, the significant correlates of QOL were depression (${\beta}$=-.37), dyspnea (${\beta}$=-.28), self-efficacy (${\beta}$=.20), and a sufficient degree of household income (${\beta}$=.16). These variables explained 49% of variance in QOL. Conclusion: The study suggests that psychological aspects are an important factor in explaining QOL of the patients. Screening and minimizing depression could be effective strategies in enhancing QOL of patients with COPD and further investigation to reduce depression could warrant the improvement of QOL in patients with COPD.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.261-271
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate factors that have influence on a health examination among the middle aged living in Busan. Method: The survey was conducted with 235 participants who were the parents of students of five nursing schools in Busan, living in Busan, and subjects to a health examination under the National Health Insurance Corporation. The data was collected from September to November 2004 using a structured self-administered questionnaire that contained general characteristics, characteristics related to a health examination, and health belief variables. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 10.0. Results: Among the subjects, 122(51.9%) had performed a health examination in the past, and 113(48.1%) had not. Variables that have a significant influence on getting a health examination were: previous disease experience, perceived barrier and perceived seriousness. Those who did not have previous disease experience(2.6 times) and whose perceived seriousness was high(1.1 times) were more likely to have a health examination, and those with perceived barrier high(0.9 times) were less likely. Conclusion: Therefore, to increase the rate of health examinations, it is necessary to advertise the importance of health examinations particularly for the people who had disease experience and the seriousness of target diseases; and furthermore, to remove barriers of a health examination.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.322-328
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of an individualized cardiac health education on self-care behavior and serum cholesterol levels patients with coronary artery disease. Methods: Twenty-two patients in the intervention group and 22 in the control group were assigned randomly in this study. The intervention group received an individualized cardiac health education program which consisted of four different sessions for a total of four sessions. Specifically, two sessions occurred during the patients' hospitalization with a third session at the time of discharge with a fourth session scheduled via telephone one week post discharge. Data were collected through a questionnaire for self-care behavior and a blood test for total cholesterol at the time of admission and the two weeks after discharge. The questionnaire for self-care behavior was a standardized instrument and serum cholesterol was measured by Accutrend GC (Roche, Germany). Results: Self-care behavior scores included diet, medication, exercise, risk factor, blood pressure measurement, and visits to hospital were significantly more in the experimental group compared to the control group. Conclusion: The above findings indicate that the individualized cardiac health education was effective in increasing of self-care behavior.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.53 no.10
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• pp.872-879
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• 2010

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in children is a frequent disease for which optimal diagnostic methods are still being defined. Treatment of OSA in children should include providing space, improving craniofacial growth, resolving all symptoms, and preventing the development of the disease in the adult years. Adenotonsillectomy (T&A) has been the treatment of choice and thought to solve young patient's OSA problem, which is not the case for most adults. Recent reports showed success rates that vary from 27.2% to 82.9%. Children snoring regularly generally have a narrow maxilla compared to children who do not snore. The impairment of nasal breathing with increased nasal resistance has a well-documented negative impact on early childhood maxilla-mandibular development, making the upper airway smaller and might lead to adult OSA. Surgery in young children should be performed as early as possible to prevent the resulting morphologic changes and neurobehavioral, cardiovascular, endocrine, and metabolic complications. Close postoperative follow-up to monitor for residual disease is equally important. As the proportion of obese children has been increasing recently, parents should be informed about the weight gain after T&A. Multidisciplinary evaluation of the anatomic abnormalities in children with OSA leads to better overall treatment outcome.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.244-254
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• 2011

Purpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate adherence to self-care and identify associated factors in outpatients with Heart Failure (HF). Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, a convenience sample of 249 outpatient clinic patients were recruited at S university hospital. Between October 2009 and December 2009, data were collected through questionnaires and medical record review. Results: The total mean score of adherence to self-care was $18.07{\pm}3.56$ out of a possible 45 points. Among self-care dimensions, adherence to medication and low salt diet was high, while lower adherence was reported in contact with health professionals if symptoms such as weight gain, edema and fatigue were presented. Multivariate analysis adjusted for other socio-demographic and clinical factors showed that disease knowledge related to heart failure (p<.001) and left ventricular ejection fraction (p=.027) were independent predictors of adherence to self-care. These factors explained 23% of total variance in the adherence to self-care. Conclusion: Heart failure patients with higher disease knowledge and those who have good systolic function may be more likely to engage in adherence to self-care than those with lack of disease knowledge and low contractility. Further research is needed to confirm these results and identify other predictors of adherence to self-care.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.32-40
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this secondary data analysis was to identify factors influencing a relapse among patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: Of 250 participants enrolled in the original study 75 were selected as there was no relapse for more than one year following the initial treatment and 54 were selected because there was a relapse. Data were analyzed using ${\chi}^2$ test, t-test or F test to determine if there were any significant differences in the study variables relative to the status of relapse. Predictors were calculated by logistic regression. Results: Autonomy supported by healthcare providers was the significant predictor for relapse in patients with CAD. Patients with low autonomy supported by healthcare providers was 3.91 times more likely to relapse than patients with high autonomy supported. Patients with diabetes were at greater risk of recurrence. Conclusion: Secondary prevention of CAD is a major task for patients with CAD. Behavioral strategies for cardiovascular risk reduction are essential and autonomy supported by healthcare providers should be included in their strategies.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was to examine the food intake and family support of patients with Coronary Artery Disease(CAD). Methods: 90 hospitalized patients who received CAD medical treatment were randomly selected. The food intake frequency and family support instrument were utilized. Collected data was analyzed by SPSS/WIN 14.0: t-test, $x^2$-test and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results: The mean score of food intake frequency was 5.65(total mean score 97.50) which was relatively healthy food intake based on the CAD treatment guidelines. Undesirable food intake items were fruit, fish, milk etc. The mean score of family support was 2.44(range: 1 - 4). Food intake showed a significant(p < .001) positive correlation with family support. There was significant difference(p < .05) on family support according to exercise. There was significant difference(p < .05) on LDL level, one of the CAD risk factors, between first admission patients and readmission patients. Conclusion: These findings suggest that nursing intervention education programs should be developed to appropriately care for CHD patients for needed changes.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.61-70
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• 2016

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the mediating effect of the resilience on the relationship between type D personality and compliance of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) patients. Methods: The subjects were 236 CAD patients who visited the cardiology outpatient clinics of D University Medical Center in B City in Korea. The type D personality, resilience, and compliance of subjects were measured using structured questionnaires from July to August, 2014. The mediating effect was analyzed by a multiple hierarchical regression. Results: The subjects with type D personality accounted for 30.9% of all study subjects. The resilience and compliance of type D subjects were significantly lower than those of non type D subjects. There was a significant correlation between resilience and compliance. The direct effect of type D personality on compliance was not significant (${\beta}=-.07$, p=.243), while the indirect effect of type D personality on compliance via resilience was significant (${\beta}=.23$, p<.001). Conclusion: On the basis of above results, it can be concluded that the resilience had completely mediating effect on the relation between type D personality and compliance of CAD patients. Further studies need to be done to develop the intervention enhancing resilience of CAD patients with Type D personality.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.80-89
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• 2010

Purpose: This paper has attempted to investigate the association between the subclinical thyroid function disorder caused by natural change in thyroid hormones or thyroid remedies and the incidence of CHD. Methods: Data was analyzed of 7,675 women who had undergone health examinations in a hospital in Gyeonggi-do between January 2007 and December 2008. The covariation of the coronary risk factors such as age, BMI, HbA1C, systolic blood pressure, LDL:HDL-cholesterol ratio, CRP, smoking and exercise were analyzed by using logistic regression analysis. Results: A significant increase in serum TSH was observed with higher age (F=26.91, p=.00). In terms of age, the risk of CHD started to gradually increase since the 40s and sharply since the 60s (${\chi}^2$=113.29, p=.00). The serum TSH was the most significant parameter influencing CHD (B=.12, p=.00). The risk of coronary heart disease was 3.12 times higher in the subclinical hypothyroidism group (OR=3.12) while no significant difference was observed in the subclinical hyperthyroidism group. Conclusion: Subclinical hypothyroidism may be an independent risk factors for CHD. A nurse nursing patients with thyroid disorder should be well informed of their state of subclinical thyroid function disorder and make efforts to extend their health expectancy.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.938-945
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• 2016

This study was conducted to investigate the risk of chronic disease as predicted by abdominal obesity in Korean adult females. Data on 2,738 adult females aged 40~64 yrs was obtained from the 2013~2014 Korean National Health Nutrition Examination Survey. The subjects were divided into normal (n=1,835), abdominal obesity (AO, n=73), and BMI-diagnosed abdominal obesity (BMI-AO, n=505) groups based on the NCEP-ATP III guidelines and by applying the KSSO definition regarding waist circumference. Triglyceride blood levels, fasting blood sugar levels, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure were higher in the AO and BMI-AO groups than in the normal group. The HDL-cholesterol levels of subjects in the two abdominal groups were lower as compared to those of subjects in the normal group. The mean adequacy ratio was lower among subjects in the AO and BMI-AO groups than among those in the normal group. Moreover, the NAR and INQ scores of some micro-nutrients in both of the abdominal obesity groups were lower than those in the normal group. Both the AO and BMI-AO groups showed significantly higher risks of hypertriglycemia, hyperglycemia, hypertension, hypoHDL-cholesterolemia, and metabolic syndrome than were shown by the normal group. Notably, as compared to the normal group, the AO group showed higher risk of hypercholesterolemia, hyperLDL-cholesterolemia, hypertriglycemia, and metabolic syndrome than did the BMI-AO group. This finding suggests that it is essential to develop prevention programs including programs for those with abdominal obesity despite their having a BMI within the normal range.