• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.540-550
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of internal-external control, difficulties in emotion regulation, and clinical practice stress among college nursing students. The study was conducted, based on a sample of 220 students at one college and the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression analysis. As a result of correlation analysis, there were significant positive correlation in difficulty of emotion regulation score and clinical practice stress score according to external control score. Factors affecting on clinical practice stress were locus of control, difficulties in emotion regulation, college satisfaction, grade, and religion having explanation rate of 17%. Therefore, to decrease clinical stress among nursing students, Nursing students should be considered the emotion regulation with external control disposition. The results can contribute as a basic data in developing education strategies and clinical adjustment programs for regulating clinical stress with emotion management and adaptation on clinical environment.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.47-56
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• 2017

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to examine the viability of imitation strategy. Imitation strategy is one of the strategic options that a late mover can choose, and by selecting the strategy, the company imitates key elements of the business model of first movers, and modifies them to suit its conditions. The author attempted to explain how the elements of first mover's business models were creatively adapted to suit the conditions of late movers so that they can secure market position face-to-face market leaders. Research design, data, and methodology - For the purpose of the study, Korean coffee franchise industry was selected to compare the strategies of first and late movers and to discuss imitation strategy in detail. The author conducted in-depth case study of first mover and business model innovator Starbucks and Ediya Coffee, one of their imitators. The paper examines how Ediya has imitated and modified the business model of Starbucks to secure its unique competitive position in domestic market by using value chain and generic strategy analysis. Results - Starbucks and Ediya were compared in terms of their interior design, the price level of beverages, the variety of side dishes, and shop locations. Starbucks have invested interior design heavily to shops, offered diverse beverages and side dishes with relatively high price, the shops are located in central areas, whereas Ediya has concentrated on achieving cost leadership in all value activities as maintaining the quality of key products. Ediya succeeded in achieving best-provider strategy, in which it enjoys both cost leadership and differentiation advantages, largely by the strategic alliance with the biggest coffee manufacturer, Dongsuh Foods in Korea. Conclusions - Though Ediya is the imitator of Starbucks, it has modified Starbucks business models and succeeded in providing the 'third place' experience for budget-minded customers. Ediya has also succeeded in benefiting its franchisees by lowering costs and simplifying the various tasks of coffee shop management. Due to these factors, Ediya could become one of the largest number shops as the coffee franchise in Korea.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.9
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• pp.9-15
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• 2020

This study is to analyze the influence of the digital divide on the digital daily life of the elderly. Adaptation tendencies for digital divide were measured and classified into groups for elderly people over 60 years old. And digital communication skills, digital confidence, digital self-control, and digital life satisfaction were measured. The research model used a cross over design model and a dual mediation model. As a result of the study, first, it was found that a group with high adaptive accessibility to the digital divide had a positive effect on the overall digital daily life. Second, a group with high adaptive literacy to the digital divide had a positive effect on the digital self-control. Third, digital communication skill has a positive effect on digital life satisfaction, and digital confidence and digital self-control play a mediating role. Based on these findings, we discussed strategies to overcome the digital divide in old age.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.1-17
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to identify the differences of the static and the dynamic balance reactions in the flexion syndrome (FS) and the extension syndrome (ES) group of the patients with chronic lowback pain (LBP) and healthy subjects. Twenty subjects were included in each group. By using EquiTest 5.02, the static balance was measured by the equilibrium score and the strategy score of sensory organization test (SOT), while the dynamic balance was measured by the latency of motor control test (MCT) and the sway energy of adaptation test (ADT). Oswestry Disability Index (OSI) was used to measure level of the disability in patients with chronic LBP. The equilibrium scores, the strategies of SOT, and thelatencies of MCT of three groups were compared with one way ANOVA, while the sway energy of ADT was compared with repeated measures one way ANOVA. The results of this study showed that the equilibrium scores and the strategy scores of SOT were significantly lower in patients with chronic LBP than in healthy subjects. The equilibrium scores and the strategy scores of SOT were significantly differences between the FS and ES groups in condition 5 (support surface was sway-referenced and visual information waseliminated by eye closure), and 6 (support surface was sway-referenced and visual information was altered by sway-referencing). The FS group showed delayed average reaction time at large posterior translation, however, the ES group showed delayed average reaction time at large anterior translation, Even though the sway energy of the patients with chronic LBP were greater than that of healthy subjects during the toe down (plantar flexion rotation), the values between the FS and ES groups didn't show any significant difference. The disability level showed highly correlation with the equilibrium score of the condition 5. As the results, the FS and ES groups divided by the their symptoms and signs in patients with chronic LBP showed different balance reaction. Therefore, more accurate evaluation and balance treatments are needed to focus on their symptoms and signs in patients with chronic LBP.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.601-621
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• 2018

Purpose: This study aimed to synthesize the caring experiences of Korean family members of patients with dementia through a qualitative meta-synthesis method. Methods: By searching through nine Korean and English databases, we compared 37 qualitative studies on caring experiences of family members of patients with dementia. The selected studies were synthesized through meta-synthesis, proposed by Sandelowski and Barroso (2007). Results: The meta-synthesis elicited four themes: tough life due to care for patients, changes in relationships, adaptation to caregiver's roles, and new perspectives of life through personal growth. Caregivers were shocked when a sudden diagnosis of dementia was made prior to any preparation on their part. They were tied to their patients all the time and their mind and body got exhausted. Their relationship with patients began to change and they looked at them differently. They experienced conflicts with the other non-caring family members and were alienated from them. They were also socially isolated. However, by building their own care strategies and utilizing social resources, they gradually adapted to their caregiver roles. Finally, they experienced personal growth and acquired a new perspective toward life by accepting their roles and finding meaning in their lives. Shifting the caregiver's centricity from themselves to the patient was the process of becoming human beings who actively constructed their realities while giving meaning to their painful lives and interacting with the environment. Conclusion: The results of the study can be useful for nurses in understanding the experiences of caregivers of the patients with dementia and in providing them with practical interventions.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.187-190
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• 2014

The agricultural policy/Environmental eXtender (APEX) model was developed by the Blackland Research and Extension Center in Temple, Texas. APEX is a flexible and dynamic tool that is capable of simulating a wide array of management practices, cropping systems, and other land uses across a broad range of agricultural landscapes, including whole farms and small watersheds. The model can be configured for novel land management strategies, such as filter strip impacts on pollutant losses from upslope crop fields, vegetated grassed waterways in combination with filter strip impacts, and land application of manure removed from livestock feedlots or waste storage ponds. The APEX model has continually evolved since its inception, and the process of adaptation and modification will likely continue as use of the model expands for an ever-increasing range of environmental problems and conditions. Several improvements to specific model subroutines have already been initiated, while other potential improvements have been identified that will require future research and code modification efforts.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.285-288
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• 2005

Neural networks are known as kinds of intelligent strategies since they have learning capability. There are various their applications from intelligent control fields; however, their applications have limits from the point that the stability of the intelligent control systems is not usually guaranteed. In this paper we propose a neuro-adaptive controller for robot manipulators using the radial basis function network(RBFN) that is a kind of a neural network. Adaptation laws for parameters of the RBFN are developed based on the Lyapunov stability theory to guarantee the stability of the overall control scheme. Filtered tracking errors between the actual outputs and desired outputs are discussed in the sense of the uniformly ultimately boundedness(UUB). Additionally, it is also shown that the parameters of the RBFN are bounded. Experimental results for a SCARA-type robot manipulator show that the proposed neuro-adaptive controller is adaptable to the environment changes and is more robust than the conventional PID controller and the neuro-controller based on the multilayer perceptron.

• The Journal of Information Technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.23-41
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• 2004

It is estimated that electronic commerce facilitates international trade and lower transaction cost and help firms make the best of the opportunities of market access. The comprehensive programs had been implemented to provide better electronic commerce environments by international organizations such as OECD, UNCITRAL, APEC, ICC and etc. Especially, WTO plays the most important role to implement efficient forms and rules on electronic commerce after Doha Ministerial Conference. Member countries recognize the need to conduct the electronic commerce in compliance with the principles and rules of WTO. However, there are many issues to be solved such as the clarifications of concepts and definitions, the possibility of adaptation of technological neutrality in GATS, the imposition of taxation in electronic commerce transactions and the methods of protecting copying as well as trademark. The Implementation of concrete forms and rules of electronic commerce in the WTO will be influential to international trade as the member countries have to adapt them in their transactions. Considering that further discussion will be continued in GATS, we need to analyze the problems and strategies for electronic commerce. As there are not concrete international laws for e-commerce, the existing laws must be revised and changed and each country need to present the enactment direction of e-commerce law to streamline e-commerce and to prevent trading partners from conflicting due to legal problems.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.204-204
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• 2016

Thailand had set the National Water Management Strategy which covered main six areas in the next 12 years, i.e., by priority: (1) water for household, (2) water for agricultural and industrial production, (3) water for flood and drought management, (4) water for quality issue, (5) water from forest conservation and soil erosion protection, (6) water resources management. However due to the climate change impact, there is a question for all strategies is whether to complete this mission under future climate change. If the impact affects our target, we have to clarify how to mitigate or to adapt with it. Vulnerability assessment was conducted under the framework of ADB's (with the parameters of exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity) and the assessments were classified into groups due to their different characteristic and the framework of the National Water Management Strategy, i.e., water supply (rural and urban), water for development (agriculture and others), water disasters (floods (flash, overflow), drought, water quality). The assessments identified the parameters concerned and weight factors used for each groups via expert group discussions and by using GIS mapping technology, the vulnerability maps were produced. The maps were verified with present water situation data (floods, drought, water quality). From the analysis result of this water resources management strategy, we found that 30% of all projects face the big impacts, 40% with low impact, and 30% for no impact. It is clear that water-related agencies have to carefully take care approximately 70% of future projects to meet water resources management strategy. It is recommended that additional issues should be addressed to mitigate the impact from climate risk on water resource management of the country, i.e., water resources management under new risk based on development scenarios, relationship with area-based problems, priority definition by viewpoints of risk, vulnerability (impact and occurrence probability in past and future), water management system in emergency case and water reserve system, use of information, knowledge and technology in management, network cooperation and exchange of experiences, knowledge, technique for sustainable development with mitigation and adaptation, education and communication systems in risk, new impact, and emergency-reserve system. These issues will be described and discussed.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.61 no.6
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• pp.31-40
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• 2019

In order to implement practical alternatives to proactively cope with the agricultural drought, the potential vulnerability of irrigation pumping stations to agricultural drought was quantitatively evaluated. Data for the 124 pumping stations which are correlatable to the three proxy variables, i.e. exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity was collected by the Korea Rural Community Corporation, and then standardized considering distribution of each data set. Finally, the vulnerability index was calculated by multiplying the weights determined by the expert survey. The results showed that the vulnerability index ranged from 0.709 to 0.331 and the most vulnerable pumping stations such as Judam, Wongoo and Jinahn were mostly located in Gyeongbuk province likely because of the climatological characteristics with high temperature and low rainfall around this area. In addition, it was found that the adaptive capacity was a dominant factor comparing to exposure or sensitivity proxy variables in contributing to the vulnerability. It is therefore recommended that more practical alternatives should be employed to effectively reduce the vulnerability of an individual pumping station to agricultural drought. Furthermore, the corresponding data related to adaptive capacity should be systematically organized and managed at a field level to design reliable adaptation strategies.