• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.131-138
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• 1987

In 1814, Giovanni Battista Monteggia first described two cases of fracture of proximal third of ulna with a dislocation of radial head, and this combined injury is now known as the Monteggia fracture. Despite its rarity, the importance of early recognition of dislocated radial head and correct treatment bas been emphasized. Eight cases of Monteggia fracture were studied from March, 1984 to June, 1987. The results are as follows 1. Male patients were six and female were two. 2. The frequent cause of injury was fall down in four cases. 3. Bado type I accounted for 50%, type II for 12.5% and type III for 37.5%. 4. The level of ulna fracture was above upper one third of ulna in seven. 5. The common direction of dislocated radial head was anterior. 6. Two children and two adults were managed by closed reduction. Four ulna fractures in adult were treated by open reduction and internal fixation using a semitubular plate. 7. The results (by Bruce et al. criteria) were 3 excellent, 2 good, 1 fair and 2 poor.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.87-100
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• 2012

Smart wear integrates computing technology into fabric or a garment for additional functionality. This research explored the attitudes and opinions of the use of smart wear from the viewpoint of caregivers. Thirty two individuals including care providers of children and adult family members with health problems participated in focus group interviews. Participants reported being interested in smart wear because of the potential to detect the location (GPS) of a dependent (e.g., child, elderly) and to monitor vital signs. Participants indicated perceived advantages of smart wear such as identifying geographical location and effectiveness. Perceived concerns mentioned were privacy/security issues and accuracy of data. Participants taking care of dependents without a specific disease were hesitant to adopt and pay for smart wear. However, caregivers of elderly individuals expressed positive adoption intentions and willingness to reasonably pay for smart wear. They indicated expectations that potential insurance would provide coverage for cost savings. Caregivers expressed the need of specific requirements for future adoption such as customizability, and comfort/safety. Specific to smart wear clothing, most respondents preferred it be an undershirt or a jacket with a sensor located in the shoulder area. The findings from this study can be used in product development, promotion and marketing of smart wear.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.331-339
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• 2012

The easy and simple simultaneous analytical method of preservatives (BA, SA, DHA, MP, EP, IPP, PP, IBP and BP) was studied by more easily changing from method used in food and drug using HPLC with scherzo SM-C18 column. All presevatives were seperated successfully in mobile phase of 50 mM ammonium formate : 0.1% phosphoric acid (50:50 v/v%) and 50 mM ammonium formate : acetonitrile (30 : 70). Retention time of BA, SA, DHA, MP, EP, IPP, PP, IBP and BP was 7.74, 9.08, 12.57, 13.83, 21.62, 27.29, 28.20, 33.20 and 33.68 min, respectively. The calibration curves of BA, SA, DHA, MP, EP, IPP, PP, IBP and BP were linear over the concentration range of 5~80 ${\mu}g/mL$ with correlation coefficient of above 0.999. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) of BA, SA, DHA, MP, EP, IPP, PP, IBP and BP were 0.52 and 1.58, 1.09 and 3.29, 1.00 and 3.03, 1.36 and 4.13, 1.26 and 3.83, 1.02 and 3.08, 1.11 and 3.37, 0.82 and 2.48, 0.85 and 2.59 ${\mu}g/mL$, respectively. The coefficients of variation for intra- and inter-day assay were 0.12~2.68 and 0.18~2.66%, respectively. The developed method showed good intra- and inter-day precision and accuracy. The preservatives used in mouthwashes were BA, MP and PP and were detected in 24 samples(86%) except for 4 samples and not showed significant difference in using dose of adult and children. In conclusion, the developed method can be useful for simultaneous analysis of preservatives in mouthwashes and these results suggest that could be applied to fundamental study and guideline on content of preservatives in mouthwashes.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.16
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• pp.7219-7229
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• 2015

Background: Chromosomal aberrations identified in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have an important role in disease diagnosis, prognosis and management. Information on karyotype and associated clinical parameters are essential to physicians for planning cancer control interventions in different geographical regions. Materials and Methods: In this study, we present the overall frequency and distribution patterns of chromosomal aberrations in both children and adult de novo B lineage ALL Indian patients using conventional cytogenetics, interphase FISH and multiplex RT-PCR. Results: Among the 215 subjects, cytogenetic results were achieved in 172 (80%) patients; normal karyotype represented 37.2% and abnormal 62.8% with a distribution as follows: 15.3% hypodiploidy; 10.3% hyperdiploidy; 15.8% t(9;22); 9.8% t(1;19); 3.7% t(12;21); 2.8% t(4;11); 2.8% complex karyotypes. Apart from these, we observed several novel, rare and common chromosomal rearrangements. Also, FISH studies using LSI extra-signal dual-color probes revealed additional structural or numerical changes. Conclusions: These results demonstrate cytogenetic heterogeneity of ALL and confirm that the incidence of chromosomal abnormalities varies considerably. To the best of our knowledge, this is one of the largest reported series of cytogenetic investigations in Indian B-lineage ALL cases. In addition, ongoing cytogenetic studies are warranted in larger groups of B-lineage ALL cases to identify newly acquired chromosomal abnormalities that may contribute to disease diagnosis and management.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.4587-4592
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• 2012

Purpose: This study used receiver operating characteristic curve to analyze Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) neuroblastoma (NB) and other peripheral nerve cell tumors (PNCT) outcome data. This study found under usage of radiotherapy in these patients. Materials and methods: This study analyzed socio-economic, staging and treatment factors available in the SEER database for NB and other PNCT. For the risk modeling, each factor was fitted by a generalized linear model to predict the outcome (soft tissue specific death, yes/no). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was computed. Similar strata were combined to construct the most parsimonious models. A random sampling algorithm was used to estimate the modeling errors. Risk of neuroendocrine (other endocrine including thymus as coded in SEER) death was computed for the predictors. Results: There were 5261 patients diagnosed from 1973 to 2009 were included in this study. The mean follow up time (S.D.) was 83.8 (97.6) months. The mean (SD) age was 18 (25) years. About 30.45% of patients were un-staged. The SEER staging has high ROC (SD) area of 0.58 (0.01) among the factors tested. We simplified the 4-layered risk levels (local, regional, distant, un-staged/others) to a simpler 3-tiered model with comparable ROC area of 0.59 (0.01). Less than 50% of PNCT patients received radiotherapy (RT) including the ones with localized disease. This avoidance of RT use occurred in adults and children. Conclusion: The high under-staging rate may have precented patients from selecting definitive radiotherapy (RT) after surgery. Using RT for, especially, adult PNCT patients is a potential way to improve outcome.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.125-136
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• 2018

This study classified and analyzed the assignments for the Hanbok skill contests between 1998 and 2017 so that the Korean hanbok can be properly passed down. this study proposes a variety of useful values for the Hanbok culture industry by providing basic data on various Hanbok making techniques to the Hanbok artisan. The results of the analysis of 39 assignments for the Hanbok skill contest are as follows. Firstly, The 20 assignments presented in the Local Skills Competitions consisted of 13 tasks (65%) in formal wear and 7 tasks (35%) in casual wear. Formal wear is mainly comprised of men's and children's wear (85.7%). There are Pungcha Baji, Sagusam, Kkachi Durumagi, Jeonbok & Bokgeon, Durumagi, and others on the formal wear of men'schildren's wear. In casual wear, 66.7% of women's wear such as scarves, skirts, jeogori, Hwejang Jeogori & chima were on the list of assignments. Secondly, All of the 19 assignments presented in the National Skills Competitions were in adult suits. Thirteen tasks (68.4%) were in formal wear and 6 tasks (31.6%) were in casual wear. Nine out of the 13 formal wear tasks (69.2%) were men's clothes. In 6 assignments of the casual wear, men's and women's clothes were presented three times each. Formal wear that had many assignments was the men's Chulik, which was presented three times in 2006, 2008 and 2016. Thirdly, Eighteen (90%) of the 20 assignments presented at the Local Skills Competitions were for lined clothes, and the remaining 2 (10%) were for unlined clothes. Eleven tasks (57.9%) out of the 19 assignments presented in the National Skills Competitions were for lined clothes, and 8 tasks (42.1%) were for unlined clothes.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.69-85
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• 2016

This study examined bidirectional associations between intergenerational residential proximity and older parents' mental and physical health. The data were drawn from first three waves of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLoSA, 2006, 2008, 2010), a nationally representative sample of adults 45 years or older and their spouses. The analytic sample consisted of 2,391 parents aged 60 years or older with at least one child who were continuously married between 2006 and 2010. Intergenerational residential proximity was measured with travel time between parental residence and that of the oldest of the continuously married children. For statistical analysis, autoregressive cross-lagged models were estimated using AMOS. Findings suggest that intergenerational residential proximity may have bidirectional associations with functional health, and an unidirectional association with life satisfaction. Specifically, a closer distance to a married son or daughter reported in 2006 was associated with poorer functional health of the parent in 2008. An older parent's greater number of functional limitations in 2006 was also related to a closer residential proximity to the married child in 2008. A greater residential proximity to a son, but not a daughter, reported in 2006 was associated with a higher level of parental life satisfaction in 2008. Overall, results suggest that having nearby a married adult child, particularly a married son, may help maintain parental health.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.232-234
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• 2006

Main purpose of producing animation is to entertain children, however, it is create for adult as an art form. For commercial animation focus on young generation rather than art animation, to make consume all over the world. To extend usability, animation company divert from child only contents to family animation, Especially, not even Disney animation company but many animation productions changed their policy and more stressed on that recently. It, however, can not be detected any research on this subject, So this study can proved a basic theory of defining term of family animation and contents with to overcome the limitation of viewers range as consumers. Firstly, it is investigated the family animation in domestic and overseas, secondly will be clarified the target for animation and compare to market for other country, it also be a basic analysis of understanding a family animation in the ways of producing and merchandising as goods.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.516-526
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• 2001

Working towards the compression of morbidity, we attempted to find the way to contribute to desirable aging and/or healthy old age. By looking into the factors affecting nutrient intake in middle-aged adults, we sought to find ways to improve their health status, Two hundred and fifty middle-aged adults from 40 to 60 years of age residing in Seoul and its vicinity were recruited for the survey. Subjects were interviewed for general characteristics, dietary habits lifestyle, status and food intake by a trained interviewer. Two -day food record was included in addition to the 1 -day 24 hr recall. Date were analyzed for the relationship among nutrient intake, health status, socio-economic status dietary habits and lifestyle using a statistical program (SAS) Although the mean energy intake of the subjects did not reach the recommenced dietary allowances(RDA), mean protein intake was well above the RAD for both sex groups(111.2% and 129.1% for men and women, respectively) The caloric contribution of fat was 15 to 20 % of total energy intake among different groups. Riboflavin was the most deficient nutrient and its mean intake reached only 71.0% of RDA for mean This seemed to be due to the lower intake of milk and dairy products among middle-aged Koreans who are more accustomed to traditional meals. Income and exercise habit were the most important factors influencing the nutrient intake of middle-age adults. Also, BMI, smoking habit, level of education regularity of meal, and hours of sleeping influenced the nutrient intake, In conclusion, middle-age adults appeared to have similar problems with the elderly in terms of nutrient intake and this age group should to included when considering nutritionally vulnerable groups in addition to the elderly and young children. The improvement in the nutrition status of middle-age adults is even more important because that could lead into the better health the elderly.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.93-105
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• 1993

The major purpose of this study was to determine the effects of air pollution on respiratory diseases. From the analysis of $SO_2$, $NO_2$ and TSP levels measured at two air pollution monitoring stations(K & E area) of Seoul during Jan. 1988-Dec. 1990, pollution level of K area was higher than E area. Insurance out-patient records for the medical fee reimbusement submitted to the National Federation of Medical Insurance from Jan. to Dec. 1990 were used in order to assess the occurrence of respiratory disease. The results were as follows ; 1. The annual mean levels of $SO_2$, $NO_2$ and TSP in K area were 0.08lppm, O.03lppm and 173.4${\mu}g/m^3$, whereas those of E area were 0.044ppm, 0.02lppm and 146.0 ${\mu}g/m^3$ respectively. The mean levels of above three air pollutants between two areas showed difference about 1.2 times-1.8 times by air pollutant. 2. The monthly out-patient incidence rates of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, chronic bronchitis and asthma in K area were higher when compared with those of E area. The monthly out-patient incidence rates of above three chronic respiratory disease of two areas studied showed statistically significant difference about 1.3 times, 2.7 times, 1.4 times respectively. No difference were, however, shown in acute respiratory infections. 3. Highest incidence rates of out-patients could be observed among the group of children less than 10 years old, while adult out-patient incidence rates increased as age increased. 4. The relation between air pollution and chronic respiratory disease was obvious especially, the strongly significant correlation was observed between $NO_2$ and chronic bronchitis.