• 한국유통학회지:유통연구
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.25-47
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• 2010

고객만족제고에 관심을 기울이고 노력을 경주하는 기업이 늘어나면서, 유통업자들에게 고객만족제고 인센티브를 제공함으로써 그들의 고객만족노력을 불러일으키고자 하는 노력 역시 활발해 지고 있다. 이러한 노력은 상호 경쟁하는 멀티채널을 운용하는 기업들 역시 마찬가지이다. 그러나 지금까지의 고객만족제고방안에 관한 연구는 종업원이나 단일유통업자 등단일주체에 초점을 두고 진행되어 왔을 뿐 경쟁이 발생하는 멀티채널 상황에서의 고객만족제고 인센티브에 대해서는 별다른 연구가 이루어지지 않고 있다. 이러한 문제의식에서 출발하여, 본 연구에서는 게임이론에 기반한 수리경제학적 분석을 통해 멀티채널을 운용하는 기업의 고객만족제고방안에 주안점을 두어 제조업자가 두 유통업자를 운용하는 멀티채널 모형을 상정하여 고객만족제고 인센티브를 어떻게 제시하는 것이 바람직한지 규명하였다. 본 연구의 주요결과는 다음과 같다: (1)명성수준이 높을수록 고객만족제고 인센티브 수준을 높이는 것이 바람직하다. (2)멀티채널 사이의 보완적 외부효과가 클수록 고객만족제고 인센티브 수준을 높이는 것이 바람직하다. (3)유통비용이 클수록 멀티채널에서의 고객만족제고 인센티브의 수준은 낮게 제시하는 것이 바람직하다. (4)채널간 경쟁강도가 높을수록 고객만족제고 인센티브 수준을 높이는 것이 바람직하다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.568-574
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• 1996

본 연구에서는 철분의 섭취가 계속 증가하고 있는 현 시점에서 철분과 셀레늄의 섭취수준이 체내 지질 함량 변화에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 흰쥐를 대상으로 철분을 35ppm, 70ppm, L40ppm수준으로 하고 셀레늄을 0.05ppm과 0.5ppm으로 하여 6주간 사육한 후 이들 섭취수준에 따른 혈액과 간의 지질 함량을 측정하였다. 철분과 셀레늄의 섭취수준에 따른 사료 섭취량은 유의적인 차이가 없었으며, 체중 증가량은 철분과 셀레늄의 섭취수준에 따른 유의적인 차이가 있어(p<0.05, p<0.05) MFeHSe군이 제일 높았고 AFeHSe군이 가장 낮았다 혈청 철분 함량은 철분의 섭취수준 증가에 따라 유의하게 높았으며(p<0.05), 셀레늄 함량은 고셀레늄 섭취군이 적정군에 비해 유의적으로 높은 것으로 나타났다(p<0.05). 혈청 총 콜레스테를 수준은 철분 섭취수준 증가에 따라 유의적으로 높았으며 (p<0.001) 고셀레늄 섭취군은 적정 셀레늄 섭취군에 비해 유의적으로 낮게 나타났다(p<0.001). 혈청 HDL-콜레스테를 함량은 철분과 셀레늄 섭취수준에 따른 유의적인 영향을 받아(P<0.05, p<0.01) MFeHSe군이 가장 높았으며 HFeASe 군이 가장 낮게 나타났다. 철분과 셀레늄의 섭취수준에 따른 LDL-콜레스테롤과 VLDL-콜레스테를 함량의 합은 철분 섭취수준이 높은 군에서 유의적으로 높게 나타났으며 (p<0.001), 모든 철분의 섭취수준에서 0.5ppm 셀레늄의 첨가로 유의하게 감소하였다(p<0.001). 간장의 철분 함량은 셀레늄 보충군이 적정군 보다 유의 하게 낮았고(p<0.01), 셀레늄 함량은 철분 섭취 수준에 따라 유의적으로 낮은 것으로 나타났다(p<0.05). 철분의 섭취수준이 높아짐에 따라 간장 인지질 함량은 높아지는 경향이었으나 유의적인 차이는 없었으며, 0.5ppm 셀레늄 첨가로 간장 인지질 함량은 유의적으로 감소하였다(p<0.05). 간장의 중성지방 함량은 철분에 의한 유의적인 차이가 있어 (p<0.05) 철분 섭취 수준이 낮은 군에서 높게 나타났으며, 총 지방 함량은 철분과 셀레늄의 섭취수준에 의한 유의한 영향으로(p<0.01, p<0.01) 철분의 섭취수준이 높을수록 감소하였고, 고셀레늄 섭취군이 적정셀레늄 섭취군 보다 낮게 나타났다. 이상의 연구를 종합할 때 철분의 섭취증가는 혈중 지질 함량을 증가시키고 셀레늄은 감소시키는 것으로 나타났으며, 간장의 지질 함량 변화에 대해서는 앞으로 좀더 다각적인 연구가 요구된다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제16권11호
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• pp.47-56
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• 2018

Purpose - In this research, the expectation level of service of Incheon International Airport was investigated. Service expectation level is critical to the customers' satisfaction and should be managed. Regarding the expectation level of service, the concepts have been defined and introduced by some researchers including Zeithaml, Berry, and Parasuraman (1993). However, due to the difficulties of measuring the level, researches on the expectation level of service have been limited. The main reason of difficulties of measuring the effects is that desired service, adequate service, perceived service, predicted service which are the conceptual components of the expectation level of service are psychologically described concepts and thus are hard to set up standards and to measure numerically. All that one can discern is that desired service level is higher than adequate service level or perceived service level is lower than predicted service level under the certain conditions, etc. Research design, data, and methodology - In this research, the level of service and factors affecting the level are investigated using the case of an Airport. The main idea of research is to investigate whether a supposed factor that is alleged to affect the expected service level is working empirically. The supposed factor is service provider's promise to provide certain level of service to customers. Results - The research results can be summarized as follow. First, service provider's promise, in this case the Airport's Service Quality Award by Airports Council International which can be regarded as objective promise to provide the certain level of service to customers is turned out to be influential to factors affecting expectation level of service. Second, service provider's promise affects to move the customers' expectation level of service upward especially the service of delivering the necessary information to customers in the airport correctly and swiftly. Conclusions - The implications of the research results are, first, customers' expectation level of service in influenced by service provider's promise, second, airport's service award increases the level of customers' service level and as a result for the airport to meet the customers' expectation level of service more efforts should be made.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제55권7호
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• pp.2407-2418
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• 2023

Internal replaceable electronic module substitutions can impact EMC (ElectroMagnetic Compatibility) qualification testing and results if EMC testing is conducted at the cabinet level. The impact of component substitutions on EMC qualification results therefore should be evaluated. If a qualitative evaluation is not adequate to ensure that the modified product will not impact the cabinet level EMC qualification results, a new qualification testing should be conducted. Component level retesting should be conducted under electromagnetically equivalent conditions with the cabinet level test. This paper analyzes the propagation of conducted susceptibility test waveforms in a representative cabinet and evaluates the impact of component substitutions on cabinet level EMC qualification results according to the location of the replacement items. A guideline for a qualitative evaluation of the impact of component substitutions is described based on the propagation of the conducted susceptibility test waveforms. A module level test method is also described based on an analysis of the shielding effectiveness of the cabinet.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 1995

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.149-163
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• 2016

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the readability and suitability of printed educational materials related to metabolic syndrome in South Korea. Methods: Data were collected on 15 educational materials on metabolic syndrome from public health centers in Seoul. The 9 Graded Korean Vocabulary Classification and Korean version of SAM (Suitability Assessment of Materials) were used for the readability evaluation and the suitability evaluation respectively. Results: Overall average of the readability was 3.0th grade level. The percentage of 1st to 4th grade words was 79.4%. The printed educational materials on metabolic syndrome were written according to recommended reading levels. In suitability assessment, 2 out of 15 materials(13.3%) were scored as superior, 12 materials(80.0%) were scored as adequate and only 1 (6.7%) was scored as inadequate. The total average score of suitability was adequate. However, there are limitations in "summary and review" and "context is given first" due to limited writing pages. Conclusion: Readability and suitability of educational materials for metabolic syndrome were evaluated as adequate level. However, future health educational materials should be evaluated for readability via different factors including length of sentences, numbers of sentences, and structure of sentences. In addition, for easier understanding and motivation of readers, materials should use summary & review, context and proper interaction.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.87-98
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• 2010

소입경 골재노출 콘크리트포장은 콘크리트 타설 직후 포장표면에 응결지연제를 살포하여 표면으로부터 2~3mm 정도의 모르타르 경화를 늦추게 한 후 표면의 모르타르 제거를 통해 굵은 골재를 포장표면에 노출시키는 공법이다. 소입경 골재노출 콘크리트포장의 타이어-노면 소음은 일반 콘크리트포장보다 작으면서도 적정한 미끄럼저항을 장기간 유지한다는 장점을 가지고 있다. 성공적인 소입경 골재노출 콘크리트포장의 건설을 위해서는 굵은골재의 최대입경이 적정하여야 하며 적정량의 굵은골재를 포장표면에 균일하게 노출하도록 해야 하기 때문에 이를 위한 적절한 배합과 노출기법의 도출이 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 소입경 골재노출 콘크리트포장의 시험시공을 실시하여 초기 공용성을 평가하였으며, 이를 통하여 적정 강도, 저소음 및 적정 미끄럼저항을 확보함을 확인하였다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제5권6호
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• pp.548-552
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to estimate the daily manganese (Mn) intake of Korean children. This study was done using a three-day dietary intake survey of 257 Korean children (boys 123; girls 134). The Mn intake values were calculated based on a database that provides the Mn content of the frequently consumed Korean foods, alongside the food composition table provided by the Korean National Rural Living Science Institute. The average age, height, weight and body mass index of our subjects were 11.9 years, 155.4 cm, 48.9 kg and 20.2 kg/$m^2$ in boys and 11.9 years, 154.1 cm, 43.5 kg and 18.3 kg/$m^2$ in girls. The average daily energy intakes were 2,249.2 kcal in boys and 2,044.5 kcal in girls. Boys consumed significantly more Mn than girls, based on intake estimates of $4,585.3{\mu}g$ (117.6% of adequate intake) and $4,029.3{\mu}g$ (117.1% of adequate intake), respectively (P < 0.001). Boys had a Mn intake of $2,041.1{\mu}g$ per 1,000 kcal of energy consumption, whereas for girls this was at $1,983.9{\mu}g$ per 1,000 kcal. Neither group exceeded the tolerable upper intake level for Mn. The major food groups which contributed to Mn intake in our subjects were cereals (50.8%), vegetables (21.0%), seasonings (8.9%), and pulses (7.7%). Notably, boys derived a higher Mn intake through cereals and vegetable than did girls (P < 0.001, P < 0.05). The key food sources of Mn, in descending order, were rice, soybean curd, kimchi, black rice and cereals. We propose that the results of our study may be used as a basis for follow-up studies that examine the Mn intake of children.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.727-740
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• 2018

Tuned mass dampers (TMDs) are passive damping devices widely employed to mitigate the pedestrian-induced vibrations on footbridges. The TMD design must ensure an adequate performance during the overall life-cycle of the structure. Although the TMD is initially adjusted to match the natural frequency of the vibration mode which needs to be controlled, its design must further take into account the change of the modal parameters of the footbridge due to the modification of the operational and environmental conditions. For this purpose, a motion-based design optimization method is proposed and implemented herein, aimed at ensuring the adequate behavior of footbridges under uncertainty conditions. The uncertainty associated with the variation of such modal parameters is simulated by a probabilistic approach based on the results of previous research reported in literature. The pedestrian action is modelled according to the recommendations of the Synpex guidelines. A comparison among the TMD parameters obtained considering different design criteria, design requirements and uncertainty levels is performed. To illustrate the proposed approach, a benchmark footbridge is considered. Results show both which is the most adequate design criterion to control the pedestrian-induced vibrations on the footbridge and the influence of the design requirements and the uncertainty level in the final TMD design.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.48-52
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• 2003

The Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI's) are new nutrient intake standards that are being set for the United States and Canada. There are currently four types of DRI's: Estimated Average Requirements (EAR), Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA), Adequate Intakes (AI), and Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (UL). The EAR is the nutrient intake that would be adequate for about half the population, while intake at the RDA should be adequate for 97-98% of the population. When the data are insufficient to set an EAR and RDA, then an AI is set. The UL is the highest intake level that does not pose a risk of adverse effects. The EAR, AI, and UL may be used to assess intakes of both individuals and of groups of people. For individuals, the EAR is used to calculate the probability that intake is inadequate, the AI is used to decide if the probability of inadequacy is low, and the UL is used to determine if a risk of excess intake is present. For groups. the EAR is used to estimate the prevalence of inadequacy, the AI is used to decide if the prevalence of inadequacy is low, and the UL is used to estimate the prevalence of excessive intakes. Because this approach to setting and applying nutrient standards is new, research recommendations include improving estimates of risk, improving dietary data, and improving statistical methods.