• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.58-65
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• 2007

Objectives : Motivational factor is a unique contributor to the typically poor academic performance of children with ADHD. However, few study has directly intervened learning motivation in children with ADHD. We conducted this study to explore the direct effects of the learning motivation improvement program applied to children with ADHD. Method The program was designed in order to increase an interest-inducing educational intervention, an academic skills integration, a basic learning activity (reading, writing, and math), and children's self-esteem. We conducted the program twice a week (total 10 sessions) and assessed learning motivation, teaming attitude, self-esteem, academic performance, and problem behaviors of participating children. Results : After the program, teachers reported improvement in teaming motivation. In addition, parents notified sisnificant reduction of problem behaviors. Children reported improvement in a few domains of teaming motivation and learning attitude. Conclusion : While loaming motivation is regarded as an important factor in education, there have been few studies considering this issue in both educational and psychiatric fields. The teaming motivation improvement would be needed in both field in order to reduce the deficits in academic performance in children with ADHD.

• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the experience of children with a schizophrenic parent. Methods: The research methods included biographical in-depth interviews, structured questionnaires, and child's drawings. Data were collected from September until November, 2005 at one university hospital, and interviews were recorded on audio tapes and thereby transcribed. The subjects were three adolescent children (10~15 years old) of a parent with schizophrenia. Results: This study has five themes: It is often the case that the children with a schizophrenic parent are uninformed about their parent's illness, have difficulties dealing with symptoms are confused about their parent's image and display contradictory feelings of fear and sympathy toward their father; The children tend to harbor expectations on mother's role in the family affairs, and simultaneously show pity for her; Family relations without solidarity caused by the absence of their father make the children feel severance, separation, and isolation in and out of the family; The children feel the burden to assume additional household responsibilities; The children are reluctant to mention their father's disease. Conclusion: the study subjects have met negativeness in both developmental characteristics and needs, which supports the need for intervention programs that meet their actual experience.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.168-174
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• 2008

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to develop the Korean Somatization Scale for Children (KSS-C) and to evaluate the reliability and validity of this scale. Methods: Sixty-five children and adolescents with somatic symptoms were evaluated the KSS-C, Child Version, the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC). 65 parents of the subjects evaluated the KSS-C, Parent Version and Korean version of the Child Behavior Checklist (K-CBCL). Psychometric properties and associations with the internalizing symptoms were. Results: Three factors were extracted by factor analysis. KSS-C was significantly correlated with the CDI, the STAIC, and the internalization, externalization and somatization scale of the K-CBCL. The KSS-C, Parent Version was significantly correlated with the KSS-C, Child Version. Frequently reported somatic symptoms in children were fatigue, headache, low energy, stomachache, and nausea. Conclusion: Both KSS-C, Child Version and KSS-P, Parent Version were valid and reliable instrument assess somatic symptoms in Korean children and adolescents.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.214-217
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• 2018

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a well-recognized risk factor for thrombotic events in adults but data on children are scarce. In the great majority of adult patients, thrombotic events are usually deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Other sites such as jugular veins are extremely rare. We present a case of Lemierre syndrome in an adolescent girl with active ulcerative colitis and discuss possible risk factors. This is the first reported case of severe Lemierre syndrome with thrombus extension to cranial veins in a patient with ulcerative colitis. Early recognition of Lemierre syndrome in patients who present with rapidly worsening symptoms of neck pain, fever and signs of pharyngitis is imperative because it increases a chance of favorable prognosis. It is important for pediatricians treating IBD patients not to underestimate possible thrombotic events in children with IBD. Recognition of additional risk factors is crucial for prompt diagnosis and adequate treatment.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제40권
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• pp.5-37
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to find out some characteristics of the family functions of single mothers to provide some useful data for the development of programs which may help single mothers to improve their family functions. The McMaster Family Assessment Device (FAD) which is composed of problem solving function (PS), communication function (CF), role function (RC), emotional reaction function (ER), emotional involvement (EI), behavioral control function (BC), and general function (GC) and McCubbins' FSI were administered to single mothers and their adolescent children and mothers and their adolescent children of ordinary families (control family). The single mothers' perception of their family function was lower than that of control family mothers in an the 7 categories of FAD. The perceptions of the family function of the single mothers' children were lower than those of control family mothers' children. There was on significant difference between the perceptions of single mothers and their children in PS, ER, EI, GC of their family. However, single mothers' perception in RC and BC was lower than that of their children, and the children's perception in CF were lower than that of their mothers. Single mothers who fall on the period of single motherhood was shorter than 7 years perceived their families' function as lower than that of single mothers' who fall on the periods of single motherhood longer than 7 years in all categories. Generally speaking, the single mothers' family functions were lower than that of control family. The different characteristics of each single mother's family functions should be considered in developing programs for single mothers.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.25-36
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• 2009

Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigate the association between Korean ADHD patients and the l/s polymorphism of serotonin transporter(5-HTTLPR). Methods : The study sample consisted of 189 Korean ADHD children diagnosed by Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Present and Lifetime Version-Korean Version(K-SADS-PL), both parents of ADHD children, and 150 normal children. DNA were extracted from the blood of all samples, and genotyping was done. Based on the allele and genotype information, not only the case-control analysis between ADHD and normal children but also the family-based association test among ADHD children and their parents. Transmission disequilibrium test(TDT) were performed for family-based associated test(number of trio=113). The results of the clinical rating and neuropsychological tests were compared according to the l/s genotype of ADHD children. Results : In case-control analysis, there were no statistically significant difference of l/s gene polymorphism between ADHD and normal children in various kinds of analysis condition. In family-based association study, TDT failed to detect linkage disequilibrium between l/s gene polymorphism and ADHD in whole ADHD families. However, in the families of ADHD inattentive type only(number of trio=23), I allele was transmitted more preferentially in the proband with ADHD even if the number of families was small(${\chi}^2$=4.57, p=.032). In the analysis of the results from the clinical scales and neuropsychological tests in ADHD children, the score of the Novelty- Seeking of ADHD children with l/l genotype was significantly lower than with the other genotypes(F=3.15, p=.047), and that of Self Transcendence was significantly higher(F=4.25, p=.017). Conclusion : The results of this study suggest there were no significant genetic association between the 5- HTTLPR gene polymorphism and Korean ADHD.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제8권7호
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• pp.341-348
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• 2017

본 연구는 K-WISC-IV 프로파일을 통해 고기능 자폐 스펙트럼 장애(ASD) 아동의 인지적인 특성을 확인하여 고기능 ASD 아동의 진단에 도움을 주며, 임상 및 교육 장면에서 효과적인 개입을 위한 정보를 제공하는데 목적이 있다. 이에 6~16세의 고기능 ASD 아동 90명을 대상으로 K-WISC-IV의 전체 IQ, 지표 점수와 소검사 환산점수의 평균을 살펴보았으며, 이와 같은 점수들이 규준 집단과 차이가 있는지 확인하고자 단일 집단 t 검정을 시행하였다. 그 결과 처리속도 지표, 작업기억 지표에서 고기능 ASD아동이 규준 집단에 비해 유의하게 낮은 점수를 얻었고, 소검사 수준에서는 이해, 공통그림찾기, 빠진 곳찾기, 순차연결, 산수, 동형찾기, 기호쓰기에서 유의미하게 부진한 수행을 보였다. 다시 말해, K-WISC-IV 프로파일을 통해 고기능 ASD 아동들이 처리 속도가 느리고 사회적 판단력이 부족하며 비언어적인 자극을 빠르게 포착하거나 시각 자극의 핵심적 측면을 파악하는 것이 어렵다는 특성을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.207-213
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• 2020

Objectives: Although aggressive behavior in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has previously shown correlations with hyperactivity/impulsivity, few studies have examined its association with inattention or the effect of working memory on aggressive behavior. This study aimed to assess the relationship between inattention and aggressive behavior and the effect of working memory on the relationship between inattention and aggressive behavior in children and adolescents with ADHD. Methods: Thirty-one children and 26 adolescents with ADHD were retrospectively investigated. The subjects completed the Korean Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Fourth Edition (K-WISC-IV), the Korean Child Behavior Checklist (K-CBCL), and the Korean Children's Depression Inventory (CDI). Results: Inattention was positively correlated with aggressive behavior in children and adolescents with ADHD and working memory showed an insignificant correlation. However, working memory had a significant moderating effect on aggressive behavior by interacting with inattention. The moderating effect of working memory manifested when the working memory index score on the K-WISC-IV was 73.5 points or higher, and it had a significant effect on aggressive behavior. Conclusion: This study shows that the severity of inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity should be addressed to provide appropriate treatment to children and adolescents with ADHD who exhibit aggressive behavior.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제61권4호
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• pp.565-583
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• 2023

This study sought to examine the effects of current single-parent family policies on the psychological adaptation of family members in single-parent homes, while also confirming that visitation and child support are indeed in the best interests of children in such cases. An online survey was conducted in 2021 for divorced single mothers and their children (aged 11 to 19) living in metropolitan regions (Seoul, Kyunggi, and Incheon). A total of 171 dyads, comprised of single mothers and their adolescent children, participated in this study. Using the collected data, descriptive statistical analysis and structural equation modeling were performed. The major results of this study are as follows. First, visitation with fathers was not significantly associated with self-esteem, aggression, or life satisfaction among the participating adolescent children. On the other hand, when child support was paid, aggression among adolescents was lower than when child support was not paid. Second, neither visitation nor child support was significantly associated with single mothers' levels of depression and life satisfaction. The enforcement of child support guarantees the welfare of children and conforms to the principle of promoting the best interests of minor children. Therefore, child support should be continuously encouraged and supported by agencies in accordance with current law. In order for the implementation of visitation to be in the best interest of the child, the amount and quality of visitation should be secured so that the child can still recognize their non-custodial parents as "caregivers."

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.14-19
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• 2017

Children exposed to potentially traumatic events are at risk of developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, the subsequent developmental course of posttraumatic stress symptoms appears to vary considerably. In this regard, some PTSD symptoms resolve without significant interventions, while for many children and adolescents, they persist until the patient receives appropriate treatment specifically designed to address PTSD and other trauma related symptoms. Evidence-based psychotherapies represent the standard of care for children with PTSD and, while psychopharmacologic interventions are utilized for many youth with posttraumatic stress symptoms and PTSD, there is little data available to guide the use of these medications in this population. However, given the structural challenges involved in disseminating and delivering evidence-based psychotherapies in all settings, prescribing clinicians should be aware of the medications whose use in children with pediatric PTSD has been studied. Herein, we review the PTSD assessment modalities, as well as the use of pharmacologic interventions in PTSD, including antiadrenergic agents, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and other medications.