• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.14-19
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• 2017

Children exposed to potentially traumatic events are at risk of developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, the subsequent developmental course of posttraumatic stress symptoms appears to vary considerably. In this regard, some PTSD symptoms resolve without significant interventions, while for many children and adolescents, they persist until the patient receives appropriate treatment specifically designed to address PTSD and other trauma related symptoms. Evidence-based psychotherapies represent the standard of care for children with PTSD and, while psychopharmacologic interventions are utilized for many youth with posttraumatic stress symptoms and PTSD, there is little data available to guide the use of these medications in this population. However, given the structural challenges involved in disseminating and delivering evidence-based psychotherapies in all settings, prescribing clinicians should be aware of the medications whose use in children with pediatric PTSD has been studied. Herein, we review the PTSD assessment modalities, as well as the use of pharmacologic interventions in PTSD, including antiadrenergic agents, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and other medications.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.68-71
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• 2018

Androgen therapy has proven efficacy in treating patients with bone marrow failure who are not candidates for bone marrow transplantation. Herein, we report on a case of colonic angioectasia secondary to oxymetholone use in an adolescent patient with Hoyeraal-Hreidarsson syndrome (HHS). A 13-year-old Caucasian male with HHS characterized by cerebellar hypoplasia, developmental delay, microcephaly, esophageal strictures and myelodysplasia presented with severe hematochezia from colonic angioectasia secondary to long-term oxymetholone therapy. These vascular lesions resolved spontaneously once this anabolic steroid was discontinued. While androgen therapy is often recommended for certain anemias and myelodysplastic syndromes, clinicians should be aware of the potential complication in developing these perceived uncommon colonic angioectasias. Moreover, pediatric gastroenterologists should familiarize themselves in identifying these vascular lesions by colonoscopy, especially among the high risk groups on long-term anabolic steroid therapy.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제12권sup1호
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• pp.118-126
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• 2009

The incidence of childhood obesity has increased dramatically. Childhood obesity is an increasing health problem because of its strong associations with chronic health problems in children and adults. These health problems significantly contribute to the development of common chronic diseases in later life, including hypertension, type2 diabetes, hyperinsulinemia, coronary heart disease, and other psychological disorders. So it is an important issue to prevent and treat obesity during childhood and adolescent. Diet and exercise are the cornerstones of treatment for obesity and related complications. For obese children, some clinical trials have shown improvement with diet, exercise, and /or behavioral interventions. Promising interventions for high-risk individuals, such as bariatric surgery and novel pharmacological agents, also require rigorous assessment with attention to long-term patient important outcomes. There are various pharmacological approaches to the treatment of obesity in the adolescent population some of which have FDA approval. In the article we discuss pharmacological approaches to guide the treatment of obesity in the pediatric population, including risks of treatment, monitoring of potential side effects.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.185-189
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• 2013

Corticosteroid (budesonide) nebulizer therapy is commonly performed. Its side effects have been considered as being safe or ignorable. The authors present a case of esophageal candidiasis in a healthy female adolescent who was treated with budesonide nebulizer therapy a few times for a cough during the previous winter season. This child presented with dysphagia and epigastric pain for 1 month. Esophageal endoscopy showed a whitish creamy pseudomembrane and erosions on the esophageal mucosa. Pathologic findings showed numerous candidal hyphae. She did not show any evidence of immunodeficiency, clinically and historically. The esophageal lesion did not resolve naturally. The esophageal lesion completely improved with the antifungal therapy for 2 weeks; the symptoms disappeared, and the patient returned to normal health. It is important that frequent esophageal exposure to topical corticosteroids application can cause unexpected side effects.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.306-311
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• 2023

A 13-year-old male was diagnosed with a glenoid fracture following direct shoulder trauma, for which surgical treatment was considered. After referral to a center for pediatric orthopedic care, physical examination, contralateral shoulder X-ray, and detailed computed tomography examination ruled out the presence of fracture; these findings were later confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging. Normal ossification patterns in the adolescent shoulder may simulate a fracture in traumatic settings. To accurately diagnose and manage pediatric shoulder pathology, orthopedic surgeons must be aware of the normal anatomy of the growing shoulder, its secondary ossification centers, and growth plates.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.447-454
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• 1993

Patient with skeletal class II relationship was treated with L-ARS. L-ARS is fixed functional appliance that could be effective in children and adolescent patient who don't wear activator. The following results were obtained ; 1) Growth of Mandible was stimulated and overjet was decreased, therefore coupling of anterior teeth was established with L-ARS which is fixed functional appliance. 2) These changes were accomplished with Mandibular skeletal growth with no effect on the Maxilla. 3) L-ARS was especially effective on patient who deny to wear the removable functional appliance.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.212-227
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• 2020

Purpose: This study presents the process of designing workbooks for advance care planning appropriate for the Korean cultural setting and describes actual case studies. Methods: This study focused on single inductive case studies of the utilization of an advance care planning workbook and recruited individual participants. Results: The workbook for adolescents contained six sessions and the workbook for children contained seven sessions. The workbook sessions led to four major discoveries: 1) considering the Korean cultural context, discussions on life and death must be held indirectly; 2) the role of the counselor as a supporter is crucial for the workbook to be effective; 3) the workbook must be accessible regardless of the seriousness of the illness; and 4) patients must be able to make their own choice between the workbook versions for children and adolescents. Six facilitating factors improved engagement: 1) the role of the counselor as a supporter; 2) building trust with the patient; 3) affirming freedom of expression on topics the patient wished to avoid talking about; 4) having discussions on what private information to keep secret and to whom the information can be disclosed; 5) discovering and regularly discussing relevant topics; and 6) regular communication and information-sharing with the patient's medical service providers. Conclusion: It is necessary to build on actual case studies regarding workbooks for children and adolescents in order to expand the usage of these workbooks to all relevant medical institutions in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.178-185
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• 1999

본 연구에서는 청소년 정신과 환자군중에서 우울증 집단(n=19), 우울증적 품행장애 집단(n=13), 정신분열증 집단(n=10)을 대상으로 자아기능의 장애정도를 비교하였다. Rorschach검사를 통해 자아손상지표(EII)를 도출하였고, 요인분석 결과 선행연구와 마찬가지로 자아손상의 단일요인을 얻었으며 전체 변량의 57.18%를 설명하였다. EII를 진단별로 비교했을 때, 정신분열증 집단이 다른 두 집단에 비하여 유의미하게 높은 EII 점수를 나타냈지만, 우울증 집단과 우울증적 품행집단간의 차이는 발견되지 않았다. 이상의 결과는 자아기능 장애정도에 대한 측정도구로서 EII가 청소년정신장애집단에서 사용하는데 유용하다는 것을 제시함과 동시에, 청소년기 우울증적 품행장애가 이른바 위장된 우울증에 해당될 가능성을 시사해주었다.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.183-192
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• 2002

Objectives The Objective was to evaluate the efficacy of auricular acupuncture treatment for adolescent dysmenorrheic women. Method This study was carried out to the 25 adolescent dysmenorrheic women without pelvic or other systemic disease and its history who visited outpatient department of Oriental Hospital, Semyung, univ. from June, 2002 to September, 2002. We investigated general characteristics, menstrual and dysmenorrheic characteristics through out the patient's note and comparison of before and after auricular acupuncture treatment by using a 10cm Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) for sample patients. Results The $mean{\pm}Standard$ Error of mean(S.E) of VAS score on before and after auricular acupuncture treatment were $6.36{\pm}0.49$ and $2.24{\pm}0.35$. The $mean{\pm}S.E$ of VAS score of after auricular acupuncture treatment was decreased significantly compared with that of before(p<0.01). Conclusion The auricular acupuncture treatment will be efficacious against adolescent dysmenorrhea

• 척추신경추나의학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.87-95
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• 2013

Objectives: This report of three cases illustrates the potential effect of chuna therapy and myofascial release technique on back pain and curve regression in the at-risk, skeletally immature patient with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Methods: The correction program for scoliosis takes 3 month per case. Chuna Therapy and MRT were given once a week and other oriental medicine care was given twice a week to care the complications of scoliosis. The Cobb's angle(by X-ray, Full spine view) and Visual analogue scale(VAS) were evaluated before and after the treatments. Results: After the program, both of Cobb's angle and VAS decreased. Conclusion: Though it is a case report, we found Chuna Therapy and MRT might have valid effect on adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients. Further rigorous case series and controlled trials are warranted.